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▪ I. over-ˈwinter, v.
[over- 17, 34. In OE.; with which however the mod. use has no historical connexion, but is app. after Norw. and Da. overvintra, Sw. öfvervintra; so Du. overwinteren (Kilian), Ger. überwintern to winter, L. hiemāre.]
†1. intr. To get over or through the winter. (OE.)
a1000ælfric Colloquy in Wright Voc. 9 Nan eower nele oferwintran [hiemare] buton minon cræfte.
2. In mod. use: To pass the winter, to winter (in high latitudes).
1895tr. Let. from Nansen (17 July 1893) in Daily News 10 July 6/4 In that case we shall have to over-winter somewhere on the North Asian coast. 1900Westm. Gaz. 10 Sept. 6/3 Southern Cross Fjord is..another place where an ice-vessel might over-winter with a scientific party.
3. To live through the winter: said esp. of insects and fungi.
1933Jrnl. R. Hort. Soc. LVIII. 227 The larvae [of apple sawfly] overwinter in cocoons in the soil. 1946Nature 28 Sept. 454/2 The most probable causes of the disease [sc. tomato stem and fruit rot] are spores in propagating soil and spores which have overwintered in cracks of old cases. 1953D. A. Bannerman Birds Brit. Isles I. 138 Either the Greenland or Hornemann's redpoll ‘over-winters’ in north-east Greenland. 1959New Biol. XIX. 60 Temperate species [of midge] must normally overwinter as larvae. 1960Times 9 July 9/2 Black spot overwinters on pieces of rose foliage. 1967Times 23 Nov. 4/8 Two species of ticks and four of fleas..overwinter on the island [sc. Macquarie Island]. 1972Swan & Papp Common Insects N. Amer. xxii. 589 Culex mosquitoes overwinter as fertilized females. 1977J. L. Harper Population Biol. Plants xiii. 431 The butterfly lays its eggs in batches of 20–400 on the leaves of Aster, the larvae feed gregariously until the third instar when they disperse, over-winter and then start feeding again as solitary feeders.
4. trans. To keep (animals or plants) alive through the winter.
1945Scythe Mar. 10 Primitive farming with low yields and no fodder crops on which to over-winter more than a minimum of domestic cattle. 1961Listener 7 Dec. 992/3 The Chabaud and Nice types [of carnation] raised from August sowings would be safer if over-wintered in frames or under cloches. 1970Jrnl. R. Hort. Soc. XCV. 358 The glaucous-leaved Eucalyptus globulus, sown in the previous July or August and overwintered under glass. 1976Evening Chron. (Newcastle) 26 Nov., In this case the plants can be potted up into fairly large pots and over-wintered in a cold frame until they can be planted out when the better weather comes along.
Hence overˈwintered ppl. a., overˈwintering vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1901U.S. Dept. Agric. Yearbk. 1900 90 The overwintering crop. 1916J. P. Lotsy Evolution by Means of Hybridization vii. 90 This experiment is yet in progress with the overwintered F1 plants. 1923Glasgow Herald 17 July 7 Preparations [are to be] made for a probable overwintering there next year. 1925Jrnl. Agric. Res. XXXI. 1 (title) Further studies on the overwintering and dissemination of cucurbit mosaic. 1936Amer. Bee Jrnl. LXXVI. 452 (title) Influence of pollen reserves on the surviving population of over-wintered colonies. 1958New Biol. XXVI. 33 A lateral bud grows out from the corm [of the bulbous buttercup] in the autumn and gives rise to an over-wintering rosette of foliage leaves. 1963Field Archaeol. (Ordnance Survey) (ed. 4) 120 Overwintering sites may not have had very strong defences since they made use of natural obstacles and did not look far beyond the needs of a season. 1967Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. V. 417 The spawning and over-wintering concentrations of Bank herring. 1971Farmer & Stockbreeder 23 Feb. 45 (Advt.), Dose your overwintered cattle with ‘Helmatac’ now, and remove the winter worm burden. 1973Times 18 June 16/2 The overwintered wild oat can produce at least twice as much seed to cause future trouble as those that start their lives in the spring. 1974A. Dillard Pilgrim at Tinker Creek viii. 135 Look at an overwintering ball of buzzing bees.
▪ II. over-winter, a.
see over- 32. |