| 释义 |
▪ I. frenzy, phrenzy, n. and a.|ˈfrɛnzɪ|
Forms: α. 4–6 frenesie, -ye, 4 frenesi, frensye, fransie, -ye, (4–5 frenise, 5 frenysye, franesie, 6 frenyse, franzie), 4–7 frenesy, 5–6 fransey, 6–7 frensie, -zie, (7 frensey), 5–9 frensy, (6 frenesi, fransy, -zy, 6–7 frenc(e)y), 7– frenzy. β. 6–7 phrenesie, -ye, phrensie, -zie, 6–9 phrensy, (9 -esy), 7– phrenzy. See also phrenesis.
[ME. frenesie, a. OF. frenesie (F. frénésie) = Pr. frenezia, It. frenesia, f. late L. phrenēsis (whence directly Pr. frenezi, Sp. frenesí, Pg. frenesi), a pseudo-Gr. formation (on the analogy of pairs of related words in -ησις, -ητικός) after phrenēticus, corruption of Gr. ϕρενιτικός: see frantic.
The spelling with ph- is now rare; some writers show a tendency to prefer it when the reference is to prophetic ecstasy or demoniacal possession.]
A. n.
1. Mental derangement; delirium, or temporary insanity; in later use chiefly the uncontrollable rage or excitement of paroxysm of mania. Now somewhat rare in lit. sense.
αc1340Hampole Prose Tr. (1866) 17 A fantasie caused of trubblyng of þe brayne, as a mane þat es in a frensye. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vii. v. (1495) 225 Frensy is an hote postume in certayn skynnes and felles of the brayne, and therto folowyth wakynge and rauyng. c1440Hylton Scala Perf. (W. de W. 1494) ii. xxii, Thou shalt fall in to syckenes or in to fantasyes or in to frenesyes. 1549Compl. Scot. xv. 124, I may compair them til ane man in ane frenyse, quhilk bytis his auen membris vitht his tetht. 1674Milton P.L. (ed. 2) xi. 485 Demoniac frenzy, moping melancholy, And moon-struck madness. 1713Swift Frenzy of J. Denny Wks. 1755 III. i. 138 An officer of the custom house, who was taken ill of a violent frenzy last April. 1794Coleridge On a Friend who died of a Fever 17 Till frenzy..Darts her hot lightning-flash athwart the brain. 1838Thirlwall Greece V. 219 He must have been subject to temporary fits of frenzy.
β1562Turner Herbal ii. 133 b, Rinning thyme..is..good..for the phrenesye. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. iii. §1 They thinke and doe as it were in a phrensie they know not what. a1617Bayne On Eph. (1658) 82 Through phrenzie out of our right minds. 1793Holcroft tr. Lavater's Physiog. i. 8 Should the light by being brought too close to his eyes produce phrensy, he may burn himself. 1835Thirlwall Greece I. iv. 111 The women of Argos were struck with phrenzy.
2. fig. Agitation or disorder of the mind likened to madness; a state of delirious fury, rage, enthusiasm, or the like; also, wild folly, distraction, craziness.
α [c1386Chaucer Sompn. T. 501, I hold him in a maner frenesye.] a1400Morte Arth. 3827 He felle in a fransye for fersenesse of herte. c1422Hoccleve Jereslaus' Wife 715 The Shipman had also the franesie, þat with this Emperice hadde ment ffulfillid his foul lust of aduoutrie. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 605/2 Happy were Tindall, if he were as well recouered of his fransies. 1590Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 12 The Poets eye in a fine frenzy rolling. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 266 That the Immortal Gods should be..pleased with such Wickedness, is the highest Frenzy to believe. 1791Paine Rights of Man (ed. 4) 8 When the tongue or the pen is let loose in a frenzy of passion. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville II. 231 The sight inspired almost a frenzy of delight. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 234 Some hot-headed Roman Catholic, driven to frenzy by the lies of Oates. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. xviii. 112 An act done in the mere frensy of despair.
βc1665Mrs. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1846) 379 note, His moderation in a time of phrenzy was surely a sufficient argument. 1795Windham Speeches Parl. 5 Jan. (1812) I. 264 With all the phrenzy and fondness which men usually shew to their most extravagant opinions. 1813Scott Rokeby i. xii, I could have laughed..To see, in phrenesy sublime, How the fierce zealots fought and bled. 1855H. Reed Lect. Eng. Hist. ix. 287 The king, probably to save his life from the phrensy of faction, banished him.
b. A crazy notion or wild idea; also, a craze or mania (for something).
1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 126 A new phrensie being come into his head of getting the Princesse. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 13 Whom the Frensy of Travelling never carry'd into Foreign Lands. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. III. lx. 291 Accustomed to indulge every chimera in politics, every frenzy in religion.
3. attrib. and Comb., as frenzy-pointed, frenzy-rolling adjs.; frenzy-fever, a fever attended with delirium, ? brain-fever.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 903 Had halfe his people on this Coast sicke of shaking, burning, *frenzie-fevers. 1806Antid. Mis. Hum. Life 111 [She] was seized with the scarlet fever, from which she was scarcely recovered when she was attacked by a still more formidable one, a frensy fever.
1835Talfourd Ion ii. iii, The dull groan and *frenzy-pointed shriek Pass them unheard to heaven.
1777Warton Ode viii. 54 To bid her visions meet the *frenzy-rolling eye.
B. adj. [? attrib. use of the n.]
†1. Mad, insane, crazy. Obs.
1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 205 He that bindeth a phrensie man, and waketh him that is sick of the lethargie, doth trouble them both, and yet he loueth them both. 1616S. Ward Serm. (1635) 337 All these sharpers have but a frensie mans sleepe. 1647Trapp Comm. Matt. v. 44 Saunders..being sent to prison by Stephen Gardner..(who bad, Carry away this phrensie-fool, etc.).
2. dial. Angry; of a violent temper, passionate.
1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede x, I daresay ye warna franzy, for ye look as if ye'd ne'er been angered i' your life. 1876S. Warw. Gloss., Franzy, passionate. 1884Chester Gloss., Franzy, irritable.
Hence (f. the n.) † ˈfrenziful a., affected with frenzy; (f. the adj.) † ˈfrenzily adv., † ˈfrenziness.
1594T. B. tr. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 310 Vehement anger is often accompanied with frensinesse. a1688Bunyan Wks. (1692) I. 427/1 How frenzily he imagins! 1726De Foe Hist. Devil i. iv, All these pretences of frenziful and fanciful people.
▪ II. frenzy, v.|ˈfrɛnzɪ|
[f. frenzy n.]
trans. To drive (a person) to frenzy, infuriate.
1810A. Boswell Edinburgh 155 A poet..Frenzied by change of manners and town fashion, Rails at the change. 1857Buckle Civiliz. I. vii. 439 The people, frenzied by centuries of oppression, practised the most revolting cruelties. 1872Daily News 18 Mar., The bare thought..frenzies him to the verge of madness.
Hence ˈfrenzying ppl. a.
1795Southey Joan of Arc ii. 270 Ever and anon Some mother raised o'er her expiring child A cry of frenzying anguish. 1821Shelley Prometh. Unb. i. 267 Rain then thy plagues..Ghastly disease and frenzying fear. |