| 释义 |
▪ I. pane, n.1|peɪn|
Forms: 4–5 pan, 6 paene, paan, pein, 6–7 payn(e, 6–8 pain(e, 4– pane.
[a. F. pan (11th c. in Littré) = Pr. pan, Sp. paño, Pg. panno, It. panno:—L. pannum, acc. of pannus a cloth, a piece of cloth.]
I. A piece of cloth.
†1.
a. A cloth; a piece of cloth; any distinct portion of a garment, a lap, a skirt. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 4387 Sco drou his mantel wit þe pan,..He drou, sco held, þe tassel brak. c1320Sir Tristr. 994 Tristrem gan it wiþ hald As prince proude in pan. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love ii. ii. (Skeat) l. 29 Among pannes mouled in a wiche [whitch], in presse among clothes laid. c1450Merlin 501 Thei kneled to sir Gawein, and folded the panes of her mantels. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 234 Gif thow dwellis with the Quene, proudest in pane. c1475Partenay 5654 Which so well was Anoynted indede, That no sleue ne pane had he hole of brede. 1573–80Baret Alv. P 57 A Pane of cloth, panniculus, segmen, ῥακιον.
†b. = counterpane2. Obs.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 855 Þer beddyng watz noble, Of cortynes of clene sylk, wyth cler golde hemmez, & couertorez ful curious, with comlych panez. 1459Invent. in Paston Lett. I. 484 Item, ij blankettys, j payre of schettys. Item, j rede pane furryd withe connyngs. 1495Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 226, iij ellis of scarlot to be a pane to the Kingis bed. 1516Ibid. III. 50 For ij elne iij quartaris Inglis scarlet to be ane pane for the Kingis bede in the schip. 1578Invent. in Hunter Biggar & Ho. Fleming xxvi, Ane pein of purpour weluot freinzeit wt blak and reid silk.
†2.
a. A piece, width, or strip of cloth, of which several were joined together side by side, so as to make one cloth, curtain, or garment. Obs.
The ‘panes’ might be narrow pieces or strips of alternate or different colours (e.g. red and blue) or different materials (e.g. velvet and cloth of gold), or pieces of the same colour with lace or other trimming inserted in the seams, or (in later use) strips of the same cloth distinguished by colour or separated by lines of trimming, etc.
1480Wardr. Acc. Edw. IV (1830) 118, iiij costerings of wool paled rede and blue with rooses sonnes and crownes in every pane. 1517in Kerry St. Lawr. Reading (1883) 106 An Awter Cloth of panes of Cloth of gold & velwett imbrowdred wt archangells & floures. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 207 b, Another chamber was hanged with grene Veluet..in the middle of euery pane or pece, was a fable of Ouid in Matamorphoseos embraudered. 1592Greene Upst. Courtier in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 219 A very passing costly paire of veluet breeches, whose panes..was drawne out with the best Spanish satine. 1611Coryat Crudities 43 The Switzers weare..doublets and hose of panes, intermingled with red and yellow, and some with blew, trimmed with long puffes of yellow and blewe sarcenet rising up between the panes. 1613Chapman Masque Plays 1873 III. 92 But betwixt every pane of embroidery, went a row of white Estridge feathers. a1639T. Carew Cœl. Brit. Wks. (1824) 150 The curtain was watchet and a pale yellow in paines. 1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2170/4 One Green Satin Peticoat laced with Gold and Silver Lace, in Panes. 1694Motteux Rabelais iv. lii. (1737) 212 Breeches with Panes like the outside of a Tabor.
†b. pl. Strips made by cutting or slashing a garment longitudinally for ornamental purposes; e.g. to show the fine stuff with which it was lined, or of which an undergarment was composed. Obs.
1613Chapman Masque Plays 1873 III. 94 Wide sleeves cut in panes. a1648Ld. Herbert Life (1886) 166 Her gown was a green Turkey grogram, cut all into panes or slashes, from the shoulder and sleeves unto the foot. 1653Urquhart Rabelais i. viii. (Rtldg.) 36 They [breeches] were, within the panes, puffed out with the lining.
II. A piece, portion, or side of anything.
†3. A section or length of a wall or fence. Obs.
e.g. the length between two angles, bastions, buttresses, posts, etc.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 5188 By þat were Sarazyns..come inward..At a pan þat was broken. 1489Caxton Faytes of A. ii. xv. 119 Closed rounde about with seuen panes of strong walles. 1524Churchw. Acc. St. Giles, Reading 21 For makyng of v panys of the church pale iiijd. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. xxii. 53 Than the knyght shewed me a pane of the wall, and said, sir, se you yonder parte of the wall whiche is newer. 1530Palsgr. 251/2 Pane of a wall, pan de mur. 1672Dryden Assignation ii. ii, There's the wall; behind yond pane of it we'll set up the ladder. [1795Southey Joan Notes Wks. 1837 I. 200 (tr. Froissart) The miners..overthrew a great pane of the wall, which filled the moat where it had fallen.]
4. A side of a quadrangle, cloister, court, or town.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 1033 Vch pane of þat place had þre ȝatez. 1447Will of Hen. VI in Carter King's Coll. Cha. 13 A cloistre square the est pane conteyning in lengthe clxxv fete, and the west pane as muche. 1481Caxton Godeffroy clxxix. 264 Thyse thre castellys..were alle square, the sydes that were toward the toun were double, in suche wyse that one of the panes that was without myght be aualed vpon the walles, and thenne it shold be lyke a brydge. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus ii. 490 Ane Closter weill ouir fret..Quhairin was all thir ten Sibillais set In euerilk Pane set ay togidder thre. 1912T. D. Atkinson Eng. & Welsh Cathedrals 268 The north pane of the cloisters with its sunny aspect.
5. A flat side, face, or surface of any object having several sides: e.g. (a) the dressed side of a stone or log; (b) one of the divisions or sides of a nut or bolt-head; (c) one of the sides of the upper surface or table of a brilliant-cut diamond.
1434Indent. Fotheringhey in Dugdale Monast. (1846) VI. 1414/2 [The steeple is to be square in the lower part, and after being carried as high as the body of the church] hit shall be chaungid, and turnyd in viij panes. c1530in Gutch Coll. Cur. II. 305 Oone odar Challes with a patten gilte the foote of vj panes and in oone of theyme a Crucifixe. 1875T. Laslett Timber 74 note, Pane is the hewn or sawn surface of the log. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1601/2 Pane.., the divisions or sides of a nut or bolt-head; as, a six-paned nut, i.e. a hexagonal nut.
III. A division of a window, and derived uses.
6. a. One of the lights of a mullioned window (obs.), or a subdivision of this; now, One of the compartments of a window, etc. consisting of one sheet or square of glass held in place by a frame of lead, wood, etc.; the piece of glass itself, or of horn, paper, or the like substituted for it.
1466Paston Lett. II. 268 To the glaser for takyn owte of ii. panys of the wyndows of the schyrche. a1490Botoner Itin. (1778) 93 Item quælibet fenestra..continet 5 vel 6 pagettas, anglice panys. c1535in Yorksh. Archæol. Jrnl. (1886) IX. 322 One glasse wyndow wt iij panes of vij ffoote longe and ij foote wyde euery pane. 1607T. Walkington Opt. Glass 139 The glazier should..haue vsed him for quarrels and paines. 1662Gerbier Princ. 17 Glass Windows of small Payns. 1663― Counsel 47 Suffer no Green paines of Glasse to be mixt with white. 1709Steele Tatler No. 77 ⁋2 She had found several Panes of my Windows broken. 1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 179 Choose such panes of glass as are clear, even, and smooth. 1801Southey Thalaba vi. xxiv, Silvering panes Of pearly shell. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 754 Take now a pane of glass, and place it upon the print. 1836Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. v. 69 The windows being without glass, or even the paper panes which are often substituted. 1898G. B. Shaw Plays II. 274 The ornamental cabinet..its corner rounded off with curved panes of glass protecting shelves of..pottery.
b. fulminating pane, see fulminating ppl. a.; luminous pane or magic pane, a sheet of glass on which pieces of tin-foil, arranged in some design, are made luminous by the discharge of an electric condenser through the foil.
1894S. R. Bottone Electr. Instr. Making (ed. 6) 75 Fulminating Panes, or ‘Franklin's plates’ as they are also called, are easily made by coating both sides of a sheet of glass with tinfoil, to the extent of half of the entire surface, leaving the margins all round clear glass.
7. = panel n.1 9.
1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 34 æneas theese picturs woonderus heeded, And eeche pane throghly with stedfast phisnomye marcked. 1593Nashe Christ's T. 79 b, False counterfet panes in walls, to be opened and shut like a wicket. a1625Fletcher Elder Bro. iv. iv, He had better have stood between two panes of Wainscot. 1706Phillips, Pane, a Square of Glass, Wainscot, etc. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 136 Panel, a square or pane of thin board.
8. a. A rectangular division of some surface; one of the compartments of a chequered pattern.
1555Eden Decades 198 Diuers shietes weaued of gossampyne cotton of sundry colours, wherof two are rychely frynged with golde and precious stones,..and chekered lyke the panes of a cheste borde. 1724J. Macky Journ. thro. Eng. (N.), One wall..took up the whole length of a street, built of pains of this stone about a foot square. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1601/2 Pane,..one square of the pattern in a plaid or checker-work fabric.
b. Each of the blocks of burr-stone of which a mill-stone is constructed.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 829 The pieces of buhr-stones are..cut into parallelopipeds, called panes, which are bound with iron hoops into large millstones. 1874Knight Dict. Mech. 400/2 The separate blocks which are hooped together to form a buhr-stone are known as panes.
9. A section or plot of ground more or less rectangular in shape; spec. in Irrigation, a division of ground bounded by a feeder and an outlet-drain.
[c1480Henryson Test Cress. 427 Quhair is thy garding..with..fresshe flouris, quhilk the quene Floray Had painted plesandly in every pane.] 1819Rainbird Agric. (1849) 297 (E.D.D.) Pane,..a regular division of some sorts of husbandry work, as digging, sawing, etc. Some are saffron-panes, where saffron has been grown. 1848W. Barnes Poems Gloss. (E.D.D.), Pane, a compartment of tedded grass between the raked divisions. 1866E. Anglian N. & Q. II. 363 Pane,..used by cottagers for a garden bed, or any small piece of ground, having a defined boundary. 1879Wrightson in Cassell's Techn. Educ. vii. 23 The water trickles down the sides of the ridges, finding its way into gutters—between the elevated ‘panes’ or ‘stetches’.
10. A sheet or page of stamps.
1912Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 749/1 The print would have represented a ‘pane’ of one hundred and twenty stamps. 1916F. J. Melville Postage Stamps in Making I. xvi. 173 Where the sheet is in panes, only the pane containing the defective print is discarded. 1971D. Potter Brit. Eliz. Stamps viii. 83 From September 1967 until May 1968 only 6s booklets contained Machin Head stamps, with three panes of 4ds. Ibid. xv. 174 In those days British stamps were printed by typography, and the printers' rule placed round the edge of the panes relieved the edges of the plates from the pressure which always falls more heavily on those parts. Marginal arrows..indicate the points of division into counter book panes, less unwieldy than complete sheets.
▪ II. † pane, n.2 Obs.
[ME. a. OF. panne, pane, penne, pene, etc. (Cotgr. panne a skin, fell, or hide) = Pr. pena, penna, OSp. peña, pena, Sp. pana, in med.L. panna, penna fur, skin (Du Cange).
Referred by Diez to L. penna feather (the sense after MHG. federe downy fur or peltry); others take it as a fem. formation from L. pannus, but here the OF. form penne, pene, presents difficulty.]
1. Fur, esp. as used for a lining to a garment; a fell or skin (of ermine, sable, minever, or other fur).
a1300Floriz & Bl. 110 He lat bringe a cupe of seluere And eke a pane of meniuier. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 711 Þe panis al of fow & griis [MS. Caius riche panys of faire grys], Þe mantels weren of michel priis. c1440Promp. Parv. 381/1 Pane, of a furrure, penula,..(P. panula). 1494in Househ. Ord. (1790) 120 Item, On New-yeare's day, the King ought to weare..his pane of arms; and if his pane bee 5 ermins deepe, a Duke's ought to bee but fower. c1500Sc. Poem Heraldry 177 in Q. Eliz. Acad., etc. (1869) 100 Ȝhit sum haldis in armis ij certane thingis, Nothir metallis nor colouris to blasoune, Ermyne and werr, callit panis, bestly furring, And haldin so without other discripcioune. 1503Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. II. 236 Payit to the Quenis Maister of Wardrob for ane payn of mynever to fill furth the lynyng of the samyn..xls. 1530Palsgr. 251/2 Pane of a gray furre, panne de gris.
2. A package or bundle of furs containing a hundred skins: also called mantle.
(But this may belong to pane n.1)
[1423Rolls of Parlt. IV. 136, iii panes de Foynes, chescun contenant .c. Bestes, pris le pece xd.] 1612Bk. Customs & Valuat. Merch. in Halyburton's Ledger 305 Budge..Powtes the fur contening four pans ix li. Ibid., Calaba..seasoned the pane..x li, stag the pane..vi li.
▪ III. pane, n.3|peɪn|
[Cf. F. panne, in same sense, of uncertain origin.]
The pointed or edged end of a hammer opposite to the face; = pein.
1881Metal World No. 12. 181 What writer..has decided the proper orthography of the top part of a machinist's hammer? Some call it the ‘pane’, some write it ‘pene’, and some ‘peane’. 1883Crane Smithy & Forge 20 Some⁓times the handle is nearer to the pane or narrow end, the broad end being known as the face. 1902Marshall Metal Tools vi. 65 An engineer's ball-pane hammer... The ‘ball-pane’ is the small round knob at the back of the hammer-head, and is chiefly used for riveting.
Hence paned a., in comb., having a pane of a specified kind, as ball-paned, small-paned.
1901J. Black's Carp. & Build., Home Handicr. 30 Give every alternate tooth [of a saw] a sharp tap with a..small-paned hammer.
▪ IV. † pane, v.1 Obs.
[f. pane n.2]
trans. To border or line with fur. paned, i-paned, furred.
c1330Florice & Bl. (1857) 131 And a mantel of scarlet Ipaned al wiȝ meniuer.
▪ V. pane, v.2|peɪn|
[f. pane n.1]
1. trans. To make up (a piece of cloth, a garment) of pieces or strips of different sorts or colours, joined side by side. Chiefly in pa. pple.
1504Will of Goodyer (Somerset Ho.), iij curteynis paned bluwe & red of stamen. 1509Burgh Rec. Edinb. (1869) I. 122 That thair baneris of baith the saidis craftis be paynitt with the imagis figuris and armis of the webstaris. 1552Inv. Ch. Goods Surrey in Surrey Archæol. (1869) IV. 16 Item one aulter cloth of grene and yelow crewell pained. 1704Lond. Gaz. No. 4033/4 Lost.., 3 Damask Window-Curtains, pain'd with Orange-colour Shagareen. 1774Ann. Reg. 117/2 A rich mantle of purple, paned with white. 1861H. Ainsworth Constable of Tower (1862) 17 He wore a doublet and hose of purple velvet, paned and cut.
2. To fit (a window) with panes.
1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. II. 46/1 The Window must be grated, tho' not paned with scantling talc.
†3. To panel (a room). Obs.
1728Brice's Weekly Jrnl. 28 June 4 The other [room] wainscotted and paned with fine Dutch Canvass.
▪ VI. pane
obs. f. pain, pan n.1, penny. |