| 释义 |
phratry|ˈfreɪtrɪ|
[ad. Gr. ϕρᾱτρία, f. ϕράτηρ: see phrator. In F. phratrie (Littré).]
1. Ancient Gr. Hist. A politico-religious division of the people, which took its first rise from the ties of blood and kinship; in Athens, each of the three subdivisions into which the phyle was divided; a clan.[1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Phratriarchus, among the Athenians, a magistrate that presided over the phratria, or third part of a tribe. He had the same power over the phratria, that the phylarchus had over the tribe.] 1833Thirlwall in Philol. Museum II. 307 The desire of the higher classes to keep aloof from the rustics.., who had been admitted into the phratries. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 231 A family Zeus, and a Zeus guardian of the phratry. [1884Athenæum 21 June 795/3 No deme coincided with a phratria or with any subdivision of a phratria.] 2. transf. Applied to tribal or kinship divisions existing among primitive races, as the Indians of North America, aborigines of Australia, etc.
1876L. H. Morgan in N. Amer. Rev. CXXIII. 65 It is....probable..that the Mound-Builders were organized in gentes, phratries, and tribes. 1882H. Spencer Pol. Inst. 549 Not only where descent in the male line has been established, but also where the system of descent through females continues, this development of the family into gens, phratry, and tribe is found. 1891Westermarck Hist. Hum. Marriage (1894) 298 The Seneca tribe of the Iroquois was divided into two ‘phratries’, or divisions intermediate between the tribe and the clan. |