| 释义 |
pancreas|ˈpæŋkriːæs, -əs|
[a. mod.L., a. Gr. πάγκρεας (stem -κρεατ- sweetbread, f. παν- all + κρέας flesh. So F. pancréas, It., Sp. pancreas.]
A lobulated racemose gland situated near the stomach, and discharging by one or more ducts into the duodenum a digestive secretion, the pancreatic juice; called in animals, when used as food, the sweetbread.
1578Banister Hist. Man v. 68 This body is called Panchreas, that is, all carnous or fleshy, for that it is made and contexed of Glandulous flesh. 1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks. Vocab., Pancreas, called in a hog the sweet bread. 1731Arbuthnot Aliments i. (1735) 15 The Pancreas is a large salivary Gland separating about a Pound of an Humour like Spittle, in twelve Hours. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 784 The Pancreas..lying across the vertebral column, between the three curvatures of the duodenum, behind the stomach, and to the right of the spleen.
b. transf. (See quots.)
1841–71T. R. Jones Anim. Kingd. (ed. 4) 475 To these secreting cæca [of Rotifera], Ehrenberg has chosen to give the name of pancreas; but..the first rudiments of a pancreas are only met with in animals far higher in the scale of animal existence. 1883E. R. Lankester in Encycl. Brit. XVI. 676/2 Upon the bile-ducts in Dibranchiata are developed yellowish glandular diverticula, which are known as ‘pancreas’, though neither physiologically nor morphologically is there any ground for considering [them]..equivalent to the glands so denominated in the Vertebrata. |