| 释义 |
pineapple, pine-apple|ˈpaɪnˌæp(ə)l|
Forms: see pine n.2 and apple n.; also 6 pineable, pyneable.
[f. pine n.2 + apple n.]
1. a. The fruit of the pine-tree; a pine-cone. Obs. exc. dial. Formerly also applied to the edible seeds or ‘kernels’ (pine-nuts).
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. cxxii. (Tollem. MS.), Pinea, þe pinappel, is þe frute of þe pine tre..þe pinappel is þe moste gret note and conteyneþ in it selfe many curneles, closid in ful harde schales. a1400Pistill of Susan 82 On peren and pynappel þei ioyken in pees. 1548–77Vicary Anat. vii. (1888) 57 The Harte hath the shape and forme of a Pyneapple. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 63 The Hartichoch..the fruit of it something resembleth the Pineable. 1665G. Havers P. della Valle's Trav. E. India 69 To outward view it [Ananas] seems, when it is whole, to resemble our Pine-Apple. 1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 147 The Pine is a Tree very different from the Fir..Its Fruit is call'd the Pine-Apple.
b. A figure or image of a pine-cone, used as an ornament or decoration.
1483Wardr. Acc. in Grose Antiq. Rep. I. 29 Blue clothe of gold, wroght with nett and pyne appels. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry iii. vii. 77 [Some] take the leaves of this coat to be pine-apples. 1779Swinburne Trav. Spain xliv. 417 A slender square minaret terminating in a ball or pine-apple.
2. a. The juicy edible fruit of the Ananas, Ananassa sativa, a large collective fruit developed from a conical spike of flowers, and surmounted by a crown of small leaves; so called from its resemblance to a pine-cone: see quot. 1665 in 1; = pine n.2 5. b. The plant which bears this, Ananassa sativa (family Bromeliaceæ), a native of tropical South America, widely cultivated in tropical countries generally, and in hot-houses also in temperate climates.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. 83 Pine-apples, Moly, Persian Jasmine. 1666J. Davies Hist. Caribby Isles 58 The Ananas or Pine-Apple is accounted the most delicious fruit..of all America. 1694Phil. Trans. XVIII. 277 The Kapa-Tsiakka or Ananas, called by our American planters, The Pine-Apple. 1746H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 188, I had..given a guinea for two pine-apples. 1870Yeats Nat. Hist. Comm. 186 Vessels can now bring ripe pine-apples from the West Indies to England in pretty good condition.
c. A bomb; a hand grenade or light trench mortar. slang.
[1916: see pineapple bomb below] .1918R. H. Knyvett Over There 193 But Fritz can be very obstinate on occasions, and all our teasing with rifle-grenades failed to make him retaliate with anything larger than ‘pineapples’ (light trench-mortars). 1920W. B. Ellington Company ‘A’ 23rd Engineers 113 Pineapple, French hand grenade. 1928[see gangland]. 1932E. Wallace When Gangs came to London xv. 118 ‘By ‘pineapple’ I mean ‘bomb’,’ said Jiggs gravely. ‘It's part of the racketeer's equipment.’ 1944Sun (Baltimore) 2 Aug. 2/3 There was a crossfire of ten grenades before one of his pineapples destroyed a position with four enemy soldiers in it. 1972J. Quartermain Rock of Diamond v. 28 ‘You..don't want that old-time pineapple lobbed through your store window. You know what a pineapple is, Raven?’ ‘A hand grenade.’ ‘Right.’ 1976‘B. Shelby’ Great Pebble Affair iii. 143 He was Wild Wally of ice-pick, pineapple and machine-gun fame.
d. the pineapple (slang), unemployment benefit, ‘the dole’.
1937Partridge Dict. Slang 632/1 Pine-apple, on the, on parish relief. 1971Observer 23 May 7 ‘There were just too many people on the pineapple.’ The ‘pineapple’ is slang for the dole.
3. attrib. and Comb.
†a. in sense 1, as pine-apple kernel, seed, a seed of the pine-cone, esp. as used for food; pine-apple nut, a pine-cone; pine-apple tree, a pine-tree, esp. Pinus Pinea (all obs.).
1576Baker Jewell of Health 93 b, *Pyne apple kirnels. 1725Bradley Family Dict. s.v. Syrup, Add the Pine-Apple Kernel, Pistachees, and bruised Seeds.
1568Turner Herbal iii. Pref., The kernelles of the *Pineaple nut.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. iv. 686 *Pynappul seed is sow.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. cxx. (Tollem. MS.), The *pinapel tree is calde boþe ‘pinus’ and ‘pinea’. 1667Primatt City & C. Build. 153 Things which are green all Winter; As Juniper..Pine-Apple-trees, Eugh.
b. in sense 2, as pine-apple culture, pineapple garden, pineapple juice, pineapple plant; pineapple bomb slang = sense 2 c above; pineapple chunks, tinned pineapple cut into small cubes; also fig.; pine-apple cloth, a thin translucent cloth made from pine-apple fibre; = piña 2; pine-apple fibre, the fibre of the leaves of the pine-apple; pine-apple flower, a flower, or plant, of the S. African genus Eucomis (family Liliaceæ), in which the cluster of flowers is surmounted by a tuft of bracts like that of the pine-apple; pineapple jelly, jelly flavoured with pineapple; pine-apple potato (see quot.); pineapple rum, rum flavoured with pine-apple; pine-apple shawl, a shawl made of pine-apple cloth; pine-apple strawberry = pine-strawberry (see strawberry); pineapple weed, a small, aromatic, annual herb, Matricaria matricarioides, belonging to the family Compositæ and bearing yellow flower-heads smelling like pineapple when crushed.
1916‘Boyd Cable’ Doing their Bit iii. 45 We saw ‘*pineapple bombs’ or hand grenades being made—‘pineapple’ being a neat description of the shape and crisscross pattern of lines marking the segments into which the grenade bursts. 1952Wodehouse Pigs have Wings i. 9 You watch that pig of yours like a hawk, Clarence, or before you know where you are, this fiend in human shape will be slipping pineapple bombs into her bran mash. 1972Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 1 Sept. 19/1 The ‘pineapple’ bomb ploughs a furrow through the undergrowth with steel pellets.
1903Atkinson & Holroyd Pract. Cookery (ed. 3) 113, 1 tin of *pineapple chunks. 1926Wodehouse Heart of Gold ix. 300 Anastatia [sic] ordered pineapple chunks with whipped cream. 1963R. Carrier Great Dishes of World 175 Drain the pineapple chunks. Reserve juice. 1977D. Beaty Excellency i. 15 A DC 6 was leaving, its propellers chopping a long shaft of light into pineapple chunks.
1858Hogg Veg. Kingd. 765 Bromelia pigna, a native of Manilla, yields fine hair-like fibres, with which the celebrated *pine-apple cloth of the Philippines is made. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 578 Pine-apple yarn and cloth.
1883C. A. Moloney W. African Fisheries 24 (Fish. Exhib. Publ.) Dragnets..made of *pineapple or other fibre. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 266 The same pine-apple-fibre bag which he wore slung across his shoulder.
1884Miller Plant-n., Eucomis, *Pine-apple-flower.
1845Thackeray Pimlico Pavilion iii, The *pine-apple gardens of sweet Pimlico.
1841Thackeray in Fraser's Mag. June 723/1 They..served us..*pine-apple jelly. 1907R. M. F. Berry Fruit Recipes xix. 245 Pineapple jelly (without gelatine). 1958W. Bickel tr. Hering's Dict. Cookery 723 Fancy mould lined with pineapple jelly.
1904Mrs. H. M. Young Home-Made Cakes & Sweets 33 Add..2 tablespoonfuls *pineapple juice. 1957E. Craig Collins Family Cookery 392 Heat in pineapple juice. 1972J. Potter Going West 171 Ashley bought pineapple juices from a café. 1977F. Webb Go far Out viii. 144 The attendant..brought him a large glass of pineapple juice.
1779Cowper Let. to J. Hill 2 Oct., Arrival of the Jamaica fleet. I hope it imports some *pine-apple plants for me.
1835Henslow Phys. Bot. §64 In one peculiar variety of this tuber, termed the ‘*pine-apple potato’..each [bud] is subtended by a swollen projection which represents the base of the leaf-stalk, in whose axil we may consider it to have been formed.
1765A. Stuart Let. 25 July in Duke of Argyll Intimate Society Lett. 18th Cent. (1910) I. 111 Y⊇ Greatest part of your *Pine aple rum went, as you desired in return for his many feasts, To Baron Dolbach. 1837Dickens Pickw. xxvii. 276 A glass of reeking hot pine⁓apple rum and water, with a slice of lemon in it. 1967–8Bahamas Handbk. & Businessmen's Ann. (ed. 7) 56, I poured a double pineapple rum on the rocks.
1883G. Macdonald Donal Grant I. 102 A waistcoat of *pine-apple shawl stuff.
1860All Year Round No. 63. 307 A dish of the light-red *pine-apple strawberries.
1908Robinson & Fernald Gray's New Man. Bot. 847 *Pineapple-weed... Odor of the bruised plant suggesting pineapple. 1945J. M. Fogg Weeds of Lawn & Garden 168 Pineapple-weed provides an interesting example of a species which is indigenous to the far western states and has become naturalized not only in eastern North America but also in Europe. 1978Country Life 22 June 1797/1 Pineapple weed, a coloniser of disturbed ground..assisted to and from a site on the tyres of wheel⁓barrows. |