| 释义 |
predisposition|ˌpriːdɪspəʊˈzɪʃən|
[f. pre- A. 2 + disposition; cf. mod.F. prédisposition.]
1. The condition of being predisposed or inclined beforehand (to something or to do something); a previous inclination or favourable state of mind. Also, a tendency in a person to respond or react in a certain way.
1626Bacon Sylva §236 That the Spirits of the Teacher put in Motion, should worke with the Spirits of the Learner, a Pre-disposition to offer to Imitate. 1660Jer. Taylor Worthy Commun. ii. ii. 132 St. Austin reckoning what pre⁓disposition is necessary by way of preparation to the holy sacrament. 1705Stanhope Paraphr. I. 259 Constituent Parts of Repentance, and necessary Predispositions to Forgiveness. 1840Macaulay Ess., Ranke's Hist. (1887) 577 There had long been a predisposition to heresy. 1936Discovery Aug. 254/1 All these effects..can be shown to result from psychological inhibitions and predispositions. 1949C. I. Hovland et al. Exper. Mass Communication vii. 192 A person soon ‘forgets’ the ideas he has learned which are not consonant with his predispositions. 1973G. A. Davis Psychol. of Problem Solving ii. 18 Habit and conformity are implicit in such..personality concepts as rigidity,..predisposition,..fear of the unknown and, on occasion, pigheadedness. 1980Sci. Amer. Apr. 112/1 It is generally accepted that most animal characteristics are the product of an interaction between inherited predispositions and the environment.
2. spec. A physical condition which renders its possessor liable to the attack of disease.
1622Bacon Hen. VII, Wks. 1879 I. 734/1 It [the sweating sickness] was conceived..to proceed from a malignity in the constitution of the air, gathered by the predispositions of seasons. 1676Wiseman Chirurg. Treat. iv. ii. 249 External Accidents are often the occasional cause of the Kings-Evil, but they always suppose a predisposition of the Body to it. 1707Floyer Physic. Pulse-Watch 311 Table of the Pulses according to Diseases, and the Pre-Disposition to them. 1801Med. Jrnl. V. 83 Predisposition to Small⁓pox. 1873T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. (ed. 2) 101 Here..there may exist some special predisposition of the tissues themselves.
Hence predispoˈsitional a., of or pertaining to predisposition.
1847Bushnell Chr. Nurt. ii. i. (1861) 247 Results from predispositional state, or initially sanctified property. |