| 释义 |
passivate, v.|ˈpæsɪveɪt|
[f. passive a. and n. + -ate3.]
a. trans. To render (metal) passive (passive a. 7 b), e.g. to prevent corrosion.
1913Chem. News 28 Nov. 259/1 We assume the passive state of metals (which can be passivated) to be the normal state. 1916Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CIX. 1365 Hittorf has passivated chromium by anodic treatment in hydriodic acid. 1961Flight LXXIX. 747/1 All surfaces that are to be in contact with HTP [sc. High Test Peroxide] must be ‘passivated’ to prevent surface decomposition. 1967Times Rev. Industry Apr. 80/1 Unpainted non-stainless steel parts are cadmium plated and passivated for use at temperatures below 200 degrees centigrade. 1973Sci. Amer. June 119/2 The brass or iron piping and fittings you use must be degreased, nitrogen-purged and passivated in a dilute stream of the fluorine, allowed to enter slowly enough to form a metal-fluoride film on the surface.
b. To give (semiconducting material) a protective coating of some relatively inert material in order to protect it from contamination.
1964IBM Jrnl. Res. & Devel. VIII. 368 (heading) Space-charge model for surface potential shifts in silicon passivated with thin insulating layers. 1969Gray & Searle Electronic Princ. v. 176 The oxide layer is said to passivate the semiconductor surface. 1972Planer & Phillips Thick Film Circuits xi. 123 Active devices..are passivated with a layer of glass or silicon monoxide.
Hence ˈpassivated ppl. a., ˈpassivating vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1914Trans. Faraday Soc. IX. 261 The amount of hydrogen..is too small to counteract the passivating action of the potassium hydroxide. 1919H. P. Tiemann Iron & Steel (ed. 2) 364 Iron in this condition has been termed passive, passivated, passivified, inactive, altered, or prepared. 1941Nature 28 June 803/1 An electro-formed nickel-surfaced mould is..made and a coat of nickel..applied to the outer passivated nickel face. 1959C. F. Corfe in Control in Electroplating iii. 57 (heading) Passivating dips. 1963Engineering 27 Dec. 814/1 Passivated and hardened stainless steel is used for the housings. 1967Electronics 6 Mar. 281/2 The silicon planar passivated construction employed provides long-term parameter stability. 1974J. A. von Fraunhofer Concise Corrosion Sci. viii. 79 Nitrates are poor passivating agents since they..are only sluggishly reduced. 1978Gramophone Jan. 1334/3 The main chassis is constructed from passivated steel. |