| 释义 |
phen-, pheno-
formative element in Chem., (for phæn(o-) f. Gr. ϕαινο- shining, ϕαίν-ειν to bring to light, cause to appear, show; ϕαίν-εσθαι to come to light, appear. First used by the French chemist Laurent, 1841, in ‘hydrate de phényle’ and ‘acide phénique’, names which he applied to the substance subsequently called phenol. These names referred to the fact that the substance was a coal-tar product, arising from the manufacture of illuminating gas. Hence phen-, pheno- was gradually used as the basis of the names of all the bodies derived from benzene (i.e. phenyl hydride, which French chemists proposed to call phène). See phene, phenic, phenocoll, phenol, etc. below; also the following:
phenacetin |fɪˈnæsɪtɪn|, the acetyl derivative of phenetidin, the ethylic ether of paramidophenol, hence called also para-acet-phenidin, C6H4·OC2H5·NH(CH3CO); it occurs in white shining crystals, without taste or odour, and is used as an antipyretic. † phenamide |ˈfɛnəmaɪd|, a synonym of phenylamide or aniline. † pheˈnamylol: see quot. pheˈnanthraquiˌnone, a substance, (C6H4·CO)2, related to phenanthrene, crystallizing in shining orange yellow needles. pheˈnanthrene, a solid hydrocarbon, (C6H4·CH)2, prepared from crude anthracene (with which it is isomeric), crystallizing in colourless shining laminæ. ˈphenazine, C6H4·N2·C6H4, crystallizing in long yellowish needles. ˈphenazon, a febrifuge prepared from coal-tar, called also antipyrin. pheˈnetidin, the ethyl derivative of amidophenol. ˈphenetole (also -ol) [a. G. phenetol (A. Cahours 1850, in Ann. d. Chem. u. Pharm. LXXIV. 314)], ethyl phenyl ether, or phenate of ethyl, C2H5.OC6H5, a volatile aromatic-smelling liquid; hence phenetole red = coccinin, C14H12O3.
1889Pall Mall G. 29 Apr. 3/1 The coal-tar ‘analgesic’..*Phenacetin, a..white powder, which has direct action on..neuralgia, and which presumably is a narcotic. 1891Lancet 3 Oct. 771. 1896 Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 242 The newer analgesics—antipyrin, antifebrin, and phenacetin.
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 570 Phenate of amyl, *Phenamylole.
1881Athenæum 26 Mar. 433/1 On the Action of Aldehydes on *Phenanthraquinone in presence of Ammonia.
1882Ibid. 16 Dec. 818/2 A new acid and a new compound,..the desoxybenzoin of *phenanthrene.
1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 751 Some of the synthetic analgesics—*phenazone or phenacetin—are of value.
1865Mansfield Salts 377 The probability..is enhanced by the production by the same chemist of ‘*Phenetidine’, an epibase containing C2H2 more than Anisidine. 1899J. Cagney tr. Jaksch's Clin. Diagn. vii. (ed. 4) 401 The presence of phenetidin may be shown by changing it [the urine] into its diazo compound.
1850Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. III. 78 *Phenetol is a colourless, very mobile liquid, lighter than water; and having an agreeable, aromatic odour.
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 570 Phenate of ethyl, or Phenetole.
1972Materials & Technol. IV. 306 Reaction [of phenol] with dimethyl or diethyl sulphate in a weakly alkaline solution gives anisole,..or phenetole, C6H5OC2H5 respectively. |