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plinth|plɪnθ|
[ad. L. plinthus plinth (Vitruv. in senses 1 a, 2 a), a. Gr. πλίνθος tile, brick, stone squared for building. Cf. F. plinthe. The L. form plinthus was at first used.]
1. a. ‘The lower square member of the base of a column or pedestal’ (Gwilt).
[1563Shute Archit. C iv b, The antiques haue made three Plinthus, one aboue an other, the occasion wherof is this, that the earthe should not ouer growe the Base of the Pedestale. Ibid. D iij b, The Abacus hangeth ouer more then the Plinthus of the Base of the pillor.] 1611Cotgr., Plinthe, a Plinth, or Slipper; a flat, and square peece of Masonrie, &c., placed sometimes aboue, sometimes below, the footstall (but euer the first of the Basis) of a piller, &c. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 459/1 The Plinth, or Plinthus. 1727Chambers Cycl. s.v., The plinth is..that flat square table, under the mouldings of the base and pedestal..seeming to have been originally intended to keep the bottom of the primitive wooden pillars from rotting. a1849Poe Coliseum iv, These ivy-clad arcades..These mouldering plinths. a1878Sir G. G. Scott Lect. Archit. (1879) I. 151 In earlier instances the plinth and sub-plinth are both square in plan.
b. A block of stone, etc., serving as a base or pedestal to a statue, bust, vase, etc.; also, the squared base of a piece of furniture.
1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 216 Upon the Stone Coping, are Plinths to set Vases and Flower-Pots on. 1832Gell Pompeiana I. vi. 109 These figures..stand upon little square plinths.
c. The projecting part of a wall immediately above the ground. Also, a course of bricks or stones in a wall, above ground level, by which the part of the wall above is made to be set back in relation to the part below; = plinth course s.v. sense 4 below. Also attrib., as plinth-stone.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 312 A Plinth, in masonry, is the first stone inserted above the ground. 1842–76Gwilt Archit. Gloss. 1298 In a wall the term plinth is applied to two or more rows of bricks at the base of it, which project from the face. 1845Parker Gloss. Archit. 292 Plinth, the plain projecting face at the bottom of a wall immediately above the ground. 1878McVittie Christ Ch. Cath. 66 Springing from a plinth which runs round the building. 1968W. G. Nash Brickwork II. v. 112 The golden rule to remember when setting out the bonding for plinth courses and the walling below is to set out the neat work immediately above the plinth course first and let the bonding below the plinth be bonded to suit the neat work. In other words, always bond downwards from the face⁓work and not upwards from the work below the plinth courses.
d. fig. A plinth-like base or foundation.
1803H. Repton Landscape Garden. (1805) 86 A terrace..forms a base line or deep plinth. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 405 Its surrounding plinth of rock shows in places at low water. 1904R. J. Farrer Garden of Asia xvi. 150 That glorious cone towering up into the sky from its plinth of hills. 1935‘E. Queen’ Spanish Cape Mystery ix. 187 Ellery was sprawled on his side in an uncomfortable position, his eyes glued to a plinth of light.
2.
†a. After Vitruvius, The abacus of the capital of a column. Obs.
[1563Shute Archit. C j b, The Capital..hath vpon Echinus a littel edge, which seteth forth Plinthus with a more beautiful Proiecture.] 1611Cotgr., Abaque, a Plinth, or flat square Stone, on the Capitell of a pillar. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. II. 45/2 Over the Capitals of their Columns another Abacus or Plinth. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., Vitruvius also calls the Tuscan abacus, plinth, from its resembling a square brick.
b. The uppermost projecting part of a cornice or of a wall. See also quot. 1727–41. Now rare.
1613Chapman Maske Inns Court a j, A..Temple..whose Pillars..bore vp an Architraue, Freese, and Cornish: Ouer which stood a continued Plinthe; whereon were aduanc't statues of siluer. 1727–41Chambers Cycl., Plinth of a wall.. in the general, for any flat high moulding, serving in a front wall to mark the floors; or to sustain the eaves of a wall, and the larmier of a chimney. 1863Paterson Hist. Ayr. I. 216 The plinth at the top of the walls was composed of the same material.
3. A shallow wooden cabinet in which a record deck is mounted.
1963Hi-Fi Year Bk. 35 Both the GL58 and GL70 are now available on plinths. 1975Gramophone Sept. 537/2 The model BDS80 is the first of the new BSR Belt Drive Series of transcription turntables; the unit under review was delivered already mounted in a plinth. 1976Southern Even. Echo (Southampton) 2 Nov. 9/2 (Advt.), Pioneer SA5300 amplifier 2 × 12 watts RMS plus Garrard 125SB belt drive turntable, plinth, cover, fitted with Shure M75/6/SM magnetic cartridge.
4. Comb. as plinth-like, plinth-shaped adjs.; plinth block, a block sited on the floor and forming part of the base of the moulding of a door or window; plinth course = sense 1 c above.
1893J. P. Allen Pract. Building Construction xviii. 293 *Plinth blocks or bases..are often put at the bottom of architraves..for the skirting to run up against, as well as for appearance. 1932F. L. Wright Autobiogr. ii. 138 The whole exterior was bedeviled..with corner-boards, panel-boards, window-frames, corner-blocks, plinth blocks, rosettes, fantails, ingenious and jigger work in general.
1873F. Rogers Specifications Pract. Archit. ii. xxv. 375 All *plinth courses, jambs of doors and windows, and window-sills, strings, and chimney-cappings to be in red moulded bricks. 1968Plinth course [see 1 c above].
1905Harper's Mag. July 195/1 Those short, stubbed girls and women..were of *plinthlike bigness up and down.
Hence ˈplinthiform a., having the form of a plinth; ˈplinthless a., without a plinth.
1845Paley Goth. Mouldings 64 An interposed square edge, or plinthiform member. 1898J. F. Curwen Hist. Descr. Levens Hall 13 The square plinthless but embattled tower. |