| 释义 |
phosphonium Chem.|fɒsˈfəʊnɪəm|
[f. phosphorus + ending of ammonium.]
A combination of hydrogen and phosphorus, PH4, analogous to ammonium, entering as a monovalent radical into many compounds, as phosphonium iodide, PH4I; also applied to compounds in which the hydrogen is replaced by organic radicals, as tetramethylphosphonium, P(CH3)4, tetrethylphosphonium, P(C2H5)4, methyltriethylphosphonium, P(CH3)(C2H5)3, etc.
1866–77Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 607 Monophosphoniums, of the type R4PI, analogous to iodide of tetrethylammonium. Ibid. 615 (heading) Ethylphosphoniums. Ibid. 620 Diphosphoniums. 1871Roscoe Elem. Chem. xxxi. 339 Obtained..by acting upon phosphonium iodide, PH4I, with ethyl iodide in presence of zinc oxide.
Hence phosˈphonic a. [cf. sulphonic], in phosphonic acid, any one of several compounds derived from phosphoric acid by the replacement of hydroxyl (OH) by a hydrocarbon group: e.g. benzene phosphonic acid, C6H5.P(OH)2O. Sometimes called phosphinic, or phosphenilic acid. |