| 释义 |
ascribe, v.|əˈskraɪb|
Forms: 4–7 ascrive, 5 ascryve, asscribe, 6 ascrybe, 6–7 adscribe 6– ascribe.
[a. OF. ascriv- stem of ascrire, cogn. w. It. ascrivere: —L. ascr-, adscrīb-ĕre, f. ad- to + scrīb-ĕre to write. In 16th c. altered to ascribe after L., though ascrive was occasionally used till late in the 17th. The historical appearance of the senses in Eng. does not correspond with the logical development in Latin.]
I. To write into; to add to a writing, register, list, etc.
†1. trans. To annex or add in writing, to subscribe:
a. to subjoin (one's name);
b. to subjoin one's name to (a document). Obs.
1603B. Jonson Sejanus v. v. 4 Beare it [an Edict] to my fellow Consul to adscribe. 1649Nethersole Self-Cond. 3 The ascribing of my name would..have substracted from..the weight of those discourses.
†2. To inscribe, dedicate to. (So in OFr.) Obs.
1554Philpot Exam. & Writ. (1842) 328 Unto those [Princes] also the sentences and arguments ought to be ascribed. 1563Shute Archit. C ij b, The secound pillor called Dorica, being ascribed to Hercules.
†3. To enroll, register, reckon in a class. Obs.
1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 376/1 Ascribed..into the noumber of his elect and peculier chosen people. c1540tr. Pol. Verg. (1846) I. 174 She died, and was ascribed emonge the sainctes. 1628Hobbes Thucydides (1822) 18 Desiring you to ascribe them to the number of your confederates. 1680Aubrey in Bliss Lett. Eminent Persons (1813) II. 632 He would long since have been ascribed a member there.
†4. To appoint (to a vacancy). (So in OFr.) Obs.
1624Heywood Gunaik. vi. 272 One of the Priests of the foresaid number dyed, neyther..was any agreed upon or thought fit to be ascribed into his place.
II. To enter into an account, to reckon, count.
5. trans. To enter (a thing) to in an account, to set it to the credit of; to assign, attribute, impute, refer as due or owing to.
1382Wyclif 2 Sam. xii. 28 Lest..to my name the victorie be ascrived. 1494Fabyan vi. ccxvi. 235 The which dede he ascribed chefely vnto Harolde. 1528More Heresyes iv. Wks. 286/2 Al which miracles al those blessed saintes do ascribe vnto the worke of god. 1651Hobbes Leviath i. viii. 37 The same Græcians did often ascribe madnesse to the operation of the Eumenides. 1711Addison Spect. No. 321 ⁋6 This speech is..the finest that is ascribed to Satan in the whole Poem. 1746Johnson Plan Dict. Wks. IX. 185 We usually ascribe good; but impute evil. 1833H. Martineau Berkeley i. viii. 159 Others ascribed the whole disaster to the use of small notes. 1879Lockyer Elem. Astron. v. xxxiii. 193 The invention of clocks is variously ascribed to the sixth and ninth centuries.
†b. ellipt. (intr.) To give or attribute credit to.
1603Sir C. Heydon Jud. Astrol. ii. 56 Some..againe did as greatly admire, and ascribe vnto it. 1667Decay Chr. Piety xvii. §15. 357 Many are apt to ascribe too unlimitedly to the force of a good meaning.
6. To reckon or count to, as a property or characteristic (rarely as a material possession); to consider or allege as belonging to, to claim for.
c1400Apol. Loll. 110 Þei chalang not þis only þat is ascriuid, but þei tak a vey all þingis fro alle men. 1528Paynell Salerne Regim. Q iv, The forsayde vtilites..be ascriued to prunes of Armeny. 1652Needham tr. Selden's Mare Cl. 448 This sea also is ascribed by som to the King of Great Britain. 1667Phil. Trans. II. 492 The use, which he adscribes to the Brain. 1880G. P. Morris Poems 163 Ascribing with the true and just All ‘holiness unto the Lord.’ 1877W. Lytteil Landm. ii. ii. 93 The conclusion which ascribes to the lands of Trahour the site of an ancient Church.
†7. To reckon, reckon up, count. Obs.
1432–50tr. Higden (1865) 37 Þe Romanes..ascribede theire yeres from the begynnenge of theire cite y-made. 1601Holland Pliny II. 586 Sotacus ascribeth and setteth downe fiue sundry kinds of the load-stone.
†8. with compl. To reckon, consider as. refl. To reckon oneself, claim, pretend to be. (So in OFr.) Obs.
1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 504 Ane lord thair wes than in Northumberland..Ascryvand him to be of Danis blude. 1580North Plutarch 181 (R.) Hereupon the Athenians do ascribe that day for a most unfortunate day.
¶ ? catachr. for describe. But cf. 5.
1509Barclay Ship of Fooles (1570) 217 Suche a wise man as Virgil doth ascribe. |