| 释义 |
▪ I. pommel, n.|ˈpʌməl, ˈpɒməl|
Forms: α. 4–7 (9) pomel, -elle, 5 poomel, 5–6 pomele, 5–7 pommell, 6– pommel, (6 pomall, poemell, pomeaw). β. 5 pumelle, 6 -ill, 6–7 -el, -ell, pummell, -ill, 6–9 pummel.
[ME. a. OF. pomel (12th c. in Hatz.-Darm., mod.F. pommeau) rounded knob, pommel of a sword or of a saddle, = Pr. pomel, It. pomello:—late L. type *pōmellum (med.L. pōmellus in Du Cange), dim. of pōmum apple (see pome).]
I.
†1. A globular body or prominence; a ball; a round boss, knob, or button. Obs.
1388Wyclif Prov. xxv. 11 A goldun pomel in beddis of siluer is he, that spekith a word in his time. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 6717 Lower doun ek ther was set A-nother poomel, wych off makyng Was lasse & Round, (to my seemyng). 1481Caxton Myrr. ii. xxxi. 125 In the mone is a body polysshyd and fair lyke a pommell right wel burnysshed. 1541Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. F j, Makynge a party of the orbytall or emynent pomall that is rounde bryght. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 325/1 He beareth..a Rowel of six points, at each a pomell or Button.
†2. A ball or spherical ornament placed on the summit of a tower, dome, gable, or pillar, at the corners of an altar, etc.; the ornamental top of the pole of a tent, a flag-staff, or the like; a finial. Obs.
c1330Florice & Bl. (1857) 249 The pomel aboue the led Is iwrout with so moche red. c1394P. Pl. Crede 562 Þouȝ a man in her mynster a masse wolde heren, His siȝt schal so [be] set on sundrye werkes, Þe penounes & þe pomels & poyntes of scheldes Wiþ-drawen his deuocion. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxx. 136 Abouen þe principall toure er twa pomelles of gold. c1500Melusine 357 Euery yere vpon the last day of August was sene a grete hand that toke the pommel of the said toure & pullyd it fro the toure. 1720Strype Stow's Surv. (1754) I. iii. viii. 639/2 A new Cross, with a Pomel well gilt, [was] set on the Top thereof [the Spire]. [1842–76Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Pomel, a globular protuberance terminating a pinnacle, etc.]
3. A rounded knob; an ornamental knob generally.
a. The knob terminating the hilt of a sword, dagger, or the like.
αc1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 10037 Ffro þe hilte vnto þe pomel Was twenti vnche large. 1470–85Malory Arthur ii. xix. 99 Merlyn toke his swerd and toke of the pomel and set on an other pomel. 1584Lyly Sappho ii. iii, Hee that can..weare his dagger pomel lower then the point. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 167 The Gentlemen..that haue priuiledge to weare Swords, as the Doctors of Ciuill Law, haue plaine pommels to them, neuer guilded. 1864Boutell Her. Hist. & Pop. xvii. 256 It is also charged upon a small shield upon the pommel of his sword-hilt.
β1483Cath. Angl. 293/2 A Pumelle (A. Pomel), tolus. 1583Fleetwood in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. II. 291 His man haithe stricken the carrman with the pumell of his sword. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 618 The pummell of Cæsars Faulchion. 1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2050/4 A Rapier Sword, the Hilt of which was made with a whole Shell, and a long Bar from the Shell to the Pumel. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. iii. iv. 136 The two Pummels or Ends of this Staff, which jutted out.
†b. The knob on the breech of a muzzle-loading cannon; = cascabel 1: cf. pommelion. Obs.
1639R. Ward Animadv. Warre 129 The Center of the pummell or Caskable of the Peece. 1672W. P. Compl. Gunner iv. 5 The Pumel or Button at her Coyl or Britch⁓end is called the Casacabel. 1692in Capt. Smith's Seaman's Gram. ii. vi. 94 The Cascabel or Pummel.
†c. An ornamental knob on a chair, the cover of a cup, etc. Obs.
1424in E.E. Wills (1882) 57 My flat couered pece [of plate] whith a sqware pomell. c1475Sqr. lowe Degre 745 Ye shall..ryde, my doughter, in a chare,..Your pomelles shalbe ended with gold. 1526Inv. Goods Dk. Richmond in Camden Misc. (1855) 19 A Chaire of clothe of golde, frynged with redde silk and gold, with iiij. pomelles of silver and gild. 1608Beaum. & Fl. Four Plays in One Induct., To touch the pomel of the king's chair..is better security..than three of the best merchants.
†d. The pole-star (? the knob of the sky). Obs.
1503Kalender of Sheph. L j b, The stern that we cal the pomeaw of hewyns & ryght vnder yt ys the sown at the howr of mydnyght. 1570Levins Manip. 56/45 A Pomel, polus, i.
†4. A rounded or semi-globular projecting part. Obs.
a. The rounded top of the head; the crown.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1831 He pighte hym on the pomel of his heed.
b. A woman's breast. poet.
1413Hoccleve Compl. Soul 199 Wks. (E.E.T.S.) III. p. lvii, Of this pomel will I my selfe rest... That is, thi selfe, moder, maide and wiffe, The sustenaunce and solace of my liffe. a1586Bankis of Helicon 63 in Montgomerie's Poems (S.T.S.) 275 With yvoire nek, and pomellis round, And comlie intervall.
c. The lower side of the closed fist.
1644Bulwer Chirol. 75 The nether part of this Hand in this posture Chiromancers call the pomell or percussion of the Hand.
d. A bastion.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 18 A square Castle, with a Tower, joined to it by a Pomel of a Wall.
5. a. The upward projecting front part of a saddle; the saddle-bow.
αc1450Merlin xiii. 191 Their swerdes hangynge at the pomell of theire sadeles be-fore. 1591Florio 2nd Fruites 41 Now hold me that stirop. Get vp, and hold fast by the pomell. 1711Steele Spect. No. 109 ⁋3 Taking him..before him on the Pommel of his Saddle. 1809Med. Jrnl. XXI. 367 The rider..was forcibly thrown forward on the pommel of the saddle.
β1620Shelton Quix. II. xiii. 79 This bottle hanging at the pummel of my saddle. 1677Lond. Gaz. No. 1242/4 A large Scar under the pummel of the Saddle. 1720W. Gibson Diet. Horses viii. (1731) 126 A Saddle broad under the Pummel is always very uneasy.
b. Either of a pair of removable curved handgrips fitted to a vaulting horse.
1887A. Alexander Mod. Gymnastic Exercises 137 The Vaulting Horse..contains a set of pommels, which are removable if required. 1895W. Maclaren A. Maclaren's Physical Educ. (new ed.) 103 For vaulting with one hand, circling, feint exercises &c..., it is customary to have pommels fitted on the horse. 1908Man. Physical Training (H.M.S.O.) viii. 184 Bend the knees and spring quickly from the ground up to the ‘First position’, with the hands gripping the pommels. 1920Naylor & Temple Mod. Physical Educ. 125 The starting position is taken by grasping the pommels with ‘inward-grip’. 1932T. McDowell Vaulting vii. 28 This vault may also be performed with one hand on a pommel and the other on the horse proper. 1971L. Koppett N.Y. Times Guide Spectator Sports 242 The gymnast balances himself on the pommels..and performs various maneuvers with leg movements, handstands, and so forth. 1972B. Taylor et al. Olympic Gymnastics for Men & Women viii. 181/2 The left arm pushes off the left pommel enabling the gymnast to gain the necessary height.
II. [? f. pommel v., pummel v.]
6. techn.
a. (In form pummel.) A square-faced tool used by stonemasons as a punch.
b. An oblong wooden block with a convex ribbed face for making leather supple and graining it.
1793Smeaton Edystone L. §36 The three holes were broke into one, by square-faced Pummels. 1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 465 All leather should be submitted to the action of the pommel. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Pommel,..a block of hard wood used by curriers in pressing and working skins to render them supple. It is flat above and rounded below.
7. The bat used in the game of ‘knur and spell’.
1845[C. Rogers] Tom Treddlehoyle's Thowts, etc. 39 (E.D.D.) Burd-caiges, pumils, waukin-sticks, an' knurs. 1870Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. Jan. 48 The bats, or sticks, known as pommels. 1893‘Silpheo’ Random Rhymes 8 (E.D.D.) Those who the ‘pummel’ well can wield With ‘spell and bullet’ take the field.
8. Comb. pommel vault; pommel-foot, pummel-foot, club-foot; pommel horse, a vaulting horse having pommels; also pommelled horse.
1861W. Barnes in Macm. Mag. June 127 Man may be marred..by perverse fashions—as in the pummel feet of Chinese women. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Pommelfoot, a syn. for Clubfoot. 1908Man. Physical Training (H.M.S.O.) viii. 185 Progression should be obtained by gradually raising the height of the pommel horse till it is somewhat higher than the average troop horse. 1932T. McDowell Vaulting p. v, Where the teacher has a ‘box horse’ and not a ‘pommelled horse’, it will be found that many of the vaults are adjustable to the apparatus available. Ibid. p. vi, Then comes the ‘pommel horse’ with pad. Ibid. vii. 30 Pommel Vault. Take off from both feet as the hands grasp the pommels. 1957Encycl. Brit. XI. 20/2 The ‘Olympic six’ for men comprise floor exercises, work on the horizontal bar, parallel bars and rings, pommelled horse and vaulting. 1962[see horse 6 c]. 1964D. M. Kunzle in G. C. Kunzle Parallel Bars 13 All sorts of climbing instruments—ropes, bars, beams and the pommelled horse. 1971Sportsweek (Bombay) 21 Feb. 9/1 Jim Prestidge recalls..the basic pommel horse exercises developed by German Ludwig Jahn, the father of the sport, in the last century. 1972B. Taylor et al. Olympic Gymnastics for Men & Women viii. 180/1 Place the pommel horse under the parallel bars.
▪ II. pommel, v.|ˈpʌməl|
Also 6 pomel(l: see also pummel.
[f. pommel n. 3 a, lit. to strike with the pommel of a sword instead of its edge or point.]
trans. To beat or strike repeatedly with or as with a pommel; to beat or pound with the fists; to bruise.
1530Palsgr. 662/1, I pomell, I beate one aboute the eares, je torche. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 49 b, Y⊇ duke..tooke hym..and pomeled so aboute the hed that the bloud yssued out of hys nose. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 645 Calling in his imps to hold their arms while he pommels them. 1821Lamb Elia Ser. i. Old Benchers I. T., He..pommelled him severely with the hilt of it [a sword]. 1863‘Ouida’ Held in Bondage (1870) 70 There is a degree of absurdity in two mortals setting solemnly to work to pommel one another.
Hence ˈpommelling, -eling vbl. n.; also ˈpommeller, -eler, one who pommels.
1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 334 The old man's ire was somewhat appeased by the pommeling of my head. 1874Burnand My Time xvii. 146 A contention in which your pommellings are active. 1890Cent. Dict., Pommeler. |