| 释义 |
▪ I. persuade, v.|pəˈsweɪd|
Also 6–8 perswade, (6 Sc. -swaid, -suaid, -suaed).
[ad. L. persuādēre to bring over by talking, induce, f. per- 1 or 2 + suādēre to advise, recommend, urge as desirable: see suade, suasion; perh. immediately from F. persuader, in Oresme 14th c., but not in general use until 16th c.]
I. To persuade a person.
1. a. trans. To induce (a person) to believe something; to lead to accept a statement, doctrine, fact, etc.; to win to a belief or assurance. Const. that (a thing is so), formerly sometimes acc. and inf. (a thing to be so); of (a fact, etc.), rarely into, † to, out of, † from (a belief, etc.). Somewhat arch.
1513More Rich. III Wks. 40 In youth,..which is lighte of beliefe and sone perswaded. 1538Starkey England i. ii. 29 Yf hyt [i.e. the will] be persuadyd that gud ys yl, and yl gud. a1555Ridley Lament. Churche (1566) B viij, They are perswaded it to be truth. 1581Mulcaster Positions vi. (1887) 41, I would take paines to perswade them by argumentes. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa iii. 156 These..perswade women that they can foretell them their fortune. c1637A. Wright in Hist. Papers (Roxb.) i. Introd. 6 The villanous humour of Jago when he persuades Othello to his jealousy. 1647Trapp Comm. 1 Cor. viii. 7 No mans speech..shall ever perswade me from that opinion. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxv. 132 To perswade their Hearers of the Utility..of following their advise. 1691–8Norris Pract. Disc. (1711) III. 39 Men must oftentimes be persuaded out of their Senses, before they can be persuaded into Sense. 1777Sheridan Sch. Scand. iii. iii, They'll persuade me presently I'm at Bengal. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) I. Pref. 31 He could not be persuaded that it actually was only the 24th of January. 1823T. C. Grattan Father's Curse i, I could not have been persuaded to the contrary by a host of cynical philosophers. 1844Lady G. C. Fullerton Ellen Middleton xi, We could persuade her out of those notions.
b. refl. To bring oneself to believe, convince oneself; to arrive at a certain or assured belief; to become or be sure.
1542Udall in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 4, I cannot persuad myself that your maistershipp hateth in me..any thyng excepte vices. 1557N. T. (Genev.) Heb. vi. 9 We haue perswaded our selues better things of you [1611 Bible, Wee are perswaded better things of you]. 1604Shakes. Oth. ii. iii. 223, I perswade my selfe, to speake the truth Shall nothing wrong him. c1625Milton Death Fair Infant v, Yet can I not perswade me thou art dead. 1718J. Chamberlayne Relig. Philos. Pref. (1730) 28 Perswading themselves..that their own Hypotheses will serve them. 1873Black Pr. Thule ii, Persuading oneself that men and women are to be studied in that fashion.
c. pa. pple. Led to believe, brought to the belief; ‘convinced’, assured, certain, sure.
1553Eden Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.) 24 The hole nacion is perswaded that they greatly excel all other men. c1595Capt. Wyatt R. Dudley's Voy. W. Ind. (Hakl. Soc.) 9 Wee had sight of a saile..the which wee weare perswaded was one of our consorts. 1678Bunyan Pilgr. i. 152, I have a Key..that will, I am persuaded, open any Lock in Doubting Castle. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 15 Fully perswaded of the truth of it themselves. 1790Paley Horæ Paul. Rom. i. 10 No one, I am persuaded, will suspect that this clause was put into St. Paul's defence. 1852H. Rogers Ecl. Faith (1853) 282, I am thoroughly persuaded that the notion..is a fallacy.
d. absol. To convince, be convincing, carry conviction; to use persuasion.
1673O. Walker Educ. (1677) 174 Such as perswade as well as delight. 1714Steele's Poet. Misc. 29 The charming Youth Perswades with so much Eloquence and Truth. 1892Stevenson & L. Osborne Wrecker 269 His strong sterling face progressively and silently persuaded of his full knowledge.
2. a. To induce or win over (a person) to an act or course of action; to draw the will of (another) to something, by inclining his judgement or desire to it; to prevail upon, or urge successfully, to do something. Const. to with inf. (formerly sometimes that with subord. cl.); to, unto, into (an action, etc.); also from, out of (= to dissuade successfully); away from (a belief, etc.), down to (a place, etc.), off (an intention, place, etc.).
1513More Rich. III Wks. 41 The Quene being in this wise perswaded, such woorde sente vnto her sonne, and vnto her brother. 1526Tindale Matt. xxvii. 20 The chefe preestes..had parswaded the people that they shulde axe Barrabas. 1579W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue 6 Yet saw he not a reason to perswade him to let Israell go. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xii. 14 [He] vsed al the meanes he coulde to perswade me from it. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 70 To perswade him to the use thereof. a1648Ld. Herbert Hen. VIII (1683) 218 He had accorded divers other conditions, which no other persons could have persuaded him unto. 1771T. Hull Sir W. Harrington I. 121 To persuade the lady into a private marriage. a1774Goldsm. Hist. Greece I. 381 To persuade the young and old against too much love for the body. 1777C. Reeve Champion of Virtue 30 Let it be kept from my two cousins.., if they offer to be of the party I will persuade them off it. 1857Geo. Eliot Scenes Clerical Life, Janet's Repent. vii, Persuading my clients away from me. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. i. vi, Be persuaded into being respectable and happy. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 128 The man was persuaded to open the door. 1895‘G. Mortimer’ Like Stars that Fall ii. 17, I wish you'd just try to persuade Lou off a silly idea she's just got hold of. 1941A. L. Rowse Tudor Cornwall xiv. 348 The object of which was to persuade him away from his stand for catholicism. 1959M. Shadbolt New Zealanders 12 He..persuaded his brother off the waterfront to look after the herd for six months. Ibid. 218 I've been trying to persuade Izzy down to the city for the last five years.
b. absol. (See also 8.)
1577Earl of Leicester in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. II. 373 We all do what we can, to persuade from any progress at all. 1602Daniel Civ. Wars ii. xxv, A sufficient motive to persuade. 1846G. F. Graham Eng. Synonyms (1862) 216 In order to persuade, we address the feelings and the imagination. In order to convince, we address the reasoning faculty.
c. To get by or as by persuasion, to ‘coax’. nonce-use.
1887Nicolay & Hay A. Lincoln I. i. (1890) 25 It required..earnest and intelligent industry to persuade a living out of those barren hillocks and weedy hollows.
†3. To seek to induce (a person) to (or from) a belief, a course of action, etc.; to assure, try to convince, ‘impress upon’ (one) that; to urge, plead with, advise or counsel strongly; with from, etc., to advise against a course, to dissuade. Const. as in 1 and 2. Obs.
1525Abp. Warham in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. I. 371 In caas they finde any maner of sticking or difficultie in thayme, not to wade verey far to persuade thayme. 1538Starkey England i. ii. 52 Men of gret wytt..began to persuade the rest of the pepul to forsake that rudnes and vncomly lyfe. 1590Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 6 They perswaded him with great vehemence, that it was verie meete and conuenient. 1675Wood Life (O.H.S.) II. 332, I persuaded the society to set it above the arches, but I was not then heard. 1796Coleridge Lett., to T. Poole (1895) 186 That I should find you earnestly and vehemently persuading me to prefer Acton to Stowey. 1801― to Southey 362 Dr. Fenwick has earnestly persuaded me to try horse-exercise.
II. To persuade a thing.
†4. To induce belief of (a fact, statement, opinion, etc.); to lead one to think or believe; to prove, demonstrate. Const. with simple obj., or obj. clause (with that, or acc. and inf.); and with to, unto, or simple dative of person. Obs.
1528G. de Cassalis, etc. Let. Wolsey in Strype Eccl. Mem. I. App. xxiii. 46 It was wel known and persuaded to the Kings Highnes and your Gr. of the gret zeal, love, and affection that his Holynes bearith towards them both. Ibid. 49 It hath been persuaded to the Pope,..that there is no way to delyver Italy of war, but to commence it in some other place. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 225 We shall..perswade theim the rather the truthe of our cause. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 292 b, Surely if Osorius can perswade that to be true, he shall beare the bell away. a1643Ld. Falkland, etc. Infallibility (1646) 97 The grossest errours, if they..be but new, may be perswaded to the multitude. 1685tr. Bossuet's Doctr. Cath. Ch. ii. 3 This is what they endeavour to perswade.
5. To induce the doing or practice of (an act, course of action, etc.) by argument, entreaty, or the like; to lead one to do or practise; to urge successfully upon one; to induce or lead to by reasoning, etc. Const. simple obj., rarely obj. clause; with to, unto, or simple dative of person. arch.
1538Bale Thre Lawes 11 Perswadynge all truth, dysswadynge all iniury. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 18 b, A philosophier..persuadyng the contempte of golde & siluer. 1560Whitehorne Arte Warre (1573) 65 To perswade or to diswade a thing vnto fewe is verye easie. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iii. iii. 176 Your King..Sends me a Paper to perswade me Patience? 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lx. (1739) 118 The Taxes..were rather perswaded than imposed upon them. a1677Barrow Contentedness (1714) 43 Rational considerations, apt..to persuade Contentedness. 1753L. M. Accomplished Woman II. 294 But what need..of so many arguments to persuade that which is so conformable to their disposition? 1840J. H. Newman Ch. of Fathers vii. 104 (tr. Let. of St. Basil), I know letters are but feeble instruments to persuade so great a thing.
†6. To commend (a statement, opinion, etc.) to acceptance, to urge as credible or true; to inculcate; to go to prove, make probable. Const. as in 4. Obs.
1537tr. Latimer's 1st Serm. bef. Convoc. A vij, They haue a wonderfulle prety example, to perswade this thynge. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 234 Thei persuaded not to hym the thynge that were false. 1553Kennedy Compend. Tract. in Wodrow Soc. Misc. (1844) 105 The Jewis perswaded circumcisioun to be necessare with Baptime. 1588Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China 128 There was none that better coulde..perswade with His Majestie the great importance of that ambassage. 1611Bible Acts xix. 8 Disputing and perswading the things concerning the Kingdom of God. a1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. vi. 127 Evidences of probability strongly perswading the same Truth. 1687G. Towerson Baptism 113 The former of these perswading Men's being under sin from some inward principle.
†7. To commend to adoption, advise, counsel, advocate, recommend (an act, course of action, etc.). Const. as in 5. Obs.
1525Abp. Warham in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. I. 371 Muche medling and persuading this Matier to come to effecte. 1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. (1594) 584 Megabyses..perswaded the oligarchicall government. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physick. 44 Physicians perswade that..the Artery shall be cut crosse asunder. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. Manual i. vi. 312 In Diseases of the Head (if the Circulation did not perswade the contrary) the opening of the Cephalick Vein would help a little more. 1781Madan Thelyph. III. 326 He always perswades a public marriage.
III. 8. intr. To use persuasion; to plead, expostulate, use inducements to win over to some opinion or some course of action; to do this successfully, to succeed in bringing over or inducing.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 84 He wyll make other persones to couer his offence..or perswade & entreate for hym. 1532Becon Pomaunder of Prayer Wks. (1560) ii. 215 The world perswaded vnto vanytyes. 1603Shakes. Meas. for M. v. i. 93 How I perswaded, how I praid, and kneel'd. 1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. vi. 176 Barber-Chirurgeons sometimes perswade to it. 1798Landor Gebir i. 72 He went, nor slumber'd in the sultry noon When viands, couches, generous wines, persuade.
IV. to persuade with.
†9.
a. To use persuasion with, expostulate with, plead with; sometimes, to prevail with. Obs.
1581Rich Farewell (1846) 179 Not doubtyng but..that he hymself would so perswade with his brother, that she should bee heard to speake in her owne defence. 1593Nashe Christ's T. 2 Iesus, whom hee sent from Heauen to perswade with these Hus-band-men. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iii. ii. 283 The Magnificoes Of greatest port haue all perswaded with him. 1636E. Dacres tr. Machiavel's Disc. Livy I. 235 A good man may easily have the meanes to perswade with a licentious and tumultuous people, and so reduce them to reason. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 62 Whoever they could perswade with, they made so too.
b. fig. Of a thing: To have influence or weight with; to prevail or avail with. Obs.
1618Let. in Rushw. Hist. Coll. (1659) I. 10 You and I well know, that this stile most perswades with them. 1622Mabbe tr. Aleman's Guzman d'Alf. i. 146, I saw..that neither perswasions, nor protestations would perswade with her. 1643Trapp Comm. Gen. xxxiv. 23 Profit perswades mightily with the multitude.
†10.
a. with clause (with that or equivalent) in senses 4 and 6. Obs.
1535Cranmer Let. to Cromwell in Misc. Writ. (Parker Soc.) II. 304, I cannot persuade with myself that he so much tendereth the king's cause as he doth his own. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) Pref., These..perswaded with them what was good, what was bad, and was gainfull for man⁓kinde. 1651R. Vaughan in Ussher's Lett. (1686) 561 This Evidence doth perswade with me, that Cadwalader went to Rome far before Anno 680.
b. with obj. clause or infin. expressing purpose, in sense 7. Obs.
c1540tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (Camden) I. 161 Quendreda..wente abowte to persuade with her husbande that he should murthere Ethelbertus. 1565T. Stapleton Fortr. Faith 59 S. Augustin persuadeth with him to leaue the Manichees. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 406 His friends perswaded with him that voluntarily, he would..give over this violent and lordly rule. 1637Heylin Brief Answ. Burton 61 His Doctors..perswaded with him..to vent that humour.
▪ II. † perˈsuade, n. Obs. rare.
[f. prec.]
An act of persuading; persuasion.
1590T. Watson Eglogue Death Walsingham 421 Thy learnd persuades command my sorrow cease. 1626Faithful Friends i. i, The king's entreats, Persuades of friends..can [not] move him. |