| 释义 |
Arrhenius Chem.|əˈriːnɪəs, -ˈreɪn-|
The name of S. A. Arrhenius (1859–1927), Swedish physical chemist, used attrib. with reference to the description of the rates of chemical reactions by the Arrhenius equation, k = A exp (-E/RT), where k is the rate constant of a reaction, A is a constant, E is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. [Propounded by Arrhenius in Zeitschr. f. physik. Chem. (1889) IV. 226.]
1924F. O. Rice in H. S. Taylor Treat. Physical Chem. II. xiv. 901 We cannot derive the empirical Arrhenius equation by postulating that the water is present in two forms. 1948Glasstone Textbk. Physical Chem. (ed. 2) xiii. 1088 The Arrhenius equation is widely applicable not only to homogeneous gas reactions, but also to reactions in solution and to heterogeneous processes. 1967Margerison & East Introd. Polymer Chem. iv. 207 For the simple three-reaction polymerization scheme.., the effect of temperature on the various parameters can be predicted by replacing the rate constants by the appropriate Arrhenius expressions. 1978P. W. Atkins Physical Chem. xxvi. 852 The rates of chemical reactions..depend very strongly on the temperature, and many follow the Arrhenius rate law. 1979Nature 26 July 326/2 The latency between depolarisation of the fibre and the onset of the rise in intracellular free Ca2+ is proportional to the reciprocal temperature, but..on an Arrhenius plot this relationship shows a change in slope at a temperature which depends upon the Ca2+ concentration in the bathing solution. |