| 释义 |
paternity|pəˈtɜːnɪtɪ|
[a. F. paternité (12th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. paternitātem, f. paternus: see paternal and -ity.]
1. a. The quality or condition of being a father; the relation of a father; fatherhood.
1582Bentley Mon. Matrones ii. 6 This truth maketh hir to feele that there is in thee true paternitie. 1582N.T. (Rhem.) Eph. iii. 15 The Father of our Lord Iesus Christ, of whom al paternitie in the heauens and in earth is named. a1667Jer. Taylor Serm. III. iv. (R.), Where a spiritual paternity is evident: we need look no further for spiritual government. 1786tr. Beckford's Vathek 23 Having been spared the cares as well as the honour of paternity. 1869Goulburn Purs. Holiness vii. 57 That most comfortable truth, the Paternity of God.
†b. The rule or government of the father; patriarchal rule. Obs.
1614Raleigh Hist. World i. (1634) 159 That he [Nimrod] first brake the rule of Eldership and Paternity. 1711Hickes Two Treat. Christ. Priesth. (1847) II. 287 It is not only an empire but a paternity.
2. The quality or personality of an ecclesiastical father: used as a title, Your Paternity, His Paternity; also, † an ecclesiastical father, a monk or priest (obs.).
1432–43Petit. to Bp. of Bath in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1827) I. Introd. 24 Plese on to you gracyous lord of your reverent paternyte, and of youre hye gracyous lordschip to considere [etc.]. 1629Wadsworth Sp. Pilgr. iii. 11 Thay tooke their leaue of them and the rest of the paternities, and returned into their owne Couents. Ibid. 16 Whether their paternities had better eate flesh or fish. 1855R. Boyle Boyle versus Wiseman 47 His Paternity coincides with the opinion which I had entertained.
3. The paternal relation viewed from the standpoint of the child; paternal origin or descent.
1868Gladstone Juv. Mundi v. (1870) 137 The foreign paternity of a group of distinguished men who had cast their lot in that country. 1882‘Ouida’ Maremma I. iii. 69 She resolved..to keep the secret of the baby's paternity from all.
4. fig. Authorship, source, origin (of a work).
1827Scott Introd. Chron. Canongate, These Novels of Waverley, the paternity of which was likely at one time to have formed a controversy of some celebrity. 1854Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Quot. & Orig. Wks. (Bohn) III. 215 Many of the historical proverbs have a doubtful paternity.
5. attrib. and Comb., as paternity case, paternity leave, paternity suit; paternity test, a blood test used to assess or discount the likelihood of paternity in a particular case; hence paternity-testing vbl. n.
1940D. Maccarthy Drama 104 In the opening scene we have seen him confronted, as a soldier in authority, with a paternity case he cannot solve.
1973Guardian 4 June 9/1 Imagine the day when firms allow their male employees paternity leave to be with their wives during the last part of their pregnancies and the first days in the life of their children. 1975Times 12 Mar. 3/1 The Greater London Council..agreed tonight that fathers on their staff should normally be allowed up to five days paternity leave. 1977Spare Rib June 18/3 We're also now pressing for paternity leave, realising it's a joint thing.
1975J. McClure Snake viii. 108 See a doctor, get some pills... Paternity suits I don't contest, madam. 1977D. Anthony Stud Game iii. 21, I can imagine the damage a paternity suit would do. But I'm broke, and the baby's due in less than five months.
1926R. J. E. Scott Gould's Med. Dict. 773/2 Mayoral and Jiminez paternity test. 1943D. Harley Medico-Legal Blood Group Determination vi. 44 (heading) Paternity tests. 1960I. A. Stanton Dict. for Med. Secretaries 113/1 Paternity test, blood comparison tests to rule out the possibility of paternity.
1968F. E. Camps Grandwohl's Legal Med. (ed. 2) xiii. 171/1 Anti-S [antibody] has been found sufficiently often for it to be used economically for paternity testing. 1972B. Knight Legal Aspects Med. Practice xxiii. 196 Certain haemoglobin-binding proteins in human serum, called haptoglobins, can be detected by electrophoresis... Their inheritance is..determined on fixed genetic principles, thus making them of use in paternity testing. |