| 释义 |
‖ pao-chia|baʊdʒjɑː|
Also pao chia, paochia.
[Chinese bǎojia.]
In China, a system by which households were organized for the purposes of administration. Also attrib.
1937E. Snow Red Star over China ii. i. 50 The pao-chia system, an ancient method of controlling the peasantry..is now being widely imposed..by the Kuomintang in China and the Japanese in Manchukuo. Pao-chia literally means ‘guaranteed armour’. 1959C. K. Yang Chinese Village in Early Communist Transition vii. 103 To increase the effectiveness of governing such a large population..there had developed the system of collective responsibility, or pao chia, rooted far back in Chinese history, especially in the ‘new policy’ of the Sung prime minister Wang An-shih. 1965J. Ch'ên Mao & Chinese Revolution (1967) i. xi. 246 In the ‘orderly’ areas, they used the age-old system of collective responsibility known as the pao⁓chia—every 100 families were organized into a chia and every 1,000 families into a pao in which all members were made responsible for each other's actions. 1973T. R. Tregear Chinese iii. 68 Law and order are maintained very largely through a modification of the old pao chia system by which every group of ten households was held responsible for the behaviour of its own members. |