| 释义 |
▪ I. armour, n.|ˈɑːmə(r)|
Forms: 3–6, (9) armure, 4–5 armur, 4– armour; also 4 aarmour, aarmer, 4– 5 armer, armowr(e, 4–6 -oure, 4–9 armor, 5 armeure, -ewr(e, -ore, 5–6 armeur.
[a. OF. armeüre (13th c. armure):—L. armātūra armature. The current spelling in -our is not etymological, the termination being the same as in vest-ure.]
1. collect. sing. Defensive covering worn by one who is fighting; mail. Cf. arm n.2 1.
1297R. Glouc. 397 He & hys armure were þoru out hot. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. ii. 155 May non Armure hit lette. c1485Digby Myst. (1882) i. 352 Harneysed in armour of plate and maile. c1500Lancelot 824 Aȝaine his strok resistit non armour. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 209 Arms on Armour clashing. 1718Pope Iliad iii. 407 Beside each chief his azure armour lay. 1880Disraeli Endym. lix, Prince Florestan, in a suit of blue damascened armour.
†2. (with a pl.) A suit of mail. Obs. (Cf. 7.)
1375Barbour Bruce xi. 76 Wapnys and armowris purvayit thai. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 278/1 He had..armours ynowe for to garnysshe with seuen thousand men. 1569Tract in Grocers' Comp. (1869) 75 Rich and costly armours, guilt and engrauen. 1635Brereton Trav. 140 Furnished with about sixty or seventy armours for horse. 1681Trial S. Colledge 38 Did he discourse anything to you about Arms..Yes, he did, I had an Armour from him. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v., A compleat Armor antiently consisted of a casque or helm, a gorget, cuirasse, gantlets, tasses, brassets, cuisses, and covers for the legs.
†3.
a. collect. sing. with pl. Military equipment or accoutrement, both offensive and defensive, in the widest sense; the whole apparatus of war. Obs. exc. in Law.
a1300Becket 955 Other armure nadde he none, for holi churche to fiȝte. 1388Wyclif 1 Sam. xx. 40 Jonathas ȝaf hise armeris to the child. 1460J. Capgrave Chron. 195 This herd the Kyng, and stuffid the Toure with vitaile and armoure. 1489Caxton Faytes of Armes ii. xxxv. 151 With the same armewres they deffended and kepte theyre cyte. 1618Bolton Florus (1636) 319 The armours of the vanquisht were not consumed with fire. 1759Dumaresque in Phil. Trans. LI. 485 Their armour for war is a bow and arrows. 1809Tomlins Law Dict. s.v., Nor go armed, in affray of the peace, on pain to forfeit their armour.
†b. in obs. phrases in which arms is the usual word; cf. arm n.2 4.
1563Homilies ii. xxi. i. (1859) 559 Subjects who..take armour wickedly..to break the publique peace. 1570Holinshed Scot. Chron. (1806) I. 73 The people..were up in armour against the King. Ibid. 102 Rising up in armour against him. 1577― Chron. I. 85/1 Caused the trumpet to sound to armor. 1577Hanmer Anc. Eccl. Hist. (1619) 41 The Jewes beganne..to take up Armour against the Romans.
†4. The exercise or employment of arms; warfare, fighting, active hostilities. Cf. arm n.2 6. Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden Rolls Ser. II. 275 Nynus bare out armour [arma foris extulit.] Ibid. IV. 41 Þe Romaynes hadde imeoved noon armour wiþoute Italy. 1526Bp. Clerk To Wolsey in MS. Cott. Calig. D ix. 104 For a suspention off armeur. 1589Warner Alb. Eng. vi. xxxii. (1612) 159 She armour still pursu'd. 1602Ibid. Epit., Insurrections, and ciuill-armor.
5. fig. from prec. senses; but now only from 1.
1340Ayenb. 203 Þet is þe armure þet þe dyeuel dret mest. 1382Wyclif Rom. vi. 13 Neither ȝyue ȝe ȝoure membris aarmours [Tindale & 1611 instruments, Genev. weapons] of wickidnesse to synne. Ibid. xiii. 12 Be we clothid with the armeris of liȝt. 1526Tindale ibid., Let vs put on the Armoure of lyght. [So subseq. vers.] 1597J. Payne Royal Exch. 37 Put on the whole armor of God. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 491 And also arme With spiritual Armour. 1711Steele Spect. No. 114 ⁋7 Putting on unnecessary Armour against improbable Blows of Fortune. 1822Byron Werner i. i, Suspicion is a heavy armour.
6. transf. in Naut.
a. = arming vbl. n. 2 (obs.).
b. The steel or other metallic protective sheathing of a warship, military fortification, vehicle, or aircraft.
1466Mann. & Househ. Exp. 351 Blanket for sheldes for toppe armore of the kervelle xiiijd. 1855W. M. Gwin (D.A.E.) (title) Report [of] the Committee on Naval Affairs, who were instructed to inquire into the expediency of using submarine armors in the United States navy. 1861in Offic. Rec. Union & Confed. Navies (U.S.) 1st Ser. IV. 222 (D.A.E.), This addition would nearly treble the strength of the armor. 1870in Eng. Mech. 7 Jan. 396/2 A belt of armour..to protect broadside guns. 1883Times 27 Aug. 3/5 Three balls penetrated the armour of the Bayard.
c. Armoured vehicles collectively.
1944Return to Attack (Army Board, N.Z.) 18/1 Effective enemy 88-millimetre guns, which moved with the tanks, had done much damage to our armour. 1945News Chron. 18 Apr. 1/5 British armour..has pushed to within 25 miles of Hamburg.
7. A diver's water-tight suit; (cf. 2.)
1822Burrowes Cycl. IV. 175/1 In the year 1617 Francis Kessler gave a description of his water-armour, intended also for diving. 1869Eng. Mech. 1 Oct. 39/1 The best armours now in use are those made of rubber and canvas..The use of this bell has been superseded by the submarine armour.
8. Nat. Hist. Protective or defensive covering of animals or plants; abstr. protection, defence (obs.).
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. vii. §7 The firmness of hides is for the armour of the body against extremities of heat or cold. 1647Cowley Mistr., Request vi, Piercing the armour of their [i.e. Fishes] Scales. 1814W. Taylor in Month. Mag. XXXVIII. 148 Thy burnish'd armure speck with glossier jet. 1854Owen in Orr's Circ. Sc. Org. Nat. I. 165 In these colossal armadillos the trunk-armour was in one immovable piece.
†9. Magnetism. = armature 6 a. Obs.
1730Savery in Phil. Trans. XXXVI. 333 Touched on the soft Armour of a Magnet. 1751Chambers Cycl., The usual armour of a loadstone.
10. Heraldic insignia or devices. coat armour = ‘coat of arms,’ originally a vest of silk or other rich material embroidered in colours, worn over the armour of a knight, to distinguish him in the lists or on the field of battle. Cf. arm n.2 14.
c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 585 With ryche cote armure. c1384Chaucer H. Fame 1326 Euery man..Had on him throwen a vesture Whiche that men clepyn a cote armure Enbrowded wonderly ryche. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxii. 12 Þese aren cristes armes, Hus colours and hus cote-armure. 1548Hall Chron. 87 To colouren or hiden in any maner tho [? the] armures. 1628Coke On Litt. 18 b, If a Nobleman haue his coat armor and Pennions with his armes. 1679–88Secr. Serv. Moneys Chas. II (1851) 43 For a suite of silk armour 31 li. 1683Luttrell Brief Rel. I. 264 A pair of pistolls, and an armour made of silk.
¶ For armer or armourer.
1550Crowley Epigr. 426, He turneth no manne To profite or gayne Except it be the surgian, or the armore. 1629S'hertogenbosh 38 We brought also in the Towne many armours, and a Serjeant of theirs.
11. Comb. and attrib., as armour-joint, armour-work; armour-fish (see quot.); armour glass, toughened glass (cf. armour-plate1 2); armour-piercing a., (of a shell, bomb, gun, etc.) designed to pierce the armour-plating of ships, tanks, etc.; armour-proof a., as impenetrable as armour, or ? proof against weapons; armour-shelf, a wide shelf extending below the waterline of an armoured ship, supporting the edge of the armour plating; armour-wise adv., in the manner of armour. Also armour-bearer, -clad, -plate, q.v.
1748Phil. Trans. XLV. 170 Cataphractus Americanus, the Armour-Fish..less than a Foot in length, and four Inches broad.
1932Jrnl. Soc. Glass Technol. XVI. 478 Armour Glass..similar to that made by Messrs. Pilkington Bros. in this country.
1878Browning Poets Croisic cvii, Stabbed..through the armour-joints!
1897Daily News 19 July 9/5 Their 12-inch armour-piercing shot. 1922Encycl. Brit. XXX. 122/1 Armour-piercing projectiles for maximum penetration.
1940R. W. B. Clarke Britain's Blockade 17 Armour plate of high resistance power and armour-piercing bombs of great penetrating power.
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. Apol. 561 They that believe all things alike..shall be armour-proof.
1868E. J. Reed Shipbuilding in Iron & Steel xx. 460 The armour shelf having been completed for a portion of the length amidships, the working of the skin-plating behind armour and of the longitudinal girders is commenced. 1890W. J. Gordon Foundry 35 The next, in frame up to her armour-shelf, is an iron-clad of 10,000 tons, building for Her Majesty's Navy.
1875Browning Aristoph. Apol. 240 That which himself went wearing armour-wise.
1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 2 [The Flea's] head, body, and limbs also, be all of blackish armourwork.
▪ II. armour, v.|ˈɑːmə(r)|
[f. prec. n.]
To put armour on; to furnish with a defensive or protective covering.
c1450Lonelich Grail xiii. 242 Eualach comanded anon His men to armure thame euerichon. 1864Daily Tel. 22 June, The Kearsage had been armoured during the night with her chain-cables. 1870Eng. Mech. 11 Mar. 625/3 Cables for submarine use may be afterwards armoured..with wires. 1883Spurgeon Purit. Gard. 175 Our glorious Leader would never have armed and armoured all his followers. |