| 释义 |
‖ retinaculum|rɛtɪˈnækjʊləm|
Pl. -ula.
[L. retināculum, f. retinēre to hold back, retain.]
†1. Surg. (See quot.) Obs.—0
1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl., Retinaculum, the name of a chirurgical instrument used in castration, and in the operation for a hernia, to prevent the intestines from falling into the scrotum.
2. Ent.
a. (See quot. 1826.)
1825T. Say Explan. Terms Entom. 29. 1826 Kirby & Sp. Entomol. III. xxxiii. 391 The Retinaculum, a minute horny moveable scale or plate with which the darts are furnished, which prevents their dislocation by being shot forth too far.
b. An arrangement of hooks, or of hooks and bristles, whereby the fore and hind wings of insects are interlocked when in flight.
1856–8W. Clark Van der Hoeven's Zool. I. 393 Wings horizontal for the most part or deflected, guarded by a retinaculum with few exceptions. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 500 The fore and hind wings may be connected together by retinacula, either a series of hooklets on the fore-edge of the hind wings.., or a hook and bristle with a bundle of stout hairs.
c. In collembolans, a fused pair of appendages which hold back the furcula before releasing it for a spring.
1923H. M. Lefroy Man. Entomol. 15 A curious appendage, the so-called ‘catch’ or retinaculum,..holds the furca in place when not in use. 1939H. Womersley Primitive Insects S. Austral. 81 When the retinaculum releases the spring, the latter strikes the ground, forcing the insect to leap a considerable distance. 1969R. F. Chapman Insects xiv. 264 The appendages of the third and fourth segments of the abdomen of many Collembola form the retinaculum and the furca which are used in locomotion.
3. Bot. (See quot. 1849.)
1849Balfour Man. Bot. §421 In Orchids, each of the pollen masses has a prolongation or stalk,..which often adheres to a prolongation at the base of the anther..by means of a viscid tenacious matter secreted by cells, and denominated retinacula. 1857Henfrey Bot. 119. 1861 Bentley Bot. 262. |