| 释义 |
peridot|ˈpɛrɪdɒt|
Forms: 4 peridod, (penitot), 4–5 peritot(e, (pelidod(de), 5 perydo, perydote, -tote; 8–9 peridot(e, (9 peritot).
[a. F. péridot, in OF. peritot (1220 in Du Cange), peridol, -don, peredo, pelido (Godef.), in med. (Anglo-)L. peradota (1272 in Du Cange).
The uncertain forms and foreign appearance of the word have suggested an Oriental origin; but there appears to be no valid basis for the conjecture of its identity with Arabic farīdat ‘pearl, precious stone’.]
†a. In ME., A name of the chrysolite. Obs. (bef. 1500).
b. (From Fr. after 1700.) A jeweller's term for the variety of chrysolite called olivine.
[1265Wardrobe Acc. on Pipe Roll 53 Hen. III m. 2 dorso, j Iaspis cum cassa et j anulus cum peridota et j saphirus. 1348Test. Ebor. (Surtees) I. 51 Unum anulum cum peridod imposito. 1358Ibid. 70 Annulum meum aureum cum lapide vocato pelidod.] 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1472 Penitotes, & pynkardines, ay perles bitwene. c1400Mandeville (1839) xx. 219 The grene ben of Emeraudes, of Perydos [F. peridoz], and of Crisolytes. c1400Siege of Troy 1496 in Archiv neu. Spr. LXXII. 47 With Charbuncles that shynes bryght And Perytotes of moche myght. c1420Anturs of Arth. xxxi. (Irel. MS.), His polans with his pelidoddes were poudert to pay. c1460Emare 155 Deamondes and koralle, Perydotes and crystall, And gode garnettes bytwene.
b.1706Phillips, Peridot (Fr.), a precious Stone of a greenish Colour. 1788tr. Cronstedt's Min. (ed. 2) I. 142 The oriental crysolite and peridot are the very same gem. 1811Pinkerton Petral. II. 31 The common chrysolite, or peridot of the French. 1877W. Jones Finger-ring 247 A gold ring with a stone called Peritot. 1885Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 534/1 Peridote, a name applied by jewellers to the green transparent varieties of olivine. When yellow, or yellowish-green, the stone is generally known as ‘chrysolite’.
attrib.1874Dawkins in Ess. Owens Coll. Maunch. v. 136 Identity of composition may be traced between the meteorite of Chassigny and the peridot rock of New Zealand.
Hence periˈdotic a., pertaining to, of the nature of, or containing peridot.
1880Mineral. Mag. III. p. ix (heading) On some peridotic rocks from the island of St. Paul's. 1891Murray & Renard in Rep. Sci. Results Voy. H.M.S. Challenger: Deep-Sea Deposits vi. 374 Manganese is rarer in these rocks, but is found as a constituent of pyroxenic, amphibolic, and peridotic minerals. |