| 释义 |
photocatalysis Chem.|fəʊtəʊkəˈtælɪsɪs|
† Also with hyphen.
[f. photo- 1 + catalysis. The words of this group originated with the Ger. adj. (see below).]
The acceleration of a reaction by light; the catalysis of a photochemical reaction.
1913Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CIV. ii. 653 (heading) Photo⁓catalysis. 1916W. C. McC. Lewis Syst. Physical Chem. II. iii. i. 420 Another instance of photo-catalysis in solution is the decomposition of aqueous sodium hypochlorite. 1970Nature 22 Aug. 832/2 (heading) Homogeneous photocatalysis by organic dyes in the liquid phase.
So ˌphotocataˈlytic a. [ad. G. photokatalytisch (J. Plotnikow Photochemie (1910) ii. 72)], pertaining to or exhibiting photocatalysis; ˌphotocataˈlytically adv.; photoˈcatalyst, † -ˈcatalyser, a substance that acts as a catalyst in a photochemical reaction.
1913H. S. Allen Photo-Electricity xiv. 198 We may conveniently divide..photo-chemical reactions into three main classes. To the first class may be assigned the so-called photokatalytic reactions, in which light only accelerates an irreversible process. 1914S. E. Sheppard Photo-Chem. vii. 293 The kations Fe, Mn, Ce were peculiarly effective photo-catalysts for the reaction. 1923Jrnl. Chem. Soc. CXXIII. 189 The synthesis takes place photocatalytically by the influence of visible light when the carbonic acid is in loose combination with a coloured base, such as malachite green. 1926E. Mayer Clin. Applic. Sunlight viii. 160 Metallic compounds, especially iron salts, act as photocatalyzers. For example, benzoic acid under the influence of light will change very quickly to salicylic acid if an iron salt be present. 1945E. I. Rabinowitch Photosynthesis I. iii. 56 Chlorophyll is a photocatalyst, since no decrease in the concentration of chlorophyll in leaves has been observed after intense photosynthesis. 1959Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. X. 56 (heading) Photocatalytic activities of bacterial chromatophores. 1971E. Gurr Synthetic Dyes 108 Crystal violet is one of the dyes used by Binding (1970) as a photo⁓catalyst. 1978Nature 3 Aug. 508/1 The concentration of Ru (about 8 × 10-5 M) changed by less than 5%, so the complex was acting as a photocatalytic agent. |