| 释义 |
phonetics, n. pl.|fəʊˈnɛtɪks|
[See phonetic and -ics.]
That department of linguistic science which treats of the sounds of speech; phonology; the phonetic phenomena (of a language or dialect). Now usu. restricted to the study of speech sounds as physical phenomena, and distinguished from phonology.
1841Latham Eng. Lang. ii. ii. 113 Phonetics..determines (amongst other things) the systematic relation of Articulate Sounds..Between sounds like b and v, s and z, there is a connexion in Phonetics. 1848A. J. Ellis (title) Esenʃalz ov Fωnetics [= Essentials of Phonetics]. 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue §138 Provincial phonetics go still further, and call a gown gownd. 1875Whitney Life Lang. iv. 60 Phonetics, as a branch of linguistic science. 1924O. Jespersen Philos. Gram. ii. 35 It would, perhaps, be advisable to restrict the word ‘phonetics’ to universal or general phonetics and to use the word phonology of the phenomena peculiar to a particular language (e.g. ‘English Phonology’), but this question of terminology is not very important. Some writers would discriminate between the two words by using ‘phonetics’ of descriptive (static), and ‘phonology’ of historical (dynamic) ‘lautlehre’, but this terminology is reversed by some (de Saussure, Sechehaye). 1937J. Orr tr. Iordan's Introd. Romance Linguistics 287 Generally, ‘phonetics’ is used to designate the physiology of sounds, and ‘phonology’ the history of sounds. Saussure reverses the use of the two terms. 1953J. B. Carroll Study of Lang. ii. 25 General phonetics, in fact, is virtually a science in its own right, with two chief branches, motor phonetics (or articulatory phonetics) and acoustic phonetics. 1962A. C. Gimson Introd. Pronunc. Eng. i. i. 2 Our primary concern will be the production, transmission, and reception of the sounds of English—in other words, the phonetics of English. 1964P. Strevens in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 120 There seem to be two main kinds of use of the term... ‘Phonetics’ for some means ‘making sounds’, while for others it refers to a component of the discipline of linguistics. 1970G. C. Lepschy Survey Structural Linguistics iii. 59 Trubeckoj mentions a number of linguists who preceded him..in distinguishing between sound and phoneme, and thus between phonetics and phonology. |