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▪ I. portmanteau, n.|pɔətˈmæntəʊ|
Forms: see below.
[ad. F. portemanteau (1547 in Godef. Compl.) an officer who carries a prince's mantle, a valise, a clothes-rack, f. porte- + manteau (OF. mantel) mantle; see also manteau, mantua, pockmanteau.]
1. a. A case or bag for carrying clothing and other necessaries when travelling; originally of a form suitable for carrying on horseback; now applied to an oblong stiff leather case, which opens like a book, with hinges in the middle of the back.
(α) 6 portmanteo, -mantieu, -manteaw(e, porte-manteau, 7 portmantau, -to, -toe, -tue, -tu, -tew; also porte-; 6– portmanteau, pl. -eaus (9 also -eaux).
1584W. Fleetwood in Wright Q. Eliz. & her Times (1838) II. 243 One of Mr. Docwraye's sonnes..was arrained for stealing of a portmanteo, with 84l. in the same, taken out of an inne in Bardey. 1585Higins Junius' Nomencl. 171/2 Ascopera, a bag; a wallet; a portmanteau. 1586J. Hooker Hist. Irel. II. 163/2 A note found in the port⁓mantieu of doctor Allen. 1598Florio, Balice, a cloke-bag, a male, a port-manteawe. 1611Cotgr., Ferriere,..a great case, or powch of leather (closed, as a Portemantue, with chaine, and locke). 1617Moryson Itin. i. 107 A souldier came out..and demaunded of euery man fiue baocci,..though it were onely due from them, who had port⁓manteaues with locks. 1624Heywood Captives ii. i. in Bullen O. Pl. IV, A budget or portmantau which includes All the bawdes wealth. 1635J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Banish'd Virg. 124 Taking..from off his saddle-bow a portmanteau, and out of it some victuals. 1650B. Discolliminium 25, I would wish the world to chaine up its breeches to its doublet as they doe Portmantu's. 1652Season. Exp. Netherl. 5 Besides what..they carryed home in their Port⁓mantos. 1689D. Granville Lett. (Surtees, No. 37) 76 They search'd my portmantoe and plundered me of a bagg of mony. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. (1779) II. xxxv. 8 Their trunks and portmanteaus must be carried to the Custom-house. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt i, Feeling in his pockets for the keys of his portmanteaus. 1879M. E. Braddon Vixen III. 265 Violet's portmanteaux were packed.
(β) 6–8 (9 Sc. and north. dial.) portmantle, 7–8 (9 Sc. and arch.) portmantel, (9 portmantillo).
1602Portmantle [see b]. 1612North's Plutarch 977 The flesh and the portmantle [ed. 1595 -mantew] it was wrapt in. 1651Lanc. Tracts (Chetham Soc.) 310, 600 Arms and many Portmantels and good Booty. 1654Gayton Pleas. Notes iv. ii. 181 The spoiles of Cardenio's Port-Mantle. 1702Farquhar Twin-Rivals iii. ii, What makes you sit upon the portmantle, Teague? 1821Scott Kenilw. viii, The small portmantle which contained his necessaries. 1883E. Pennell-Elmhirst Cream Leicestersh. 189 The portmantillos that in these days..fill up the small of each belted second horseman's back. 1888Times (weekly ed.) 2 Nov. 21/2 A saddle-horse, which also carried the Judge's port⁓mantle.
(γ) 7–8 port-mantua, portmantua.
1601–2Archpriest Controv. (Camden) II. 41 They sent theyr portmantuas to St. Paules monastery. 1765H. Timberlake Mem. 9 One of them..actually fell, letting my port⁓mantua into the water.
(δ) 7 port-mantick, -manque, portmante, 7–9 -manty.
a1613Port-manque [see b]. a1670Hacket Abp. Williams i. (1692) 160 Till the Messenger with the Port-mantick came from Rome. 1680in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. vii. 394 Paid for a new large portmante 16s. 1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2100/4 [They] had with them a Leathern Port⁓manty. 1897C. M. Campbell Deilie Jock 259 We..got oor portmantys and booked to Worcester.
(ε) 7 portmantuan, -ium, -eam, -en.
a1632T. Taylor God's Judgem. ii. v. (1642) 73 Feeling what weight the portmantuan had. 1682Providence Rec. (1894) VI. 80 In ye out Celler, i. Portmantium..In ye Portmanteam, 3 Cases of leather. 1698[R. Ferguson] View Eccles. Pref., He..is degraded to come behind with the Portmanten.
b. fig. (See also 4 b.)
1602Narcissus (1893) 283 O thou whose breast..is..prudences portmantle. a1613Overbury A Wife (1638) 263 That the soules of Women and Lovers, are wrapt in the port-manque of their senses. 1641R. Brooke Eng. Episc. i. iv. 11 As sure to finde the Spirit in a conge d'eslire, as others not long since, in the Tridentine Port-mantile. 1900Westm. Gaz. 28 Apr. 3/1 The demand for the franchise was..a kind of portmanteau into which all our grievances could be stuffed and dispatched to Pretoria.
‖2. An officer of the king of France: ‘The Kings Cloake-bag-bearer’ (Cotgr.) [Fr.].
1597G. Gilpin Let. 12 Feb. in N. & Q. 9th Ser. IV. 537/1 Here is arrived from the King of France a porte-manteau, who brought the ratification under the great seal of the agreements and treaty.
‖3. A clothes-rack, an arrangement of pegs to hang clothes on. [Fr.]
1727–41Chambers Cycl., Port-manteau, a piece of joiners work, fastened to the wall, in a wardrobe, armory, &c., proper for the hanging on of cloaks, hats, &c. 1847C. Brontë J. Eyre xxv, Not to me appertained that suit of wedding raiment:..the vapoury veil pendent from the usurped portmanteau. Ibid., It took the light, held it aloft, and surveyed the garments pendent from the portmanteau.
4. attrib. and Comb., as portmanteau robbery, portmanteau thief; portmanteau gelding, portmanteau horse (a baggage horse); portmanteau-maker, portmanteau manufacturer, † portmanteau-trunk; portmanteau saddle: see quot. 1688.
1681Lond. Gaz. No. 1583/4 A coloured leather Port⁓mantle Saddle, Blew fring in the seat. 1683Verulam MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm. 1906) 210 For a portmantue trunk, 0. 11. 0. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 345/1 A Portmantle Saddle hath a Cantle behind the seat to keep the Portmantle..off the Riders back. 1694Lond. Gaz. No. 2996/4 A bright bay Portmantua-Gelding, about 8l. price. 1772Nugent tr. Hist. Fr. Gerund I. 438 Mounted on a raw-boned,..hollow-eyed, pyballed portmanteau-horse. 1819M. Edgeworth Let. 2 June (1971) 210 The boxes and small portmanteau trunk..have not arrived. 1885List of Subscribers, Classified (United Telephone Co.) (ed. 6) 213 (heading) Trunk and Portmanteau Manufacturers. 1899Daily News 19 June 6 A portmanteau maker. 1900Westm. Gaz. 22 Aug. 5/3 A series of portmanteau robberies from the roofs of four-wheeled cabs.
b. In the sense of ‘that into which things are packed together’; originally applied by ‘L. Carroll’ to a factitious word made up of the blended sounds of two distinct words and combining the meanings of both; hence used attrib., and subseq. extended to things that are or suggest a combination of two different things of the same kind.
[1872‘L. Carroll’ Through Looking-Gl. vi. 127 Well, ‘slithy’ means ‘lithe and slimy’... You see it's like a portmanteau—there are two meanings packed up into one word. Ibid. 129 ‘Mimsy’ is ‘flimsy and miserable’ (there's another portmanteau for you).] 1882Cornh. Mag. July 25 They admirably illustrate the portmanteau word ‘slithy’ in the Jabberwocky poem. 1896[see brunch]. 1902Westm. Gaz. 10 June 2/2 As a fact Lord Rosebery was guilty of what we may call a ‘portmanteau’ quotation, in that he combined into one what Lord Salisbury said about Ireland and South Africa. 1905Ibid. 15 Aug. 4/2 It is a wise bird that will not foul its own nest, if this portmanteau proverb may be allowed. 1972Amer. Speech 1968 XLIII. 201 He was particularly concerned with..portmanteau forms of the sort illustrated by motel for ‘motor hotel’. 1973Sci. Amer. Dec. 116/2 A more interesting blend, called a portmanteau word by Lewis Carroll, combines two words with similar meanings into one: ‘instantaneous’ and ‘momentary’ into ‘momentaneous’, ‘splinters’ and ‘blisters’ into ‘splisters’, ‘shifting’ and ‘switching’ into ‘swifting’ and ‘edited’ and ‘annotated’ into ‘editated’. 1978Dædalus Fall 93 But such names are more often nothing more than the portmanteau terms describing a group of contemporaries who come together for a few years and then go their own ways.
c. Applied attrib. to a general description or category, or to a word or expression which has a general or generalized meaning.
1909Daily Chron. 18 Feb. 4/7 You may notice the same ‘portmanteau’ descriptions of persons wanted by the police. They would fit a dozen men in every hundred yards of London. 1949[see baroque a. (n.)]. 1955Times 12 May 7/3 The phrase Britanniarum omnium, which had appeared on the coinage since 1902, was discontinued from the beginning of 1954. The words were a portmanteau expression designed as a free rendering in Latin of ‘The British Dominions beyond the seas’. 1957Listener 18 July 86/2 The Act of 1897..is one of those portmanteau measures under which a person can be charged with any action. 1960[see casserole 1]. 1960Times 14 Oct. 15/6 Such portmanteau terms as ‘sprays’, ‘seed dressings’, and ‘insecticides’ have been used uncritically. 1962Listener 19 Apr. 674/1 The concept, or rather the concepts, of ‘culture’. This portmanteau word has been indispensable to intellectuals for 100 years at least.
d. portmanteau morph Linguistics, a morph which represents two morphemes simultaneously; also ellipt. portmanteau.
1947[see bimorphemic a.]. 1950Language XXVI. 84 If we find it more convenient to regard these forms as single morphs, we must at least take them to be portmanteaus, and not completely arbitrary ones. 1953C. E. Bazell Linguistic Form 54 Furthermore this terminology renders superfluous the family of subtractive morphs, zero-morphs, and portmanteau-morphs. 1972Hartmann & Stork Dict. Lang. & Linguistics 180/1 Portmanteau morph, a single morph which stands for two morphemes. The best known example is French au {vb}o{vb} ‘to the’ which represents à + le.
▪ II. portmanteau, v.|pɔətˈmæntəʊ|
[f. portmanteau n. 4 b.]
trans. To combine. Also intr. for pass.
1902Westm. Gaz. 28 May 2/2 We are amused at the attempt to portmanteau into one (as Lewis Carroll would say) the Education Bill and the Bread Tax. 1906Daily Chron. 22 Mar. 6/7 Hotten's Slang Dictionary..has only two [words] for threepence—‘thrums’ and ‘thrups’—neither of which will portmanteau with ‘telegram’ comfortably. 1967G. F. Fiennes I tried to run a Railway v. 58 Chingford, Enfield, Hertford and Bishops Stortford (portmanteaud as the ‘Chenford’). |