| 释义 |
Asperger, n. Psychiatry.
Brit. |ˈasˌpəːgə|, U.S. |ˈasˌpərgər|
[‹ the name of Hans Asperger (1906–80), Austrian psychiatrist, who described the condition in 1944 (Arch. Psychiatrie u. Nervenkrankheiten11776).]
I. Compounds.
1. Asperger's syndrome n. (also Asperger syndrome) a developmental disorder characterized by severe and sustained dysfunction in social interaction and by the development of restricted interests and activities, without delay in language or cognitive development, occurring more commonly in boys and considered to be a mild form of autistic disorder.
Asperger's disorder is now the preferred term (see below, esp. quot. 1994 Asperger's disorder n. at 3).
1971Jrnl. Autism & Childhood Schizophrenia 1 82 Early infantile autism and autistic psychopathy were first reported within the span of 1 year (1943–1944). While the former (Kanner's syndrome) has become the widely known focus of intensive investigation, the latter (Asperger's syndrome) did not receive the attention it deserves. 1981L. Wing in Psychol. Med. 11 115/1 The name he [sc. Asperger] chose for this pattern was autistic psychopathy, using the latter word in the technical sense of an abnormality of personality. This has led to a misunderstanding because of the popular tendency to equate psychopathy with sociopathic behaviour. For this reason, the neutral term Asperger's syndrome is to be preferred and will be used here. 1987Developmental Med. & Child Neurol. 29 641/2 It is possible that the three boys with Asperger syndrome (AS) would have been diagnosed as having infantile autism. 1992Nature 9 Jan. 123/1 Typical of Asperger's syndrome are children or adults who are socially inept but often socially interested. 2001Independent 25 Jan. ii. 8/2 It has become clear that many more people are affected by autistic spectrum disorders, including Asperger's syndrome.
2. attrib. Suffering from Asperger's disorder; of or relating to Asperger's disorder.
1978Padiatrie & Padologie 13 371 The results of two psychological experiments with a group of Asperger autists and Kanner autists. 1985Psychol. Med. 15 683 Asperger subjects tended to be poorer than comparable patients on all subtests. 1992Nature 9 Jan. 123/1 [He] presents six detailed family studies, illustrated with genealogical trees, each containing a remarkable distribution of members with Asperger traits, autism or full Asperger syndrome. 1995Independent on Sunday 8 Jan. (Rev. Suppl.) 73/2 The Asperger individual desires the contact but does not understand the rules that govern social behaviour.
3. Asperger's disorder n. (also Asperger disorder) = Asperger's syndrome n. at 1.
1994Diagnostic & Statist. Man. Mental Disorders (Amer. Psychiatric Assoc.) (ed. 4) 76 Asperger's Disorder is not diagnosed if criteria are met for another Pervasive Developmental Disorder. 1997Harper's Mag. Feb. 62/2 Current among the many symptoms of the deranged mind are..shyness (299.80, also known as Asperger's Disorder). 2001Jrnl. Child Psychol. & Psychiatry 41 769 This study explored the claim that individuals with autism and Asperger's disorder tend to process locally rather than holistically.
II. Simple uses.
4. In the genitive, used absol. = Asperger's syndrome n. at 1.
1990Developmental Med. & Child Neurol. 32 743 (title) Is Asperger's a syndrome? 1991Jrnl. Amer. Acad. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 30 152 (title) Autism and Asperger's: same or different? 1995Church Times 5 May 15/1 Asperger's is..manifested in repetitive patterns of behaviour, extreme anxiety states and obsessive interests which isolate the sufferer. 1999K. W. Merrell Behavioral, Social, & Emotional Assessment of Children & Adolescents xi. 282 Asperger's is characterized by the lack of clinically significant delays in cognitive development, self-help skills, and nonsocial adaptive behaviors. |