| 释义 |
pheme|fiːm|
[ad. Gr. ϕήµη words, speech.]
A term used by the American philosopher, C. S. Peirce (1839–1914), for words in an utterance as they make up a grammatical unit in language, contrasted with words used in speech to convey sense (see rheme, seme).
1906C. S. Peirce in Monist XVI. 506 By a Pheme I mean a Sign which is equivalent to a grammatical sentence, whether it be Interrogative, Imperative, or Assertory... Such a Sign is intended to have some sort of compulsive effect on the interpreter of it. 1923Ogden & Richards Meaning of Meaning 438 We are introduced to Semes, Phemes, and Delomes. 1931G. Stern Meaning & Change of Meaning iii. 31 Meaning is a property peculiar not only to what we traditionally call words, but also to parts of words, e.g. the genitive ending in man's... As a comprehensive term..Vendryes..has proposed sémantème, and C. S. Peirce, quoted by Ogden-Richards..has seme and pheme. 1955J. L. Austin How to do Things with Words (1962) viii. 97 The same pheme (token of the same type) may be used on different occasions of utterance with a different sense or reference, and so be a different rheme... The pheme is a unit of language... But the rheme is a unit of speech. |