| 释义 |
philharmonic, a. and n.|fɪlhɑːˈmɒnɪk|
[a. F. philharmonique (1739), after It. filarmonico, f. Gr. ϕιλ(ο-, philo- + ἁρµονικός harmonic.]
A. adj. Loving harmony; fond of or devoted to music; also used characteristically in the names of symphony orchestras.
Philharmonic Society, name of various musical societies, esp. that founded in London in 1813 for the promotion of instrumental music; hence Philharmonic concert, one given by the Philharmonic Society.
1813Philharmonic Soc. I. 1 Several Members of the Musical Profession have associated themselves, under the title of The Philharmonic Society;..to procure the performance, in the most perfect manner possible, of the best and most approved Instrumental Music. 1823New Monthly Mag. VIII. 127 The most philharmonic ear is at times deeply affected by a simple air. 1862Times in Grove Dict. Mus. II. 700/2 The successful completion of the 50th year of the Philharmonic Society. Ibid. 701/1 The forty-ninth series of the Philharmonic Concerts. [1895G. B. Shaw in Daily Chron. 6 Nov. 6/5 Every violoncellist in the Philharmonic orchestra [sc. the Philharmonic Society orchestra] used to dread the trio of the third movement. ]1898Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms 362/1 The pitch of Costa's Philharmonic Orchestra..was A. 452·5. 1923Gramophone Apr. 14/1, I prefer the old rendering [of Beethoven's C minor Symphony] conducted by Nikisch with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. 1937N. Slonimsky Music since 1900 i. 371, 1934... German State Philharmonic Orchestra of the German Soviet Republic of the Volga basin is established... Fifth Symphony of Arnold Bax is performed..by the London Philharmonic Orchestra. 1940Grant & Hettinger America's Symphony Orchestras iii. 70 The New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia, and Boston symphony orchestras..have been grouped together as Group I. 1944B. Geissmar Baton & Jackboot 25 The Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra unanimously voted for Furtwängler. 1961N.Y. Times 17 Nov. 38 In recent years Anna Xydis has played with the New York Philharmonic. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia I. 927/1 Beecham..founded the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in London (1947).
B. n.
a. A lover of harmony; a person devoted to music.
b. colloq. Short for Philharmonic Society, Orchestra, concert: see above.
1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. III. 86 The place in which the society or academy of the philharmonics assemble. 1843P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 239 A Philharmonic of blackbirds and thrushes. 1855Geo. Eliot in Fraser's Mag. July 51/1 When a symphony of Beethoven's was first played at the Philharmonic, there was a general titter among the musicians in the orchestra. 1862Times in Grove Dict. Mus. II. 701/1 Mr. Sterndale Bennett—an old member of the ‘Philharmonic’. 1880Ibid., At the close of the season of 1866 Professor Bennett resigned the conductorship, and his place at the Philharmonic was filled by Mr. W. G. Cusins. 1897[see performing vbl. n. 4 b]. 1931Gramophone Apr. 526/2 Even the famous New York Philharmonic..must, I think, take second place. 1933M. Bauer 20th Cent. Music iv. 40 Spohr..was the first to conduct an orchestra, the London Philharmonic (1820) with a baton and without the aid of a piano. 1944B. Geissmar Baton & Jackboot 24 Arthur Nikisch..had been permanent conductor..of the Hamburg Concerts with the Berlin Philharmonic since 1897. 1951J. H. Mueller Amer. Symphony Orchestra iii. 63 A century of uninterrupted orchestral programs of the New York Philharmonic affords an extraordinary view of changes in musical taste. 1961J. Williams Forger i. 12 The artist is like a fragment of a mosaic—no, he is more than that, a virtuoso performer in some vast philharmonic. 1977Time 10 Oct. 17/3 Her orchestral works have been performed by the Philadelphia Orchestra and the Los Angeles and New York Philharmonics. |