| 释义 |
▪ I. perforate, ppl. a.|ˈpɜːfərət|
[ad. L. perforāt-us, pa. pple. of perforāre: see perforate v.]
= perforated: construed as pple. and as adj.
1540–1Elyot Image Gov. 40 Suche abuses can not be longe hidde from princes, that haue theyr eares perforate (as is the prouerb). 1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. C ij b/1 Applyede cleane through the perforate tonge. 1626Bacon Sylva §470 An Earthen Pot perforate at the Bottom to let in the Plant. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. Introd., The teeth are serrate and sharp, and two are..perforate, by which they ejaculate their poyson. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 33 Alyssum..septum entire or perforate.
▪ II. perforate, v.|ˈpɜːfəreɪt|
[f. L. perforāt-, ppl. stem of perforāre to bore through, pierce through; f. per- 1 + forā-re to bore, pierce.]
1. trans. To make a hole or holes right through; to pierce with a pointed instrument or projectile; to bore through; spec. to make rows or series of small holes or perforations separating coupons, stamps, etc., in a sheet.
1538Elyot Dict., Inforo..to perforate or make a hole. 1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 26 b/1 We should perforate or thrust them throughe. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. iv. vi. 194 We tooke out the guts and bladder, and also perforated the Cranium. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 407 Worms will perforate the Guts. 1772–84Cook's Voy. (1790) V. 1799 Some of them..perforate the lower-lip into separate holes. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1668/2 The machine will perforate 250 sheets [of postage stamps] per hour, and the punches and holes are adjustable for stamps of different sizes. 1876Preece & Sivewright Telegraphy §120 Key a causes 1, 2, and 3 to perforate the paper in one vertical line. 1891‘Phil’ Penny Post. Jubilee 73 The red penny was first issued imperforated... Later [1854] it was perforated with fifteen oval holes. 1896Times 16 Dec. 5/2 The wounds..showed that the destruction of bone and tissue perforated by the new bullet was tremendous.
b. To make a hole or holes into the interior of (a thing); to bore into; to make an opening into.
1712Blackmore Creation i. 20 Tell, what could drill and perforate the Poles, And to th' attractive Rays adapt their Holes? 1856Stanley Sinai & Pal. ix. 337 Large caves..still perforate the rocky sides of the hill. 1863Bates Nat. Amazon II. 96 The ground is perforated with the entrances to their subterranean galleries.
c. To ‘pass through’ in position (cf. pass v. 1 d); to extend or be continued through the substance of.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 242 Dark passages, with which this old city is perforated, like an ancient cheese. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 510 [The nerve] descends obliquely outwards, perforates the glutæus maximus muscle,..and expands upon its posterior surface. 1840G. Ellis Anat. 56 The divisions of the eighth nerve..again perforate the dura mater through smaller openings.
2. To form (a hole, etc.) by boring or punching.
1876Preece & Sivewright Telegraphy §120 The punches which perforate these holes in the paper.
3. intr. To penetrate, make its way into or through something; to make a perforation.
1775Sterne's Sent. Journ. Contin. III. 179 Casting a most amorous leer through those beautiful eye-lashes, which penetrated farther than I thought it possible for a single look to perforate. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 975 The stomach..may become adherent to the transverse colon into which the ulcer perforates.
b. In pass. sense: To suffer perforation, to become perforated.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 889 The cysts are apt to perforate and to burst. |