| 释义 |
piazza|pɪˈætsə, -z-|
Also 6–7 piazzo, 7 piaza, piatza, piatzza, piatzo, (8 piadza). Pl. piazze |-tseɪ|.
[a. It. piazza (ˈpjattsa) square, market-place (= Sp. plaza, Pg. praça, F. place, Eng. place):—Com. Rom. type *plattia, for platia, L. platea broad street, later courtyard, a. Gr. πλατεῖα (ὁδός) broad street.]
1. A public square or market-place: originally, and still usually, one in an Italian town; but in 16th to 18th c. often applied more widely to any open space surrounded by buildings, as the parade ground in a fort or the like. Also in extended and transf. uses.
1583Foxe A. & M. (ed. 4) 1786/2 Wolfe came to Chalenors chamber [at Ratisbon], and prayed him familiarly to go walke with him abroad to y⊇ Piazza or marketstead: which he gladly graunting so did. 1591Garrard's Art Warre 131 Place the Ensignes with their garde of Halberdes..in the Piazza or void place, where the Ensigne is to be managed. 1599Sir J. Harington in Nugæ Ant. (1804) I. 284 For the syte, it is so overtopped by a imminent height, not distant from it more than 150 paces, that no mann can stande firme in the piazza of the forte. 1611Coryat Crudities 246 There are two very faire and spacious Piazzaes or market places in the Citie. 1647R. Stapylton Juvenal 218 Forum Romanum: the Roman piatza, where..they had their exchange, courts of justice [etc.]. 1697Potter Antiq. Greece i. viii. (1715) 39 The Περιστύλιον, or Piazza, which was a large Place Square, or sometimes oblong in the middle of the Gymnasium. 1730A. Gordon Maffei's Amphith. 202 The Length of the Area or Piazza taken within the Walls, which circumscribe it. 1860Hawthorne Marb. Faun ii. (1883) 33 A figure such as may often be encountered in the streets and piazzas of Rome. 1866Howells Venet. Life iv. 46 Of all the open spaces in the city, that before the Church of St. Mark alone bears the name of Piazza. 1875H. James R. Hudson xi. 402 The Villa..stood directly upon a small grass-grown piazza, on the top of a hill. 1942Country Life 9 Oct. 694/3 (caption) Piccadilly Circus..a new building repeats that at present facing down Lower Regent Street. Between them a ‘piazza’ for pedestrians is formed. 1959Listener 3 Dec. 962/2 The idea of enlarging the present underground booking-hall to create a vast below-street-level shopping piazza. 1962Ibid. 19 Apr. 689/3 Among the features of the scheme is a paved piazza. 1967C. Seton-Watson Italy from Liberalism to Fascism xi. 425 Many were appalled by the irruption of the piazza and the press into delicate questions of international diplomacy. 1976Times 20 Feb. 12/5 George Street [in Edinburgh] still has the Georgian Assembly Rooms midway between the two great piazze of St Andrew Square and Charlotte Square. 1977New Yorker 26 Sept. 32/2 Moulmein was reading..on his piazza when I got home. 1978J. McNeil Consultant i. 21 He could see the City [of London], far below..the small piazza he had crossed.
attrib.1820Gentl. Mag. XC. i. 161 But lurking guilt midst Rome's piazza gloom, Now lowers with death.
fig.1644Milton Areop. (Arb.) 40 Sometimes 5 Imprimaturs are seen together dialogue-wise in the Piatza of one Title page.
2. a. Erroneously applied to a colonnade or covered gallery or walk surrounding an open square or piazza proper, and hence to a single colonnade in front of a building; an ambulatory with a roof supported on the open side by pillars. Now rare.
This arose from the Italian custom of constructing colonnades round open squares or courts, and appears to have begun with the vulgar misapplication of the name to the arcade built after the designs of Inigo Jones on the north and east sides of Covent Garden, London, instead of to the open market-place or area.
[1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 127 The Buzzar is also a gallant fabrick;..tis cover'd atop, archt, and (in piazza sort) a kinde of Burse.] 1642London Apprentices Declar. in Harl. Misc. (1746) VIII. 571/2 Desiring all the Subscribers to meet at the Piazza's in Covent-Garden. 1656Blount Glossogr. s.v., The close walks in Covent-Garden are not so properly the Piazza, as the ground which is inclosed within the Rails. 1682Lond. Gaz. No. 1777/4 Mr. Ralph Smith, Bookseller, at the Bible in the Piazza of the Royal-Exchange. 1686Burnet Trav. iii. (1750) 163 The Houses are built as at Padua and Bern, so that one walks all the Town over cover'd under Piazzas. 1695in Miscellanea (Surtees, No. 37) 54 They live in one of the Piazzas in Covent Garden. 1778Eng. Gazetteer (ed. 2) s.v. Nottingham, The sessions and courts..are kept in the town-hall, which is a grand fabric on piazzas. 1861Musgrave By-roads 201 All four sides of the area display continuous rows of open arcades; in England termed piazzas. 1864Sala in Daily Tel. 21 Nov., You may ask why I do not at once call this colonnade by its universally recognised name of a ‘piazza’. I humbly submit that the term ‘piazza’, as English people and Americans usually apply it, is entirely a misnomer.
fig.a1657Lovelace To Chloris v, Each humble princesse then did dwell In the Piazza of her hair.
b. (Chiefly in U.S.) The verandah of a house. Also attrib.
1724H. Jones Present State Virginia 26 It is a lofty Pile of Brick Building adorn'd with a Cupola... There is a spacious Piazza on the West Side, from one Wing to the other. 1771J. S. Copley Let. 3 Aug. (1914) 137 You see I have Drawn the Chinea Clossit Store Room in the east piaza. 1787M. Cutler in Life, etc. (1888) I. 225 A large, well-built house, with a piazza extending the whole length of the front. 1796Stedman Surinam II. xviii. 55 When he makes his appearance under the piazza of his house. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk., Leg. Sleepy Hollow (1865) 429 One of those spacious farmhouses..the low projecting eaves forming a piazza along the front, capable of being closed up in bad weather. 1838–9F. A. Kemble Resid. in Georgia (1863) 29, I was summoned into the wooden porch or piazza. 1867Motley Let. to Wife 20 Aug., He has put a broad verandah (what we so comically call a piazza) all around the house. 1876A. D. Whitney Sights & Insights I. 8 There were settees, and regular piazza chairs. 1884H. P. Spofford in Harper's Mag. Jan. 187/2 He enjoys..resting on the piazza of the hotel. a1916H. James Ivory Tower (1917) i. ii. 18 Shaking his little foot from the depths of a piazza chair,..where..the cool spreading verandah, commanded the low green cliff. 1977McDavid & O'Cain in S. Greenbaum Acceptability in Lang. viii. 112 The uncultivated almost unanimously characterize porch as modern and piazza as old-fashioned.
Hence piˈazzaed |-əd| a., having a piazza or piazzas; piˈazzaless a., having no piazza; ‖ piazzetta |pjatˈtsɛtta| [It. dim.], a little piazza or square (in Italy); spec. (with cap. initial), the Piazzetta di San Marco in Venice; piˈazzian a., of, pertaining to, or of the nature of a piazza.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 74 Towards the Market appears a State-house *Piatzed, where the Governour convocates the Fidalgos. 1714Macky Journ. thro' Eng. (1724) II. ii. 12 He..hath an open Gallery piazza'd from his House to the End of his Garden. 1775Jekyll Corr. 12 Apr. (1894) 9 The Place Royal,..a square piazz'd all round, with an equestrian statue. 1835Fraser's Mag. XII. 362 Bologna: a piazzaed town; cold, dull, and monastic.
1903M. E. Wilkins Wind in Rose-bush 9 Now the cottage was transformed by..a bay window on the *piazzaless side.
1820Byron Mar. Fal. v. iv, The Piazza and *Piazzetta of Saint Mark's. 1824W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. i. 106 They crossed the Piazzetta, but paused in the middle of it to enjoy the scene. 1869Geo. Eliot Jrnl. in J. W. Cross George Eliot's Life (1885) III. 45 Even landing on the Piazzetta, one has a sense..of being in an entirely novel scene. 1888H. James Aspern Papers I. v. 84 The sea-breeze passed between the twin columns of the Piazzetta. 1906Edin. Rev. July 194 To cross its bridges and its piazzette and to pass under its gateways. 1910H. G. Wells New Machiavelli (1911) ii. iii. 246 We would stroll on the Piazzetta, or go out into the sunset in a gondola. 1931C. Bax Venetian i. i. 5 The main part of the stage represents a piazzetta or flagged yard. 1942A. L. Rowse Cornish Childhood i. 22 It played the part of the back⁓alley in East End life, if not of the piazzetta in a little Italian town. 1966Listener 20 Jan. 105/2 In little back alleys and piazzettas water will pour from a spout into a marble basin or stone trough. 1977P. D. James Death of Expert Witness I. vi. 28 To see..that incomparable view of San Marco from the western end of the Piazza... To stand together on the Piazzetta..and look across the shimmering water.
1819Keats Lam. i. 212 Where in Pluto's gardens palatine Mulciber's columns gleam in far *piazzian line. |