| 释义 |
▪ I. arise, v.|əˈraɪz|
Forms: inf. 1 ar-, arís-an, 2–4 aris-en, 3– arise, 4–5 aryse. pa. tense 5– arose; also 1–4 ar-, arás, 3–5 aros, 4–5 aroos, 5 aroose, 7 occas. aris |əˈrɪz|. pa. pple. 1– arisen |əˈrɪz(ə)n|; also 4 arisè, arysè, 6–8 arose.
[f. a- prefix 1 up, out, away + rise; = to ‘rise up,’ intensive of rise; cf. L. exorīri. An OTeut. comp.; in Goth. us-, ur- reisan, OHG. ur-, ar-, ir-rîsan, OS. arîsan. Northumbrian preserved ar-rísan, ar-rás, etc. Obs. 3rd sing. pres. arist = ariseth. The pa. tense aris in 17th c, was formed on pa. pple.: cf. obs. writ, and extant bit; the pa. pple. arose was assimilated to pa. tense: cf. abode, shone. Now almost superseded in ordinary language by the simple rise, in all senses, exc. those in branch III, of which 17–18are the ordinary prose uses of the word. Still used poetically in senses 1–9; 10–13 seem entirely obs.]
I. To get up from sitting, lying, repose.
1. To get up from sitting or kneeling, to stand up. arch.: see rise.
c1000ælfric Gen. xviii. 16 Ða arison ða þri weras. 1205Lay. 30841 Þat folc..arisen from heore seten. c1230Ancr. R. 34 Ariseð þeonne & biginneð þesne antefne. 1297R. Glouc. 369 Þys hey men..Knely to God..Ac be hii aryse, & abbeþ yturnd fram þe wened her wombe, Wolues dede hii nymeþ vorþ. c1450Lonelich Grail xxxv. 93 A-rys and go with me. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, ii. ii. 61 Edward Plantagenet, arise a Knight. 1611Bible John xiv. 31 Arise, let us go hence. 1779J. Moore View Soc. II. liv. 49 All the audience..immediately arise, and remain in a standing posture till their sovereign sit down. 1808Scott Marm. vi. xii, I dub thee knight. Arise, Sir Ralph, De Wilton's heir.
† Hence in transf. and fig. senses; as (a) Of a court: To suspend sittings for the time, to adjourn. (b) Of a thing: To erect itself on end (as hair). Obs.
c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 831 And pale he wex, therwith his heer [v.r. herte; see 7] aroos [v.r. a-ros, roos]. a1649Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1853) II. 279 The court being about to arise he desired leave for a little speach.
†2. To get up from a fall. Also transf. and fig.
c885K. ælfred Gregory's Past. lviii. 443 He swa micle stranglicor arise swa he hefiᵹlicor afeoll. c1175Lamb. Hom. 49 Þa þe liggeð inne swilc sunne and ne þencheð noht for to arisen. 1205Lay. 9427 Þus Portcheestre to-ræs and nauere seoððen aras. 1340Ayenb. 50 Huanne þe kempe heþ his uelaȝe yueld..wel onneaþe he arist. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋999 As ofte as he falleth he may arise [v.r. arrise, aryse] agayn by penitence. 1605Shakes. Lear i. iv. 99 Come sir, arise, away! 1667Milton P.L. i. 330 Awake, arise, or be for ever fall'n.
3. To get up from sleep or rest. arch.: see rise.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. ii. 20 Arris and onfoh ðone cnæht. c1000ælfric Gen. xxviii. 18 On morȝen he aras. c1175Lamb. Hom. 39 Ne beo eow noht lað to arisene er dei. c1300K. Alis. 5760 Kyng Alisaunder amorowe arist. 1340Ayenb. 52 Þet uolk þet..late guoþ to bedde and ariseþ late. c1450Lonelich Grail xvi. 29 Erly on the morwe, whanne þe kyng aros. 1535Coverdale Prov. vi. 9 Whan wilt thou aryse out of thy slepe? 1604Shakes. Oth. i. i. 89 Arise, arise, Awake the snorting Cittizens with the Bell. 1762Goldsm. Nash 232 Nash generally arose early in the morning. 1820Keats St. Agnes xxxix, Arise, arise! the morning is at hand.
4. Of the sun, moon, and stars: To come above the horizon. Also transf. of the day, morning. Now arch. and poet.: see rise.
c975Rushw. Gosp. Mark iv. 6 Ða aras sunne. c1220Hali Meid. 11 Meidenhad is te steorre þat beo ha eanes..igan adun..neauer eft ne ariseð ha. c1350Will. Palerne 2744 Whan the mone aros. c1391Chaucer Astrol. i. §21. 12 Thilke sterres..arisen rather than the degree of hire longitude. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliv. 298 The morne aroos, the day gan spryng. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. ii. ii. 4 Arise faire Sun and kill the enuious Moone. 1667Milton P.L. v. 170 While day arises, that sweet hour of Prime. 1820Byron Mar. Fal. i. ii. 570 At what hour arises the moon? a1842Tennyson Miller's Dau. 205 Many suns arise and set.
5. To rise from the dead, return to life from the grave. Now poetic: see rise.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvii. 52 Moniᵹa lichoma halᵹa wæra ða ðe slepdon arison. Ibid. xiv. 2 Ðis is Johannes Baptista ðe arrás from deadum. c1175Lamb. Hom. 143 Þenne sculen..alle dede arisen. c1260Signs bef. Judgm. 53 in E.E.P. (1862) 9 Þan þe dede up sal arise up har biriles forto sitte. 1380Wyclif De Eccles. ii. Sel. Wks. 1871 III. 340 Þe þridde day oure God aroos from deþ to lyf. 1537Exp. Creed in Formul. Faith (1856) 60 Even like as our Saviour Jesu Christ..did arise from death to life. 1611Bible Matt. xxvii. 52 Many bodies of the saints which slept arose. 1712Steele Spect. No. 356 ⁋9 The Temple rends, the Rocks burst, the Dead Arise. 1859Tennyson Enid 1505 Till yonder man upon the bier arise.
6. To rise from inaction, from the peaceful, quiet, or ordinary course of life; esp. to rise in hostility or rebellion (against). Now poetic: see rise.
c825Vesp. Ps. iii. 7 Aris dryhten, halne me doa. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. x. 21 Wið arrísas suna in áldrum. c1440Arthur 208 How darst þow..Aȝenst the Emperour þus aryse. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1714) 96 Nothyng may make his People to arise, but..lacke of Justyce. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxxix. 264 The comunes arisen vp in dyuerse partyes of the reame and dyden moch harme. 1535Coverdale Ps. ix. 12 Aryse o Lorde God, lift vp thine honde. 1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 447 Arise, blacke vengeance, from the hollow hell. a1703T. Cooke Tales, Prop. etc. (1729) 211 Had no Genius arose against the Tyranny of Custom.
7. To rise in violence or agitation, as the sea, the wind; to boil up as a fermenting fluid, the blood; so of the heart, wrath, etc. Now poet.: see rise.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. John vi. 18 Ðe sæ ofstod vel aras. a1300K. Horn 868 Horn him gan to agrise, And his blod arise. 1340Ayenb. 47 Alle þe þinges, huerby þet uless him arist. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 831 Pale he wex therwith his herte [v.r. heer; see 1 b] a-ros. 1393Gower Conf. I. 20 A tonne, whan his lie arist, To-breketh. 1526Tindale John vi. 18 The see arose [Wyclif, rose vp] with a greate winde that blew. [So all subseq. vers.] 1611Bible 2 Sam. xi. 20 If so be that the kings wrath arise. ― Ps. lxxxix. 9 When the waues thereof arise, thou stillest them. 1847Tennyson Princess i. 96 A wind arose and rush'd upon the South.
8. transf. Of sounds: To come up aloud, or so as to be audible, to be heard aloud. arch.
a1300Cursor M. 2840 Strange cry in þe toun a-ras. c1330Arth. & Merl. 7409 In euerich lond arist song. c1350Will. Palerne 3270 Þe cry rudli aros þat reuþe it was to hure. 1393Gower Conf. I. 267 Through all the world the fame arose. 1611Bible Acts xxiii. 9 And there arose a great cry. 1859Tennyson Enid 1812 And in their halls arose The cry of children.
II. To ascend, go or come higher.
9. To go up, come up, ascend on high, mount. Now only poet.: see rise.
a1000Elene (Gr.) 803 Of þære stówe steám up arás. c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. vi. 143 Þe lyȝte fyre arist into heyȝte. c1450Merlin xiv. 207 The duste arose with the wynde. 1594Willobie in Shaks. C. Praise 9 From whence these flames aryse. 1596Spenser F.Q. i. x. 4 Dame Cælia..as thought From heav'n to come, or thether to arise. 1676Hobbes Iliad xxiii. 763 And on his steps trod ere the dust aris. 1704Pope Winter 46 Nor morning odours from the flow'rs arise. 1820Keats Hyperion i. 258 A mist arose, as from a scummy marsh.
†10. To rise with its summit (as a tree), or surface (as water); to grow taller, or higher, to swell up. Obs.: see rise.
c1225St. Marherete (1866) 18 Te hude..barst on to bleinen þet hit aras up oueral. 1393Gower Conf. II. 169 Her womb, which of childe aros. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. lxxxviii. (1495) 838 The place brennyth soo that bleynes aryseth there. c1425Seven Sages (P.) 204 The flore ne may nouȝt aryse. 1652French Yorksh. Spa ii. 15 In a close glass it [water] ariseth onely ad evitandum vacuum. 1664Power Exp. Philos. ii. 105 [It] makes a lesser quantity of Quicksilver arise in the Tube.
†11. To rise in rank or eminence. Obs.: see rise.
1340Ayenb. 24 Þe ilke þet is zuo heȝe arise ine prosperite. 1534More Comf. agst. Trib. iii. Wks. 1252/2 Some by handy crafte..some by other kynde of liuing, arise & come forward in y⊇ world. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 59 In these minute Animals their nutritive Liquor never arises to the perfection of bloud. a1733North Lives I. 81 Good fortune..in his circuit practice, which made him arise in it faster than young men have commonly done. 1756J. Warton Ess. Pope (1782) I. iv. 229 Obstacles, which might prevent his arising to that height, which the figure of his nativity promised.
†12. To rise in price or amount. Obs.: see rise.
1340Ayenb. 35 Uor to do arise þet gauel. 1643Caryl Sacr. Covt. 11 They perceived the charge to arise so high. 1714Swift Corr. II. 515 Stocks arose three per cent. upon it in the city.
†b. To amount to. Obs.
1594Blundevil Exerc. i. xxvii. 72 If the Summe..do arise to the Summe of 60, or exceed the Number of 60. 1649Roberts Clavis Bibl. Introd. iii. 56 The whole time..will arise to 591 y[ears] in all. 1679Penn Addr. Prot. i. §4 (1692) 20 They would arise to Three Times more Money.
†13. To come up to a point in a scale, attain to, reach. Obs.: see rise.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Doublement, The price..which he that arises vnto, most commonly carries the thing. 1798Malthus Popul. (1817) II. 2 The number arising annually to the age of puberty.
III. To spring up, come above ground, into the world, into existence.
14. To spring forth, as a river, from its source. Obs.: see rise. Also transf. To take its rise, originate. (Still in use.)
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Luke viii. 7 Onᵹelíc arison ðornas. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xiii. viii. (1495) 444 The ryuer Doryx arysyth a lytyll fro the heed of Eufrates. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Luke ii, To haue the talke of his birth..to aryse and beginne of suche reporters. 1645E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (1662) 87 A third sort of Brownists did arise from one Mr. Wilkinson. 1875Grindon Life xxv. 319 Simple and original forms, from which they [carnations, etc.] have arisen under the stimulus of culture. 1879Timbs in Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 250/2 The lymphatics..absorb lymph from the organs in which they arise.
15. To be born, come into the world of life or action.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxiv. 11 Moniᵹo lease wítᵹo arisað. 1205Lay. 1248 Þer scal of þine cunne kine-bearn arisen. 1535Coverdale Deut. xxxiv. 10 There arose [Wyclif, there roos] no prophet more in Israel like vnto Moses. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 274 There was..never any Autochthon, or man arising from the earth but Adam. 1763J. Brown Poetry & Mus. xii. 198 After many Centuries had passed in Darkness, Guido arose. 1875Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. xv. 241 In the fourteenth century there arose in Italy the first great masters of painting and song. Mod. A false prophet calling himself the Mahdi has arisen in the Soudan.
16. Of things: To spring up, usually with some reference to the literal sense of rise, as if: To be raised, built. Mostly poet. or rhet.
a1000Riddles (Grein) iv. 20 Aríseþ dún ofer dýpe. 1704Pope Windsor For. 26 And 'midst the desart fruitful fields arise. 1859Tennyson Vivien 525 So long, that mountains have arisen since With cities on their flanks. 1864― Aylmer's F. 147 Beyond her lodges..arose the labourers' homes.
17. Of circumstances viewed as results: To spring, originate, or result from (of obs.).
1205Lay. 9383 Nu þu iherest of wuche gomen aras þer þe to-nome. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xiii. 230 So of rychesse vpon richesse · arisen al vices. 1393Gower Conf. I. 240 Therof might arise a sclaunder. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iv. vii. 186 Some sodaine mischiefe may arise of it. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. v. §2 Out of which several inquiries there do arise three knowledges. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxv. 131 Arising from the Imperative manner of speaking. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 219 Whence arised the old proverb, as sound as a Roche. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §131 Comfort arose from the reflection. 1837J. H. Newman Par. Serm. I. xviii. 266 This..arises from ignorance of religion itself.
18. Of matters generally: To spring up, come into existence or notice, ‘come up,’ present itself. arising out of: used, with loose construction, to introduce a circumstance, action, proposal, etc., arising out of an event, statement, etc.
a1000Guthlac (Grein) 10 Sindon costinga..moniᵹe arisene. c1230Ancr. R. 234 In þe muchele anguise aros þe muchele mede. c1400Rom. Rose 7543 And on the folke ariseth blame. 1513Douglas æneid v. iv. 43 Heir first guid hope arrais to the twa last. 1526Tindale Mark iv. 17 As trouble and persecucion aryseth for the wordes sake. [So Cranm., Geneva, 1611; Wyclif, riseth.] 1590Shakes. Com. Err. v. i. 388 Thereupon these errors are arose. 1704Swift Batt. Bks. (1711) 228 If a new Species of controversial Books had not arose of late years. 1833I. Taylor Fanat. x. 433 Noticing as it arises, whatever fairly bears upon the question. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 145 All questions which arose in the Privy Council. 1922Joyce Ulysses 310 Arising out of the question of my honourable friend,..may I ask [etc.]? 1928Daily News 8 Dec. 9/3 Arising out of the Goddard case, [a man] was summoned..for threatening..an ex-Constable.
b. With more of the literal sense. (Hence often rise. Cf. 7, 9.)
1708Pope St. Cecilia 24 If in the breast tumultuous joys arise. 1711Addison Spect. No. 166 ⁋3 Those Thoughts which arise and disappear in the Mind of Man. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 11, I beg leave to throw out my thoughts, and express my feelings, just as they arise in my mind. 1857Maurice Epist. St. John iv. 55 Then arises in our minds a terrible sense of shame.
▪ II. † aˈrise, n. Obs. rare.
[f. prec. vb.; cf. rise, and earlier arist.]
Arising, rising.
1590Greene Neuer too late (1600) 61 Brighter then the sunnes arise. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 286 To beginne harvest at the arise of the Pleiades. c1665H. Woolrich Sheph. Israel to Bps. (title page) The arise of the Beast, False Prophet, and Anti-Christ. |