| 释义 |
persecute, v.|ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt|
Also 6 persequut(e, -kute, parsecute.
[a. F. persécute-r (Oresme, 14th c.), f. L. persecūt-, ppl. stem of persequī to pursue, follow with hostility or malignity, f. per- 1, 2 + sequī to follow. (Littré and Hatz.-Darm. derive F. persécuter immed. from persécuteur.)]
†1. To pursue, chase, hunt, drive (with missiles, or with attempts to catch, kill, or injure). Obs.
c1477Caxton Jason 8 b, Iason and Hercules persecuted them with their arowes as long as they dured. 1535Coverdale Josh. viii. 17 They lefte the cite stondinge open, that they mighte persecute Israel. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utop. ii. (1895) 260 Theire enemies..haue persecuted them flying, some one way and some an other. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 416 With Balearick Slings, or Gnossian Bow, To persecute from far the flying Doe.
†b. To follow up, pursue, prosecute (a subject); to carry out, go through with. Obs.
1546Langley tr. Pol. Verg. De Invent. i. viii, My purpose is onely to speak of the Inventers,..not to persecute the particulars. a1661Fuller Worthies, Linc. (1662) 144 Such persecute the Metaphor too much.
2. To pursue with malignancy or enmity and injurious action; esp. to oppress with pains and penalties for the holding of a belief or opinion held to be injurious or heretical.
1482Caxton Trevisa's Higden iv. xiii. 200 b, [He] refreyned hym in many thynges, and in especial that he shold not persecute ne greue cristen men. 1526Tindale Matt. v. 11 Blessed are ye when men shall revyle you, and persecute you,..ffor my sake. ― John v. 16 And therfore the iewes did persecute Jesus, and sought the meanes to slee hym. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xlii. 276 In a place where the Civill Power did persecute, or not assist the Church. 1689Popple tr. Locke's 1st Let. Toleration 12 That the Church of Christ should persecute others,..I could never yet find in any of the Books of the New Testament. 1779Burke Corr. (1844) II. 269 Though I am..a very attached son of the Church of England, I think myself bound not to wish to persecute you. 1784Cowper Task iii. 309 Some contagion, kind to the poor brutes We persecute. 1832Tennyson You ask me why 17 Should banded unions persecute Opinion, and induce a time When single thought is civil crime. 1880L. Stephen Pope ii. 58 The belief that a man is persecuted by hidden conspirators is one of the common symptoms in [insanity].
3. To harass, trouble, vex, worry; to importune.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. ii, [He] was taken with a grieuous sickenes, which persecuted him so violently, that men dispayred of his life. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 310 By labouring in the Heat of the Day to get over the Mountains, we were persecuted with Diary Fevers. 1742Pope Dunc. iv. 260 He may..Plague with Dispute, or persecute with Rhyme. 1879G. Meredith Egoist xlix, ‘Which is the cause of your persecuting me to become your wife!’
4. To prosecute (a person, † or suit) at law. Now only a dialectal or humorous substitution for prosecute v.
1484Caxton Curiall 4 b, Peple whyche by fraude and franchyse studye for to drawe from one and other suche wordes by whiche they may persecute them. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 271 He wyll persecute his suite against the Byshop. 1655Stanley Hist. Philos. iii. (1701) 124/1 Crito in pursuit of this Counsel made choice of Archidamus, an excellent Lawyer, but poor, who being obliged by his gifts and kindness, persecuted eagerly all such as molested not him only, but any of his friends. 1784dial. in N.W. Linc. Gloss. s.v., ‘Hoever is taken in the fact shall be percicuted according to law, by the parish expens’. 1866J. E. Brogden Provinc. Words Linc. (E.D.D.), ‘Trespassers will be persecuted’. Notice near the Foss-dyke, Lincoln.
Hence ˈpersecuted ppl. a., ˈpersecuting vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1542Bale Manne of Synne 37 This cruell persecutynge, thys murtherynge of innocentes. 1552Huloet, Persecuted, persequutus. 1697Dryden Eneid xii. 1087 The deep⁓mouth'd hound..following still..The persecuted creature, to and fro. 1709Stanhope Paraphr. IV. 119 The blaspheming, the persecuting Saul. 1781Cowper Expost. 278 Thou that hast set the persecuted free. 1855Pusey Doctr. Real Presence Note R. 267 The new-made Christian was taken to the persecuting Emperor Diocletian. |