| 释义 |
pottery|ˈpɒtərɪ|
[In 15th c. a. F. poterie (13th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), f. potier potter n.1: cf. med.L. potārius potter, potāria pottery. In later use sometimes referred directly to pot: cf. crockery.
1086Domesday Bk. I. 156/1 (Bladon, Oxon.), Ibi .ii. molini de .xiiii. solidis . et .cxxv. anguillis . et de ollaria [potaria interlined] .x. solidi. ]
1. a. A potter's workshop or factory; a pot-factory.
c1483Caxton Dialogues 7/13 Pottes of erthe, Cannes of erthe For to go the watre; Thise things shall ye fynde In the potterye [F. en le potterye]. 1780Howard Prisons Eng. 156 A prison which had been a pottery. 1867Smiles Huguenots Eng. vi. (1880) 105 Two potters from Antwerp..started a pottery, though in a very humble way.
b. In pl., the Potteries, a district in N. Staffordshire, including Hanley and Stoke-upon-Trent, the chief seat of the English pottery industry.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 485 The district called ‘the Potteries’, is an extensive tract of country in the hundred of North Pyrehill and county of Stafford, comprehending an area of about eight miles long, and six broad. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 1009 A population of 60,000 operatives now derives a comfortable subsistence within a district..which contains 150 kilns, and is significantly called the Potteries.
2. The potter's art, ceramics; the manufacture of earthen vessels.
1727–41Chambers Cycl., Pottery, the art of making earthen pots and vessels; or, the manufacture of earthen ware. 1872Yeats Techn. Hist. Comm. 135 The Arabs were perfect masters of the art of pottery. 1891Nisbet Insanity of Genius 236 Pottery, when he [Wedgwood] took it up, was a rude and barbarous manufacture; he raised it to the dignity of an art.
3. The products of the potter's art collectively; pottery-ware, earthenware.
1785J. Phillips Treat. Inland Navig. 21 Norwich goods, groceries, potteries, and other merchandise. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 484 The drab pottery is useful for articles which require strength to be united to ornament, as flower-pots, water-jugs, &c. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. ii. vii. 481 Primitive sepulchral pottery. 1863Lyell Antiq. Man ii. 10 The pottery found associated with weapons of bronze is of a more ornamental and tasteful style than any which belongs to the age of stone. 1888M. E. Braddon Fatal Three i. v, The shallow milk-pans were of Doulton pottery.
4. attrib. and Comb., as pottery kiln, pottery manufacture, pottery market, pottery trade, pottery ware; pottery bark, see quot.; pottery-bark tree, = pottery tree; pottery clay = pot clay s.v. pot n.1 14, potter's clay s.v. potter n.1 3; pottery coal, Staffordshire coal; so pottery coalfield; pottery gauge, see quot.; pottery mould, a ‘brick’ of soft stone mixed with pipeclay, used for whitening hearths, etc.; a hearthstone; pottery tissue, see quot.; pottery tree, one of various trees of the genus Licania, the bark of which is pottery bark.
1866Treas. Bot. 679/2 Several undetermined species of this genus [Licania] afford the *Pottery bark, the ashes of which are used by the natives of the Amazon for mixing with the clay employed in the manufacture of pottery-ware, in order to enable the vessels to withstand the action of fire.
1905Geol. N. Staffs. Coalfields (Mem. Geol. Survey) xii. 224 (heading) *Pottery clays, brick clays and marls. 1921S.W. Coalfield (Mem. Geol. Survey) XIII. xii. 169 The isolated Bovey Tracey Beds of Devon, consisting in part of pottery clays..are supposed to have been laid down in a small, local lake-basin. 1962W. Stegner Wolf Willow iv. ii. 250 Floods of settlers..all figured in the dream, as did..oil, pottery clay, glass sand, and other..resources.
1867W. W. Smyth Coal & Coal-mining 58 *Pottery coals and ironstone measures..with 8 to 13 seams of coal of above two feet thick..and 10 to 12 measures of ironstone.
1851Richardson Geol. (1855) 435 The Coal-fields of England and Wales... 3. North Staffordshire sometimes called the *Pottery coal-field.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Pottery-gage, a shaper or templet for the inside of a vessel on the wheel.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 821 The apparatus then resembles certain *pottery kilns.
1862H. Spencer First Princ. ii. xiv. §111 (1875) 318 Witness..the absorption by Staffordshire of the *pottery-manufacture.
1853Hickie tr. Aristoph. (1872) II. 416 In the *pottery-market and the vegetable-market alike.
1876‘Ouida’ Winter City iii, What pleasant lives these *pottery painters of the early days must have led.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Pottery-tissue, a kind of tissue-paper used to receive impressions of engravings for transference to biscuit.
1866Treas. Bot. 679/2 s.v. Licania, The Indians call these trees Caraipe, but botanists have adopted that name for a genus of Ternströmiaceæ, owing to the *Pottery tree having at one time been supposed to belong to that order.
1847–78Halliwell, *Pottery-ware, earthenware. West. 1866Pottery-ware [see pottery-bark]. |