| 释义 |
▪ I. plat, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: 1 plætt, 5–6 Sc. platt, plat.
[OE. plætt buffet, smack; cf. MLG. plat smack, MHG. platz, blatz, Ger. platz, plotz resounding blow, bang, crash. Goes with plat v.1, both being app. of onomatopœic origin.
(But cf. plat a. flat; a buffet is struck with the flat palm.)]
A flat blow; a smack, slap.
c1000ælfric Hom. II. 248 Drihten soðlice us sealde hælu þurh ðam ear-plættum, and ece alysednysse. c1500Rowlis Cursing 122 in Laing Anc. Poet. Scotl., With skulȝeoun clowttis and dressing knyvis, Platt for plat on thair gyngyvis. 1513Douglas æneis xii. iv. 203 Syne with hys kne him possit with sic ane plat, That on the erd he spaldit him all flat. 1535Lyndesay Satyre 855 Sapience, thow servis to beir a plat. c1900(Conversation in Co. Donegal), ‘Did the ‘old gentleman’ ever set foot on this Island (St. Patrick's in Lough Derg)?’ ‘A few plats of the Prior 'ud soon make him lave.’ (H. Chichester Hart.)
▪ II. plat, n.2 arch. or dial.|plæt|
Forms: 4– plat, (5–7 platte, 6–9 platt); pl. plats: in 3 platen, 5–7 plattes, 6 plates.
[app. a. OF. plat flat surface or thing, dish, etc., n. use of the adj. plat, plate flat: see plat a. Cf. Ger. platte plate (of iron, etc.), slab.]
I. A flat thing, part, or surface.
†1.
a. A flat piece, a plate (of metal); a thin slab of anything; a sheet, slice. Obs.
In early instances, esp. in the plural, not separable from plate n. 1.
[c1290: see plate n. 1.] c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxviii. (Margaret) 552 Þane wes of Irne mony plat Layd til hyr sydis, brynnand hat. Ibid. xxxvii. (Vincencius) 287, & yrne platis brynnand hat Wes laid on hyme to mak hym mat. 1420E.E. Wills (1882) 46, I. bord mausure.., wyth a prent in þ⊇ myddylle, and a grypp amyde, and a narow plat be þe syddys, with iij lyonis of syluer, and ouerguld. 1526Tindale Matt. xxvii. 3 The xxx plattes off sylver. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 178 Thinne plats of leade of the same breadth. 1581W. Stafford Exam. Compl. ii. (1876) 60, I had as liefe haue smal gadds or plats of Siluer and Gold, without any coyne at al to go abroade from man to man for exchaunge. 1593in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 29 [Not only do we find a charge for..the..stage on which the book-cases were to stand, but] platts [for the shelves are bought].
†b. A flat ornament of gold or other precious material. Obs. rare—1.
1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iv. xiv. 250, I have not knowen that..they have found any of the form and bignesse of the platt or iewel they have at Genes.
†c. A flat leaf, a blade. Obs. rare—1.
1716Lond. Gaz. No. 5416/4 The Plat or Leaf of the Palmetor-Tree.
2. The flat part or side of anything;
†a. The flat of a sword, as opposed to the edge (obs.);
†b. The sole of the foot (obs.);
c. The mould-board of a plough (dial.).
c1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 154 To stroke hym with the plat [v.r. platte] in that place Ther he is hurt. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 2664 Ther grevous woundys to allegge, Bet ys the platte than the egge. 1574Withals Dict. 64/1 The platte [ed. 1566 plant] of the foote, planta. 1616J. Lane Cont. Sqr.'s T. xi. 99 Tho touchd his woundes with the platt of thilke swoord, Which closd all vp, and instantlie recurd. 1765Univ. Mag. XXXVII. 33/2 The plat, or earth-board, turned most of the carrots out of the ground. 1843Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. IV. i. 284 As soon as it leaves the mould-board, or, as we call them in Norfolk, the plats.
3. a. Anything placed in a flat or horizontal position: see quots. Obs. exc. dial.
a1400Morte Arth. 2478 Pyghte pauyllyons of palle, and plattes in seegge. 1847–78Halliwell, Plat,..anything flat or horizontal, as a piece of timber so laid in building.
†b. A platform. Obs.
1558–9Passage Q. Eliz. D iij, A stage..and in the same a square platte rising with degrees.
4. A small bridge, a foot-bridge. (Also in form plot.) Obs. exc. dial.
1652Manch. Crt. Leet Rec. (1887) IV. 73 Richard Haworth..shall repaire and make good A Bridge or Plott in the Milgate. Ibid. 84 Should repaire and make good a Platt in the Millngate. 1670in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 277 The..pulling downe of the said bridge or platt..is adjudged to be an act done for the good of the Corporation. 1835Act 5 & 6 Will. IV, c. 50 §67 The said Surveyor..shall..make and lay such trunks, plats, or bridges as he shall deem necessary. 1869Lonsdale Gloss., Plat, a small foot-bridge.
5. A flat country, a plateau or table-land. U.S.
1788J. Backus Jrnl. in W. W. Backus Genealogical Mem. Backus Family (1889) 20 A beautiful platt of a considerable extent. 1812Brackenridge Views Louisiana (1814) 107 There are many fine tracts, and extensive platts. 1836W. Irving Astoria (1849) 248 These lofty plats of table-land seem to form a peculiar feature in the American Continents.
6. Mining. A widened space in a level, near the shaft, where trucks may cross, or ore is collected for hoisting, etc.
1874J. H. Collins Metal Mining (1875) 40 Where the level meets the shaft, an enlargement is usually made; this is called a ‘plat’. It is most useful as a place of deposit for the ore previous to its being sent up ‘to grass’. 1897Daily News 3 Nov. 9/5 As soon as the 200 feet level is reached, the intention is to open out and cut plats on both sides of the shaft.
II. A surface or place generally.
†7. A surface in general (whether plane or not).
[1513Douglas æneis viii. iii. 96 This Electra gret Atlas begat, That on his schuldir beris the hevynnis plat.] 1535Coverdale 1 Kings vii. 36 On the plat of the same sydes and ledges, he caused to carue Cherubins, lyons and palme trees. 1545R. Ascham Toxoph. (Arb.) 124 Yf there be any whirlynge plat in the water, the mouynge ceasethe when it commethe at the whyrlynge plat. 1551Recorde Pathw. Knowl. 1. Defin., A plaine platte is that, whiche is made al equall in height, so that the middle partes nother bulke vp, nother shrink down more then the bothe endes. For whan the one parte is higher then the other, then is it named a Croked platte. Ibid., And the two poyntes that suche a lyne maketh in the vtter bounde or platte of the globe, are named polis. 1593T. Fale Dialling 45 b, The making of an Horizontall Sphericall or hollow Diall... Prepare your Sphere or plat perfectly hollow, of what quantity you will.
8. a. A place, spot, point of space; a locality or situation. (Cf. plat n.3 1.) Obs. exc. dial.
1558T. Phaer æneid vii. T ij b, She seeth æneas glad, and plattes vprise for men to dwell. 1560Ingelend Disob. Child in Hazl. Dodsley II. 297 They need..to sit still, or stand in one plat. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 731 They had stayed 40. daies in a plat. 1662W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. verse 18. i. liii. 419/1 He turns himself on his bed..not an easie plat that he can find in it. 1770Langhorne Plutarch (1879) I. 528/2 Whereas the academy before was a dry and unsightly plat, he brought water to it, and sheltered it with groves. 1828Craven Gloss. (ed. 2), Plat, place, situation..as ‘I steud at that time i this vara plat’.
†b. A ‘place’ or part of a surface, as of the body; cf. plot n. 1. Obs.
1642Rogers Naaman 35 And did cause each face to waxe pale, and each hand to be on the pained plat. 1658W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. verse 14. ii. xviii. (1669) 68/2 If there be but one sore plat.
▪ III. plat, n.3|plæt|
Also (6 plate), 6–7 platt(e.
[A collateral form of plot n., which arose early in the 16th c., app. under the influence of plat n.2
The chronology appears to show that plat in sense 1 originated as a variant of plot n. sense 2, assimilated to plat a. and n.2 through association of sense, a plot of ground being usually a plat or flat area. Hence also, through the notion in sense 2 of ‘a plan on the flat’, arose senses 3–5. But sense 1 being indifferently plot or plat, the same vacillation of form extended to these senses, so that they also varied with plot, giving rise to senses 3–6 of plot n. Thus, in sense 1, plat is a variant of plot, but, in senses 2–5, plot appears to be a variant of plat. Both forms still survive in senses 1 and 2; in senses 3–5 plat has yielded to plot.]
I. = plot n. 2 (which is found earlier).
1. A piece or area of ground (usually) of small extent; a patch. Often with a word defining its nature or character, as grass-plat, plat of grass.
1517Domesday Inclos. (1897) I. 256, ij acres of arrable ground lieng in seuerall plattes in Asseby. 1539Bible (Great) Acts i. 18 A plat [1526 Tindale plott] of grounde. 1557Recorde Whetst. N ij, I must multiplie .210. by it self, and so haue I the iust platte of grounde of .44,100. foote. 1565–73Cooper Thesaurus, Cepetum, an onion bed: a plat of onions. 1573L. Lloyd Marrow of Hist. (1653) 144 A certain plat of ground, almost two hundred acres. 1611Bible 2 Kings ix. 26. 1632 Milton Penseroso 73 Oft on a Plat of rising ground, I hear the far-off Curfeu sound. 1667― P.L. ix. 456 This flourie Plat, the sweet recess of Eve. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 39 A large Quadrangular plat of ground. 1825Cobbett Rur. Rides 17 Digging up their little plats of potatoes. 1885–94R. Bridges Eros & Psyche June v, The grassy plat 'Midst of her garden, where she had her seat.
II. = plot n. 3–6 (in which plat is earlier).
2. A plan or diagram of anything; esp. a ground-plan of a building or of any part of the earth's surface; a draught, design, map, chart; = plot n. 3. † to set down in plat: to map down, make a plan of (obs.). Now only U.S.
1511–12in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 478 They can..vawte the chirch..after the fourme of a platte therfor devised. a1517Reg. Vetus Coll. Merton., [Contract for a farme place to be bilded at Holiwell] acording to a plate drawonne for the same. 1552Huloet, Platte for a buyldynge, orthographia. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. Ep. Ded. 1 Some description of the platte of the whole Earth. 1574Bourne Regiment for Sea xix. (1577) 49 For the making of plats or cards, as touching Hydrographia commonly called sea cards. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 437 To note all the Islands, and to set them downe in plat. 1659Moxon Tutor to Astron. (1686) Pref., Globes, Maps, Platts, and Sea-drafts of New discoveries. 1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. iv. xv. 196 To prick the same down in a Blank Chart or Mercator's Plat. 1740Hist. Jamaica vii. 227 Every Surveyor shall return Two Plats upon every Survey to the Patent-Office. 1756Rolt Dict. Trade, Plat, a popular term, among mariners, &c. for a sea-chart. 1893Scribner's Mag. June 695/1 We ordered from the State Land Offices plats, showing the lands subject to entry. 1954Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers XLIV. 248 Areal boundaries on the congressional township plats do not always clearly differentiate the several areal units such as marshes, prairies, wet prairies, swamps, and timberlands. 1974Sumter (S. Carolina) Daily Item 24 Apr. 15a/4 A plat showing where the land is located must also be submitted before any transfer of land can be made. 1977Sci. Amer. Sept. 184/1 (caption) The computer-held data in turn can be fed to a plotter that will automatically convert days of field observations into a standard surveyor's plat.
†3. fig. A plan or scheme of the actual or proposed arrangement of anything; an outline, a sketch; also, arrangement, disposition. Cf. plot n. 4. Obs.
1525St. Papers Hen. VIII, VI. 415 Knowing a plat and likelihode of thEmperours mynde. 1556Robinson More's Utop. (Arb.) 167 Yea like, or rather more likely Platoes platte to excell and passe. For what Platoes penne hathe platted briefely..The same haue I perfourmed fully. 1568V. Skinner tr. Montanus' Inquisition 48 My meaning in this place is, onely to make a platte with out any order or fashion. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 9 No easier, readier, or perfecter plat and introduction, is..come to my imagination. 1721Strype Eccl. Mem. II. ii. ii. 257 He desired of the said Duke to have a plat or a scheme of the said new discipline.
†4. A plan of action or proceeding in some undertaking; a scheme, design; = plot n. 5. Obs.
1574Sir T. Smith in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. III. 39 Yt is high tyme som conclusion were made, and some plat drawen to be folowed in that enterprice of Ulster. 1584Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 681 A plat and meane quhairby his Majestie..may import a greit proffeit. 1596Harington Metam. Ajax (1814) 115 What think you, no Platt? is there not here a good plat laid. a1656Ussher Ann. vi. (1658) 264 He saw that plat fit to serve for a bridle in the mouths of the neighbouring nations.
†5. The plan or scheme of a work of fiction, a drama, poem, etc.; = plot n. 6. Obs.
1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xxv. (Arb.) 312 Our maker or Poet is..first to deuise his plat or subiect, then to fashion his poeme. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. iii. Wks. 1856 I. 38 Here might be made a rare Scene of folly, if the plat could beare it.
III. in Scottish Eccl. Hist.
†6.
a. The scheme for the territorial organization of the reformed church in Scotland on a presbyterian system, and for the provision and modification of stipends. Hence
b. The body in charge of this, the Commission under the Great Seal of 1573 empowered to carry out the scheme.
1580in Bk. of Univ. Kirk of Scotl. (1840) 470 It is considderit and thocht meitt, that my Lord Clerk of Register sould be requeestit to concurre with the Laird of Dun, Mrs. Robert Pont..and Johne Duncanson, or any thrie or four of them, to lay [doun] and devyse a Platt of the Presbytries and Constitutiouns therof as best appeirit be thair judgement, to be reportit be them againe the nixt Generall Assemblie. 1581Ibid. 524 The Assemblie ordeaned a Platt of their Kirks to be exhibit the morne to be consulted on. 1581Ibid. 535 Who sall awaite upon the platt for modifieing of the Ministers stipends. 1597Ibid. 940 It was reportit be the Commissioners of the Generall Assemblie, that the constant Platt for planting of euery particular kirk, was hindred be the taksmen who hes the haill teinds in their hands, and refuseth to condiscend to any substantiall ordour anent the planting of the Ministrie. 1602Ibid. 999 That command be givin to the modifiers of the platt of this instant ȝeir to assigne out of the saids pensiouns for planting of kirks. 1627Rep. Parishes Scotl. (Bann.) 1 The kirk of Prestone is vnyted to the kirk off Bonckell..be the plate ordeaned to be haldin For the provisione of kirkis vnprovydit. 1637–50Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 167 Everie Presbyterie is to choise one fittest to attend the Platt, with a full information of all that concerns that Presbyterie, and all the kirks therein contained. 1672Rec. of Inverness Presbyt. (S.H.S.) 9 The Modr asked the minister if he had ane decree of plat. 1693Wallace Orkney ix. 52 By an act of platt, dated at Edinburgh the 22 of November [1615], the several Dignities and Ministers, both in the Bishoprick and Earldom [of Orkney], were provided to particular maintainances.
▪ IV. plat, n.4 Obs. or dial.|plæt|
Also 6 plate, 8–9 platt.
[A collateral form of plait n., going with plat v.3 (The spelling plate was prob. for plat, but may sometimes have been for plait.)]
1. A contexture of interlaced hair, straw, etc.; = plait n. 2. (In last quot. = straw-plait.)
1535Coverdale Song Sol. vii. 5 The hayre of thy heade is like the kynges purple folden vp in plates [R.V. tresses]. 1597Shakes. Lover's Compl. v, Her haire nor loose nor ti'd in formall plat. 1753in 6th Rep. Dep. Kpr. App. ii. 127 Leghorn Hats..and the Platts whereof the same are made. 1837Whittock, etc. Bk. Trades (1842) 419 Wholly a rural business in its preparatory state, as straw platt. c1880Bedfordsh. Dial., She wraps the plat round her arm as she makes it and stands at her door half the day.
2. Naut. (See quots.)
1678Phillips (ed. 4), Plats [ed. 1706 Platts], (in Navigation) are certain flat Ropes, by which the Cable in the Hause, is preserved from Galling. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I. Platts in a Ship, are flat Ropes made of Rope⁓yarn, and weaved one over another; their Vse is to save the Cable from Galling in the Hause, or to wind about the Flukes of the Anchors to save the Pendant of the Fore⁓sheet from galling against them. 1709Falconer Dict. Marine (1776) C cc b, Lever la fourrure du cable, to take the plat, or other service, off from the cable. 1841Dana Seaman's Man. 118 Plat, a braid of foxes.
†3. A fold; a pleat; = plait n. 1. Obs. rare.
(Only in spelling plate.)
1503Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. II. 203 For ane elne lynnyne to the platis uptaking of the crammesy cote, xiiij d. 1530Palsgr. 255/2 Plate of a garment, plat, ply. 1563Shute Archit. B j b, They also fashioned the body of the pilloure, and filled it with Canalicoli, and Striges, as thoughe it were the plates of her garmentes.
▪ V. † plat, n.5 Obs.
Forms: 5–6 playte, 6 plate, 7 plat.
[a. F. plate (in 15th c. plet(t)e, pleyte) fem., also plat masc. (Godef.), n. use of plat, plate adj., flat. Cf. It. piatta a barge.]
A flat-bottomed boat, used for fishing, etc. (Cf. flat n.3 9 a.)
1443in Rymer Fœdera XI. 44 Duas Naves vocatas Playtes, quandam Navem vocatam a Cogship. 1558–9Act 1 Eliz. c. 13 §3 No Hoye or Plate..from any Porte Creek or Place of this said Realme of Englande..shall trauers or crosse the Seas. 1577Holinshed Chron., Hist. Scot. 113/2 They bestowed them aborde in .xxx. hulkes, hoyes, and playtes. 1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag., Penalties & Forfeitures 4 If any Hoy or Plat cross the Seas.
▪ VI. ‖ plat, n.6|pla|
[F. plat dish: see plate n.]
a. A dish.
1763Smollett Trav. vii. (1766) I. 118 The petit maitre ate of fourteen different plats, besides the desert. 1824Byron Juan xv. lxxiii, The simple olives,..Must I pass over..? I must, although a favourite ‘plat’ of mine. 1882A. Edwardes Ballroom Repent. I. 295 These suave, serious parties, with their wines and plats.
b. plat du (erron. de) jour: dish of the day; one of a restaurant's specialities on any particular occasion; also fig. and ellipt. as plat.
1906W. J. Locke Beloved Vagabond (1907) vi. 71 The placarded list of each day's plat du jour. 1934I. Stone Lust for Life v. xi. 374 The man scanned the menu, ordered a plat du jour, and within a moment was scooping up his soup with a large spoon. 1953Wodehouse Performing Flea 213 We formed up in a queue, each man with a porcelain bowl for the plat de jour and a plate or a tin or a cigar-box for the potatoes. 1960Guardian 3 Feb. 8/7 On Thursday the plat du jour will be paella. 1975R. Rostand D'Artagnan Signature (1976) xxxvii. 210 Davis ordered the plat du jour and a full pichet of vin rosé. 1979Guardian 26 Feb. 10/6 The Poetry Society seems to have achieved some success... The main plat du jour was the announcement of the winner of its new {pstlg}1,000 prize. 1979B. Peterson Peripheral Spy vi. 147 A menu..informed him that the plat today was tendrons de veau, a favourite of his.
▪ VII. plat, a. and adv. Obs. exc. dial.|plæt|
Also 4–6 platt(e, 5 plate, Sc. playt, 9 Sc. plet.
[a. F. plat (11th c. in Littré):—late pop.L. *plattus adj., flat, smooth (whence also It. piatto, Prov. plat, Sp., Pg. chato, also Ger. platt, Du. plat flat); of uncertain history, but perh. from Gr. πλατύς broad, flat. Cf. place, plate.]
A. adj.
†1. Flat, level: plane; plain. Obs.
(In the first example plat may be considered an adv.; in the second it may possibly be a n., ‘plane plat’ = level spot: cf. plat n.2 8.)
[13..Cursor M. 16684 Abouen his hefd, als i yow tell, a bord was festen plate [v.r. plat]. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1379 Stalled..Prudly on a plat playn, plek alþer fayrest. ]13..K. Alis. 2001 (Bodl. MS.) Platte feet & longe honde, Nas fairer body in a londe. c1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 156 Ye moote with the plat [v.r. platte] swerd ageyn Strike hym in the wounde. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxii. 100 In anoþer ile is a maner of folk þat has a platte face, withouten nese or eghen;..þai hafe a platte mouth, lippless. c1448Hen. VI in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 367, .j. cours of platt Yorkschire stone. 1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 49 Hanyball was in the plate placis of Lumbardy. 1546St. Papers Hen. VIII, XI. 76 They cannot be able in dede to resiste the Frenche menn, soo sodenly passing the plat countrie. 1570Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) I. 337 One dos' ½ of potendiches xviijs. Twoo dos' ½ of plattrenchers xs. 1578Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 32 All sortis of gold and sylvir, ayther in plat werk or cunyie. 1584R. Norman Safeguard of Sailors 6 The east side is shallow and plat.
†2. fig. ‘Flat’, plain, blunt, straightforward, downright, unqualified; esp. in phrase plat and plain. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxx. (Theodera) 106 For-þi of þat thing spek nomare! For playt na [i.e. plat ‘no’] sal be þi ansuere. Ibid. xli. (Agnes) 120 Bot scho plat nay ay said hym til. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 987 My wyl is this for plat conclusion With outen any repplicacion..That [etc.]. 1533More Apol. xxiii. 141 They speke openly platte and playne heresye. 1559–60MS. Cott., Caligula B. ix, Gods providence [hes] sa altered the case, ȝea changed it to the plat contrary. 1560D. Cole Lett. to Jewell i, A plat and plain answer. [1891Cornh. Mag. Mar. 231 (temp. Edw. III) Let things be plat and plain between us.]
B. adv.
†1. Of position: In or into a flat position, flatly, flat; level or even with the ground or any surface.
(Some would consider plat an adj. in these instances.)
13..Cursor M. 17709 Þai fell..Gruflinges dun to erth plate [v.r. plat]. Ibid. 25045 (Fairf.) If þou plat hit lais on grounde. c1400Rom. Rose 1734 Whan I was hurt thus in [that] stounde, I fel doun plat unto the grounde. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 52/1 Alle they to gydre fille doun platte to the ground. 1549Compl. Scot. vii. 70 Lyand plat on his syde on the cald eird.
2. Of manner: Flatly, bluntly, plainly, straightforwardly, without circumlocution or qualification. Often plat and plain. Now Sc. and north. dial.
c1386Chaucer Monk's T. 768 Thus warned hym ful plat and ful pleyn, His doghter. 1390Gower Conf. III. 229 Seie unto the poeple plat,..The leste finger of thin hond It schal be strengere overal Than was thi fadres bodi al. c1420Hoccleve Jereslaus's Wife 810 Be nat aferd but tell on plein & plat. 1513Douglas æneis vi. vi. 6 With sic busteous wordis he thaim grat, And..gan thame chiding thus plat. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. x. 295 The Gouernour denyes and platt refuses the condicioune. 1597–8Bp. Hall Sat. iv. i. 53 But single out, and say once plat and plaine That [etc.].
3. Of degree: Entirely, quite, absolutely. Now only Sc. dial.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 83 So þat my palays plat ful be pyȝt al aboute. 1390Gower Conf. I. 92 Thei myhte noght acorde plat; On seide this, an othre that. 1481Caxton Reynard xxxix. (Arb.) 105 Tho [= then] wende the wulf to haue ben plat blynde. 1513Douglas æneis iv. vii. 59 The damecellis fast to thar lady thringis, That was in deidlie swoun plat for dispair.
4. Of direction: Directly, exactly, due, straight. Now only Sc. dial.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 395/1 Fourty dayes and fourty nyghtes after they saylled platte eest. 1511Sir R. Guylforde Pilgr. (Camden) 69 The wynde fell platte ayenste vs. 1584J. Melvill Let. in Diary (Wodrow Soc.) 212 Plat contrar to the word of Chryst. 1597Bruce in Wodrow Life (1843) 179 Tended not all their speeches to end plat contrary? 1825Jamieson, Plet south, plet north. (Aberdeen.)
▪ VIII. † plat, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 1 plættan, 4 platte, plette. pa. tense 1 plætte, 4 plat, plette. pa. pple. 4 plat.
[OE. plættan to buffet, smack, f. plætt, plat n.1 So MDu. platten, Ger. plätzen to smack, MHG., Ger. platzen to crash, bounce, strike noisily. Cf. the frequent. Du. pletteren to bruise, crush, MHG. blatren, platren to strike noisily.]
1. trans. To buffet, slap, smack; to strike, knock.
c1000Ags. Gosp. John xix. 3 Hi plætton hyne mid hyra handum. c1300Havelok 2626 With þe swerd so he him grette, Þat his heued of he plette. Ibid. 2755 Hwan he hauede him so shamed, His hand of-plat, and yuele lamed. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1542, & he with plattyng his paumes displayes his lers. a1400Langl.'s P. Pl. C. xix. 50 note, Thenne palle [v.r. platte] ich a-downe þe pouke with þe þridde shoryere.
2. intr. To hurry, rush; (?) to move noisily (Skeat).
c1300Havelok 2282 Þat he ne come sone plattinde, Hwo hors ne hauede com gangande. Ibid. 2613 To armes al so swiþe plette, Þat þei wore on a litel stunde Greithed.
▪ IX. plat, v.2 Obs. exc. dial.|plæt|
Pa. tense 4 platte, 6 platt, 6–7 plat.
[ME. platte, f. plat a. Cf. Du. pletten, Ger. platten, plätten to flatten, smooth; also OF. plat(t)ir (f. plat adj.) to flatten, throw down flat (Chr. de Pisan), lie flat.]
I.
1. trans. To lay, throw, or cause to fall flat (on the ground, on one's face, back, knees, etc.); to spread flat, smooth, or even; to press flat.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 45 Pernel proud-herte platte hire to grounde. 1513Douglas æneis ix. ix. 117 And he his hand plat to the wound in hy. 1530Palsgr. 660/1, I platte, I stryke a thyng upon another as clay, or butter, or saulve je saulue... He platteth his butter upon his breed with his thombe, as it were a lytell claye. a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 59 At which wordis, he..platt him self upoun his knees, and..burst furth in these wourdis. 1903Eng. Dial. Dict. (West Cornw.), Your hair is rough; plat it down with your hands. When our mangle was broken we platted down the sheets with the iron.
†2. intr. To become flat. Obs.
c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode ii. cxlvii. (1869) 134 The more men smyten it the lasse it platteth, and the more men heten it the hardere it waxeth.
†3. intr. To lie, sink, or fall down flat. Sc. Obs.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxii. 58 This wylie tod plat doun on growf. 1513Douglas æneis iii. ii. 52 And we plat law gruffillingis on the erd [submissi petimus terram]. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 222 Mr Patrick..plat on his kneis befoir the king.
II.
†4. trans. To clap (into a place); to place, set. Obs. [Perh. a different word.]
1529Lyndesay Complaynt 135 Thay tuke that ȝoung Prince frome the sculis,..And haistelie plat in his hand The gouernance of all Scotland. 1567Satir. Poems Reform. vi. 102 Syne plat me godly men into thair place. 1568T. Howell Arb. Amitie (1879) 11 As Horace first his trifling toyes, in booke did place and plat. 1639R. Baillie Lett. (1775) I. 160 Leith fortifications went on speedily; above 1000 hands, daily employed, plat up towards the sea, sundry perfect and strong bastions.
▪ X. plat, v.3
Also 5–7 plate. pa. tense and pple. platted; contr. pa. tense 4 platte, pa. pple. 6 Sc. plat(t.
[A parallel form of plait v., going with plat n.3
The spelling plate appears to belong here, but in later instances (cf. quot. 1687) may sometimes stand for plait.]
1. trans. To intertwine, intertwist; to plait (hair, straw, etc.); to form (hats, etc.) by plaiting; = plait v. 2. Now a less usual spelling than plait (which, however, in this sense, is usually pronounced plat).
1382Wyclif Exod. xxxix. 3 He made hem into thredes, that thei myȝten be plattid with the weft of the rather colours. ― Judith x. 3 And she wesh hir bodi, and oyntide hirself with the beste myrre, and she platte the her of hir hed. 1483Cath. Angl. 283/1 To Plate, implicare, intricare. c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 956 To plat heres, trescher. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 301 His hair was lang lyke wemens and plat in ane heid lace. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 30 In wars they use their haire platted and bound about their foreheads. 1582N. T. (Rhem.) John xix. 2 The souldiars platting [1611 platted, 1881 plaited] a crowne of thornes. 1627Drayton Quest Cynthia xix, A Fountain..Whose brim with pinks was platted. 1687Randolph Archip. 39 They have their hair plated [cf. ibid. which serves for a pettycoat..being plaited very thick]. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 239 They..plat all their Hair in Tresses. 1691Ray Creation i. (1692) 124 Pieces of Rose or other Leaves which she [a bee]..plats and joyns close together by some glutinous Substance. 1773G. Fitzgerald Acad. Sportsman 12 The baffled Sportsman..Each Bush explores, that plats the Hedge with Pride. 1836Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) XII. 7/1 Hexagon mesh, formed of three flax threads twisted and platted to a perpendicular line or pillar. 1855H. Martineau Autobiog. (1877) I. 26, I platted bonnets at one time.
†2. To fold, gather in folds; = plait v. 1, pleat v. Obs. rare.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. iii. 36 Silk breeches..so long that they must be plated upon the Leg.
▪ XI. plat, v.4
[In origin, a collateral form of plot v.1: cf. plat n.3]
†1. trans. To plan; to sketch. to plat forth, to sketch out a plan of (something to be made). Obs.
1556Robinson More's Utop. (Arb.) 167 What Platoes penne hathe platted briefely In naked wordes,..The same haue I perfourmed fully. 1579J. Stubbes Gaping Gulf C v b, Henry of Lancaster..during the time that he platted thys enterprise, founde hospitalitye in Fraunce. 1581Mulcaster Positions vi. (1887) 49, I must..plat forth the whole place of exercising the bodie, at ones for all ages. 1585Abp. Sandys Serm. xii. (Parker Soc.) 222 It is not for nothing that God was so curious in platting forth the tabernacle. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell 387 Plotting and platting as long examinations as possibly they can to protract the time.
†b. To plan to do or have something; = plot v.
1596Nashe Saffron Walden Wks. (Grosart) III. 85 They shuld plat (what euer their other cheere were) to haue a salt eele..continuallye seru'd in to their tables.
†2. To arrange or lay out on some plan. Obs.
1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 907/1 The court was platted in tables and benches in manner of a consistorie.
3. To make a plan of, to lay down on a plan or chart; to draw to scale, so as to calculate distances, area, etc.; = plot v.1 3. Now only U.S.
1751C. Gist Jrnls. (1893) 61, I platted down our Courses and I found I had still near 200 M Home upon a streight Line. 1766Compl. Farmer s.v. Surveying, So that any person, of a common capacity,..may be able to survey and parcel out land, plat it, and give up its content. 1840J. C. Calhoun Wks. (1874) III. 539 About three fourths have been surveyed and platted. 1893Harper's Mag. Apr. 712/2 Professional ‘boomers’..invaded the State, bought and platted additions, which they sold at exorbitant prices. |