| 释义 |
▪ I. pail, n.|peɪl|
Forms: 4–7 payle, 5 paille, (payelle), 6–7 paile, 7–8 pale, 6– pail.
[Of uncertain origin: cf. OE. pæᵹel ‘gill, wine-measure’ (Sweet), and OF. paelle, payelle, paielle frying-pan, brazier, warming-pan, bath, liquid measure, saltpan:—L. patella small pan or dish, plate, dim. of patina broad shallow dish, pan; see Note below.]
1. A vessel, usually of cylindrical or truncated obconical shape, made of wooden staves hooped with iron, or of sheet-metal, etc., and provided with a bail or hooped handle; used for carrying milk, water, etc. (The sense in quots. c 1000 and 1423 is doubtful. In the latter the word appears to be OF. payelle, frying-pan, brazier, or flat-dish.)
[c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 124/2 Gillo, pæᵹel [mispr. wægel]. 1392–3Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 174 Pro ij payles ligneis, ijs. [1423in Rolls of Parlt. IV. 241 Item, xxxi Pottez du Bras..Item, xix Pailles de Bras,..Item, xxvii Pailles de Bras rumpuz..Item, xii Pailles ovec longe handels, pris le pece viiid.] c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 666/16 Hec multra, payle. c1440Promp. Parv. 377/2 Payle, or mylke stoppe, multrale,..vel multra. 1530Palsgr. 250/2 Payle a vessell, seau. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. 66 The Gardners in the end of Sommer, do take the rootes and set them in pannes, pottes, or payles. a1636C. Fitzgeffrey Bless. Birthd. (1881) 153 Had they not come their empty pailes to fill At wisdomes well, they had beene empty still. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. ii. 28 New Milk that..overflows the Pails. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 259 Dip every Brick you lay, all over in a Pale of Water. 1798Southey Well of St. Keyne v, There came a man from the house hard by At the Well to fill his pail. 1882Ross in Sunday Mag. Feb. 96 A sea In which we children dip our tiny pails.
b. A pail full (of water, etc.); a pailful.
1600Hakluyt Voy. III. 418 Skins of those seales, contayning ech of them aboue a great paile of water. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 259 They may throw Pales of Water on the Wall after the Bricks are lay'd. 1886Hall Caine Son of Hagar i. v, Crossing the garden with a pail of water just raised from the well.
c. In phrases relating to the milk-pail.
1617Moryson Itin. iii. 286 They pay..two stiuers weekely for each Cow for the Paile. 1758R. Brown Compl. Farmer (1759) 19 The best sort of cows for the pail. 1886Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. s.v., A cow is said to be ‘a come'd in to pail’ when her calf is gone, and all her milk becomes available for the dairy. 1888T. Hardy Wessex Tales I. 57 The cows were ‘in full pail’.
†2. A shallow pan, such as is used for obtaining salt by the evaporation of brine; a salt-pan. Obs. (So OF. paielle.)
1481Caxton Myrr. ii. xxi. 112 Nygh vnto metz the cyte is a water that renneth there, the whiche is soden in grete payelles of copper, and it becometh salt fayr and good.
3. attrib. and Comb., as pail-bottom, pail-brush, pail-handle, pail-lathe, pail-machine, pail-maker, pail-nail, pail-stake.
1723Lond. Gaz. No. 6224/6 Thomas Gibbons, Pailmaker. 1789W. Marshall Glouc. Gloss. (E.D.S.), Pailstake..a bough, furnished with many branchlets, is fixed with its but-end in the ground, in the dairy-yard. The branchlets being lopped, of a due length, each stump becomes a peg to hang a pail upon. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Pail-brush, a hard brush to clean the corners of vessels. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 653/1 The workman..in an instant moves another chisel to form the groove for receiving the chine of the pail-bottom and chamfers the upper edge.
Hence pail v. (nonce-wd.), to pour out in pailfuls.
1807W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. V. 559 The well-head of all the clear water which the Lockes and Hartleys have pailed abroad. [Note. The OE. form pæᵹel suits the mod. Eng. pail (cf. hail, sail, tail, etc.), but does not explain the final -e always present from 14th to 17th c., which is better accounted for by the OF. word. Neither source is quite satisfactory as to the sense: the OF. word being applied in all cases to a shallow dish; while OE. pæᵹel appears to have been a small measure: cf. LG. pegel, Da. pægel, pæl, half a pint. The Dutch pegel is difficult to bring into line. Kilian 1599 has peghel ‘capacity or measure of a vessel’; Hexham 1678 has ‘the concavity or the capacity of a vessel or of a pot’. But mod.Du. pegel, peil has the sense ‘gauge, scale, mark’, which was also the sense in MDu., going back, according to Franck, to an ODu. *pagil ‘little peg or pin’, esp. one ‘used as a mark’, to be compared with Eng. peg and Du. dial. pegel icicle; an original sense remote from that of Eng. pail or even OE. pæᵹel.] ▪ II. pail, v.2 dial.
[Origin unknown: see also pale v.4]
trans. To beat, thrash. Hence pailed ppl. a., beaten; pailing vbl. n., pailing-hammer.
c1746J. Collier (Tim Bobbin) View Lanc. Dial. Wks. (1862) 53 He begun o possing, on peyling him. 1835in Cornwallis New World (1859) I. 377 One shingle hammer, one pailing hammer. 1872Hartley Yorks. Ditties Ser. i. 81 He's fit to pail his heead agean th' jaumstooan.
▪ III. pail, paile
obs. forms of pale, pall, peel. |