| 释义 |
photoelastic, a.|fəʊtəʊɪˈlæstɪk|
Also with hyphen.
[f. photo- 1 + elastic a. and n.]
Employing or exhibiting the property of becoming birefringent when mechanically stressed, so that polarized light passed through such a substance gives rise to interference fringes that display the stress patterns in it.
1911E. G. Coker in Trans. Inst. Naval Archit. LIII. 265 (heading) The determination, by photo-elastic methods, of the distribution of stress in plates of variable section, with some applications to ships' plating. 1920Flight XII. 399/1 On arrival..they were welcomed by the Superintendent, and later attended the lecture of Professor Coker on his photo-elastic method of measuring stresses in materials. 1936Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XL. 472 To analyse quick variations of internal stresses, e.g., in vibrating specimens or in impact phenomena, kinematography or [read of] photo-elastic fringes at very high speeds was devised. 1953Fairman & Cutshall Mech. of Materials xiii. 372 A third method of experimental stress analysis involves the transmission of polarized light through transparent models and is known as the photoelastic method. 1958New Scientist 2 Oct. 953/2 The ‘photo-elastic technique’..enables the movements of stresses inside the gear teeth under load to be seen. 1965Hawkes & Holister in Zienkiewicz & Holister Stress Anal. xii. 267 In the photoelastic coating technique, sheets of birefringent plastic are bonded, using a reflective cement, to the surface of the body being studied. When the body is strained under load, the strain is conveyed through the cement to the coating where isoclinic and isochromatic fringes appear, when the coating is viewed through a reflection polariscope. 1970New Scientist 3 Dec. 377/2 The photoelastic plastic generally indicated higher stresses than did the strain gauges.
So ˌphotoelaˈsticity, the photoelastic method (of stress analysis).
1911E. G. Coker in Engineering 6 Jan. 1/1 (heading) Photo-elasticity. 1950Dolan & Murray in M. Hetényi Handbk. Exper. Stress Anal. xvii. 829 His [sc. E. G. Coker's] introduction of celluloid for models and the use of monochromatic light have led to the modern laboratory methods which make photoelasticity a powerful engineering tool. 1959R. R. Archer et al. Introd. Mech. of Solids iv. 157 The three most widely used methods of measuring strain are 1. Photoelasticity. 2. Brittle coatings. 3. Wire or foil strain gages. |