| 释义 |
Pali, n. and a.|ˈpɑːlɪ|
Also Pāli, Páli.
[Short for pāli-bhāsā, i.e. language of the canonical texts (as opposed to ‘commentary’), f. pāli line, canon + bhāsā language.]
1. a. The language used in the canonical books of the Buddhists, composed in North India. This ‘Middle High Indian’ was the literary form of the language spoken in Kosala, the country now called the Uttar Pradesh (Oudh, etc.), which was the lingua franca of North India from the 6th or 5th to the 2nd century b.c. Also often used to include b. The language of the chronicles, commentaries, and other literary works of later Buddhists, which bears the same relation to the language of the canonical texts as mediæval bears to classical Latin; and c. The kindred language used in the early Indian inscriptions.
[1693A.P. tr. De la Loubère's Siam 9 The terms of Religion and Justice, the names of Offices, and all the Ornaments of the [Siamese] Vulgar Tongue are borrow'd from the Balie. ]1800M. Symes Embassy to Ava 338 That the Pali, the sacred language of the priests of Boodh, is nearly allied to the Shanscrit of the Bramins. 1833Tandy tr. Sangermano's Burmese Emp. 141 The grammar of the Pali language or Magatà. Ibid., All these books are written in the Pali tongue. 1837G. Turnour Mahāwanso Introd. 22 Buddhists are impressed with the conviction that their sacred and classical language, the Mágadhi or Páli, is of greater antiquity than the Sanscrit. 1871Alabaster Wheel of Law 246 Others believe that Pali..was the vernacular language of Magadha, the Holy Land of Buddhism. 1877Rhys Davids Buddhism 237 A list of the Pali commentaries now extant. 1903― Buddhist India 152 Pali is a literary language based on the dialect of Kosala.
2. Pali plague: see quots.
1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 484 The Pali plague differs from the Egyptian plague, in having a marked lung disease. 1875tr. von Ziemssen's Cycl. Med. I. 482 He thinks that he can recognise the black death of the fourteenth century in the so-called Indian Plague or Pali Plague, a disease which prevailed from 1815 to 1821 in the East Indian provinces of Kutch and Guzerat.
3. Comb., as Pali-Prakrit, Pali-Pyu.
1948D. Diringer Alphabet vi. 388 Pali-Prakrit Sinhalese. This language..may be dated from the third century b.c. to about the fourth century a.d. Ibid. vii. 410 A mixed Pali-Pyu inscription. |