| 释义 |
panpsychism Philos.|pænˈsaɪkɪz(ə)m|
Also pampsychism.
[pan-.]
(See quot. 1901.) Hence panˈpsychic a., pertaining to or based on panpsychism; panˈpsychist, one who believes in panpsychism; also attrib. or as adj.; panpsyˈchistic a., connected with or characterized by panpsychism; panpsyˈchistically adv.
1879G. H. Lewes Mind as Function of Organism ii. 34 We must therefore pronounce against the hypothesis of Panpsychism. 1881W. James in Unitarian Rev. Nov. 415 All modern thought converges toward idealistic or, as I should rather call them, pan-psychic, conclusions. 1901Baldwin's Dict. Philos. II. 256/1 Panpsychism, the theory that all matter, or all nature, is itself psychical, or has a psychical aspect; that atoms and molecules, as well as plants and animals, have a rudimentary life of sensation, feeling, and impulse which bears the same relation to their movements..that the psychical life of human beings does to their objective activities. 1903C. A. Strong Why Mind has Body p. vi, Hence I think panpsychists are justified in maintaining that with their principles they are able to explain the connection of mind and body. Ibid., I have chosen my title with the object of putting this panpsychist pretension distinctly on record. 1904J. McCabe tr. Haeckel's Wonders of Life xv. 354 His [sc. Fechner's] system is..panpsychistic and at the same time pantheistic. 1911J. Ward Realm of Ends i. 20 To this principle pampsychism appeals. Ibid. 21 On this, the pampsychist view, Nature..resolves into a plurality of conative individuals. Ibid. iii. 62 The pampsychist..maintains..that at all events there are no things wholly inert. 1924B. Edgell Theories of Memory 133 The present writer has failed to find any link between M. Bergson's pampsychism and his individualism. 1935R. B. Perry Tht. & Char. W. James II. 443 Whether this ‘beyond’, this thing-in-itself, shall be interpreted panpsychistically, is questioned and again left unsettled. 1937A. H. Murray Philos. of James Ward v. 98 The pampsychistic solution, at which he arrives, dates back to Leibniz and earlier. 1940Mind XLIX. 43 Berkeley probably saw that pampsychism, for him, spelled pantheism. Ibid. 45 With this new background the Berkeleian immaterialism took on a new aspect; it is no longer pampsychist. 1955H. J. Koren Introd. Philos. Animate Nature i. i. 35 The ancient hylozoists..and modern panpsychists..imply or state that all things are alive. 1959Chambers's Encycl. XII. 718/2 Should pampsychism replace the older hylozoism, the truth being that the inner side of everything is its soul, the outer aspect observable by an outsider being its body? 1968F. Copleston Hist. Philos. VIII. v. xvii. 393 Neither Strong nor Drake meant to imply that stones, for instance, are conscious. Their panpsychism was linked with the idea of emergent evolution. 1973Nature 20 July 183/1 At one time he expressed panpsychic ideas, thinking there could be some consciousness even in a mug, but later was prepared to restrict it to animals with a nervous system. 1975C. L. Burt ESP & Psychol. vi. 99 Theists and panpsychists..have no qualms about ascribing minds to human beings. |