| 释义 |
pharyngal, a. (and n.)|fəˈrɪŋgəl|
[f. mod.L. pharynx pharynx + -al1.]
= next. Hence as n. = pharyngal vowel or consonant.
1835Kirby Hab. & Inst. Anim. I. x. 303 The wheel animals in which Ehrenberg detected pharyngal ganglions. 1867A. J. Ellis E.E. Pronunc. i. iii. 71 The widening of the pharyngal aperture. 1887Benson Univ. Phonogr. 11 The vowels [may be divided] into Five Pharyngals: Five Orals: Five Diphthongs. Ibid. 12 The Pharyngals in Et, At, Aht, Ot, Ut, are heard. Ibid. 13 All these Pharyngal vowels are best uttered with the mouth quite open. 1925W. H. T. Gairdner Phonetics of Arabic iv. 27 [ħ]..is a pharyngal unvoiced fricative. 1925W. H. T. Gairdner Phonetics of Arabic iv. 27 We are faced with two difficulties in regard to the two pharyngals ħ and ʕ. 1931G. Noël-Armfield Gen. Phonetics (ed. 4) xviii. 107 Two very difficult plosive sounds for English people..are the Arabic (or Hebrew) qaf and its voiced correspondent. They are somewhat similar to [k] and [g] respectively... These consonants, though usually termed uvular, would be better regarded as pharyngal. 1950D. Jones Phoneme p. xiii, ħ, breathed pharyngal fricative. 1964Language XL. 501 A series of pharyngal stops, plain and labialized, aspirated and glottalized.
Hence phaˈryngalization = pharyngealization; phaˈryngalized ppl. a. = pharyngealized ppl. a.
1931G. Noël-Armfield Gen. Phonetics (ed. 4) 186 (Index), Pharyngalised consonants. 1949Trans. Philol. Soc. 1948 148 All the għ spellings..are realized as long slightly pharyngalized vowels. 1964R. Kingdon in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 115 Secondary articulations such as..pharyngalization. |