| 释义 |
phthalic, a. Chem.|ˈfθælɪk|
[Abbreviated from naphthalic.]
Of, pertaining to, or obtained from naphthalene, as phthalic anhydride, etc. phthalic acid, a white crystalline compound (C8H6O4) produced by the action of nitric acid on naphthalene, alizarin, purpurin, etc.; also called alizaric acid. phthalic anhydride, the anhydride of phthalic acid, a white crystalline solid, C8H4O3, which is made industrially by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or o-xylene, and is widely used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, dyes, etc.
1855W. Odling tr. Laurent's Chem. Method 53 Thus we can obtain in a direct manner the..tartaric, camphoric, succinic, phthalic, &c., anhydrides. 1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 575 Phthalic or Naphthalic Acid..is produced by the long-continued action of nitric acid upon naphthalin. 1859H. Watts tr. Gmelin's Hand-bk. Chem. XIII. 15 Phthalic anhydride forms long white needles having the lustre of silk and united in feathery groups. 1873― Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 766 The xylenes are converted into Phthalic acids. 1885I. Remsen Org. Chem. (1888) 244 We may select either the three xylenes or the three phthalic acids. 1913Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 2) IV. 251/2 Owing to the extensive use of phthalic anhydride in the manufacture of synthetic indigo..a cheap technical process for its preparation in large quantities was essential. 1945H. Barron Mod. Plastics xxvii. 559 Glycerine and phthalic anhydride are the two most important constituents for alkyd resins. 1966R. M. Stephenson Introd. Chem. Process Industries xvi. 329 About 459 million pounds of phthalic anhydride were produced in the United States in 1963.
So, from base phthal-: phthalamic |fθəˈlæmɪk| a. [see amic], derived from or containing phthalic acid and ammonia: in phthalamic acid, a crystalline acid (C8H7NO3) produced by the action of aqueous ammonia on phthalic anhydride. ˈphthalate, a salt of phthalic acid. phthalein |ˈfθælɪɪn| [see -in1], one of a series of organic dyes produced by combining phthalic anhydride with the phenols, with elimination of water. phthalide |ˈfθælaɪd| [-ide, here short for anhydride], the anhydrous form of phthalic acid, a white crystalline substance, C8H4O3 = C6H4(CO)2O, obtained by distilling the acid. ˈphthalimide [see imide], a derivative of ammonia in which two atoms of hydrogen are replaced by phthalyl; a colourless crystalline inodorous and tasteless body, C8H4O2·NH. phthalin |ˈfθælɪn| [see -in1], a colourless crystalline substance obtained from phthalein (see quot.). phthalyl |ˈfθælɪl| [see -yl], the radical of phthalic acid (C8H4O2).
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 231 *Phthalamic acid (amidated phthalic acid). 1866Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 627 Phthalamic acid.. crystallizes in a mass of fine flexible needles, forming an acid solution with water.
Ibid. 628 *Phthalates, Phthalic acid is dibasic, forming acid salts, C8H5MO4, and neutral salts, C8H4M2O4. 1875Ibid. VII. 977 Potassium phthalate is easily decomposed [by an electric current].
1877Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 12) II. 499 *Phthaleins..compounds formed, with elimination of water, by the combination of phenols with phthalic anhydride. 1904Daily Chron. 20 Jan. 3/6 Aniline blues and violets were followed by phthaleïne and the great group of azo and cotton dyes.
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 231 *Phthalimide, HN.C16H4O4.
1875Watts Dict. Chem. VII. 977 By the action of nascent hydrogen the phthaleins are converted into colourless compounds called *phthalins, which by oxidation in the air, are reconverted into phthaleins.
1866Ibid. IV. 633 Chloride of *phthalyl. |