| 释义 |
polymeric, a. Chem.|pɒlɪˈmɛrɪk|
[f. as polymer + -ic, after Ger. polymerisch (Berzelius, 1830).]
1. Of two or more compounds, or of one compound in relation to another (const. with): Composed of the same elements in the same proportions, but so that the numbers of atoms of the several elements in the molecule in one substance are some multiple of those in another, and thus the molecular weight of the one is the same multiple of that of the other. (Distinguished from isomeric.) In mod. use, of the nature of or characteristic of a polymer; consisting of a polymer or polymers. Of a reaction: giving rise to a polymer. Cf. polymer.
1833Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1831–32 435 To designate compounds approaching in atomic constitution very nearly to those properly called Isomeric, Berzelius has proposed the introduction of two new terms, polymeric and metameric. 1845W. Gregory Outl. Chem. II. 394 Hydrated lactic acid is a syrupy liquid... It is..polymeric with dry grape sugar and with gum. 1847Turner Elem. Chem. (ed. 8) 175 The second case of isomerism is that of bodies in which, while the relative proportion of the elements are the same, the absolute number of atoms of each element, and consequently the equivalent or atomic weights of the compounds, differ... Such compounds are called polymeric. 1850Daubeny Atom. The. viii. (ed. 2) 265 Olefiant gas and cetene are polymeric bodies. 1880J. W. Legg Bite 233 Asserted to be polymeric with bilirubin. 1935C. Ellis Chem. Synthetic Resins I. ix. 169 Natural rubber is supposed to consist of a mixture of polymeric hydrocarbons. 1941Mark & Raff (title) High polymeric reactions. 1951Uvarov & Chapman Dict. Sci. (ed. 2) 171 Many important products, such as plastics and textile fibres, consist of polymeric substances, either natural (e.g. cellulose..) or synthetic (e.g. nylon). 1967Margerison & East Introd. Polymer Chem. iii. 137 At the early stages of the reaction, the mixture consists mainly of low molecular weight species, dimers, trimers, etc., with only a few molecules of polymeric size. 1974Environmental Conservation I. 63/1 The term resin is usually applied to the long chains of repeating units in the polymeric material.
2. Genetics. Of, pertaining to, or displaying polymery.
1949Darlington & Mather Elem. Genetics iii. 68 Genes such as those with which Nilsson-Ehle was concerned have two of the properties of polygenes. They are of similar and supplementary action. But they cannot be described as polygenes because their effects are so large as to cause a sharp discontinuity in the variation, a discontinuity which permits the analysis of the system by the mendelian method. Genes like these are often termed polymeric genes. All polygenes are therefore polymeric, but not all polymeric genes are polygenes. 1961[see polygenic a. 3]. 1970Genetika VI. x. 124 It is established that complementary maltose factors MA1–p and MA2–g are recessive alleles of polymeric genes, MA1 and MA2, respectively. |