| 释义 |
retinitis Path.|rɛtɪˈnaɪtɪs|
[f. retina + -itis.]
a. Acute inflammation of the retina.
1861Bumstead Ven. Dis. (1879) 723 Retinitis is by no means as frequent a symptom of secondary syphilis as iritis. 1879St. George's Hosp. Rep. IX. 532 A specimen of pigmentary retinitis, with commencing lenticular opacity. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 828 The retinal degeneration of diabetes, constituting the ‘diabetic retinitis’ of some authors.
b. retinitis pigmentosa [mod.L.: fem. of pigmentōsus, f. pigment-um pigment + -ōsus: see -ose1], a chronic, hereditary form of retinitis characterized by the occurrence of black pigment in the retina and leading gradually to blindness.
1861Amer. Med. Monthly & N.Y. Rev. XV. 183 Let us hope that there may soon be found a remedy for retinitis pigmentosa. 1865Ophthalmic Rev. I. 47 The occurrence of pigment in the retina.., on account of its marked character in the case of the Spanish Marquis Ariani, was called morbus Arianus, an appellation which has, since Donders's pathological and anatomical researches, become changed into that of retinitis pigmentosa. 1910Encycl. Brit. X. 98/1 Where the connective tissue elements are primarily affected [by retinal inflammation], the condition is a slow one, similar to sclerosis of the central nervous system. The gradual blindness which this causes is due to compression of the retinal nerve elements by the connective tissue hyperplasia, which is always associated with characteristic changes in the disposition of the retinal pigment. This retinal sclerosis is consequently generally known as retinitis pigmentosa, a disease to which there is a hereditary predisposition. 1925Amer. Jrnl. Ophthalm. VIII. 375/1 Since the eye changes are so constantly associated with bodily defects, hereditary, congenital and acquired, the nervous system may be the primary seat of the affection of which retinitis pigmentosa is only the ocular expression. 1952C. P. Blacker Eugenics x. 242 Retinitis pigmentosa, a serious disease of the eye which has been much studied, may be determined by at least five separate genes of which only one is clinically distinguishable from the rest. 1969Listener 16 Jan. 66/1 One serious congenital abnormality—a form of blindness manifest in adults, retinitis pigmentosa—the early symptoms of which are likely to appear after a man is married and had children, who will then continue to carry the gene. |