| 释义 |
‖ pharmakos|ˈfɑːməkɒs|
Pl. pharmakoi.
[Gr. ϕαρµακός scapegoat.]
In ancient Greece, a scapegoat chosen in atonement for a crime or misfortune. Also transf. in allusive use.
1903J. E. Harrison Proleg. Study Greek Relig. iii. 104 The pharmakos is killed then, not because his death is a vicarious sacrifice, but because he is so infected and tabooed that his life is a practical impossibility. 1923A. Le Marchant Greek Relig. to Time of Hesiod iv. 25 A ceremony in which two men called Pharmakoi, decked with branches, were led out of the city. 1926J. Buchan Dancing Floor ii. 42 You have your purgation herbs like buckthorn and agnus castus, and you have your pharmakos, your scapegoat, who carries away all impurities. 1957N. Frye Anat. Crit. 41 The figure of a typical or random victim begins to crystallize in domestic tragedy as it deepens in ironic tone. We may call this typical victim the pharmakos or scapegoat. |