| 释义 |
rhabdo-|ˈræbdəʊ, ræbˈdɒ|
combining form of Gr. ῥάβδος rod, occurring in a few technical terms (chiefly zoological): ˈrhabdocœl(e [Gr. κοῖλος hollow] a., having a straight digestive cavity, as turbellarian worms; n., a worm of this kind; one of the Rhabdocœla. rhabdoˈcœlian, -ˈcœlous adjs., = prec. rhabdoˈcrepid a. [Gr. κρηπίς foundation], belonging to the group Rhabdocrepida of lithistid sponges having desmas of various forms. ˈrhabdocyst, a rod-like cell. ˈrhabdolith [Gr. λίθος stone], one of the rod-like bodies forming the armature of a rhabdosphere. ˈrhabdomere [Gr. µέρος], one of the rod-like constituents of a rhabdom; hence rhabdoˈmeric a. rhabdomyˈolysis Path., the pathological lysis of skeletal muscle. ‖ ˌrhabdomyˈoma, a myoma involving the striped muscular fibres (Dunglison Dict. Med. 1876). ˌrhabdomyosarˈcoma Path., a malignant neoplasm of skeletal muscle (malignant rhabdomyoma), or (but see quots. 1958, 1976) of embryonic tissue. ‖ rhabdoˈnema [Gr. νῆµα thread], a minute slender worm living in the duodenum. ˈrhabdophane, rhabˈdophanite [Gr. -ϕανής appearing], see quots.: identified with scovillite. ˈrhabdopod, one of the clasping organs of the Ephemeridæ. ‖ rhabdosarˈcoma (see quot.). ˈrhabdosome, † -soma Palæont. [Gr. σῶµα body], a colony of conjoined graptolites. ˈrhabdosphere, a name given to certain spherical bodies found in abundance on the surface of the waters in warm seas. ˈrhabdovirus Biol., any of the group of RNA viruses that includes the rabies virus.
1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. iv. 194 The *rhabdocœle Turbellaria. 1883Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XXIII. 353 Graff's Rhabdocœl family of the Proboscida. Ibid. 355 Phylogenetically related to the separate proboscis of certain Rhabdocœls.
1864T. S. Cobbold Entozoa i. 10 *Rhabdocœlian group [of Planarians].
1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. iv. 178 The higher *rhabdocœlous Turbellaria.
1887Sollas in Encycl. Brit. XXII. 416/2 *Rhabdocrepid desma. Ibid. 422/1 A distinct passage can be traced from the Tetracladose to the Rhabdocrepid group.
1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 332 In the Turbellaria very similar structures are met with in the *rhabdocysts or rod-cells.
1885Challenger Rep., Narr. Cruise I. i. 194 In all the deposits the carbonate of lime consisted chiefly of pelagic Foraminifera, Coccoliths, and *Rhabdoliths.
1883Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XXIII. 211 The compound hard-piece formed in the axis of a retinula by the union of the laterally formed *rhabdomeres of its constituent nerve-end cells. 1932Borradaile & Potts Invertebrata x. 274 In the midst of each retinula is a vertical rod, known as the rhabdom, secreted by the cells of the sheaf in vertical sections which, when they are distinct, are known as rhabdomeres. 1974Nature 29 Mar. 380/3 In the worker honey bee,..eight photoreceptor cells..each contribute a wedge of microvilli (termed a rhabdomere).
1969Nature 9 Aug. 641/1 No noticeable swelling of the *rhabdomeric microvilli was observed during exposure to ultraviolet light. 1976Ibid. 12 Aug. 626/2 The ultrastructure of invertebrate rhabdomeric visual cells have been studied.
1956D. H. Bowden et al. in Medicine XXXV. 351 Biochemical and histological data have been obtained in three children with paroxysmal myohaemoglobinuria. These findings indicate that the recurrent symptom complex is the result of a pathological process in which striated muscle suddenly undergoes lysis. As a more satisfactory description of the disease, we propose that the condition be renamed acute recurrent *rhabdomyolysis. 1963Amer. Jrnl. Med. XXXIV. 554/1 Idiopathic recurrent rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria is a syndrome characterized by acute skeletal muscle weakness and pain associated with the passage of urine that is darkly pigmented owing to myoglobin. 1976Lancet 18 Dec. 1343/1 Rhabdomyolysis is usually caused by serious muscle trauma (crush injuries), electric shock, arterial occlusion, or toxins (drugs, sea-snake bite).
1898T. N. Kelynack Renal Growths xi. 104 (caption) *Rhabdo-myo-sarcoma of left kidney. 1940Pack & Anglem in H. W. Dargeon Cancer in Childhood 95 The recurrent rhabdomyosarcomas, the diffusely invasive sarcomas of striated muscle and those which are so deeply adherent that a local excision is not feasible, are best treated by amputation. 1958Trans. Ophthalm. Soc. LXXVIII. 96 The exact cytological classification may eventually prove to be important from the prognostic and therapeutic point of view, so that the term rhabdomyosarcoma should not be applied unless striations have been demonstrated unequivocally. 1974J. R. Wilbur et al. in Neoplasia of Head & Neck 281 Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. 1976Proc. R. Soc. Med. LXIX. 897/1 It has been suggested (Ashton 1958) that all such tumours should be regarded as embryonal sarcomas because of their origin from undifferentiated foci of mesenchymal cells, and that the term ‘rhabdomyosarcoma’ should be applied only when there is evidence of longitudinal and cross-striations in the tumour cells, an indication perhaps of some degree of differentiation.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 1088 The mature *rhabdonema lives in the intestinal mucus of the duodenum.
1878Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXXIV. 652 A specimen in the Mineralogical Collection, Oxford, labelled Cornwall blende, was found..to consist essentially of didymium and erbium phosphates. The name *Rhabdophane has been given to this very rare mineral.
1892Dana Min. 820 *Rhabdophanite. Rhabdophane... Scovillite.
1898Packard Textbk. Entom. 179 The cercopods and *rhabdopods in the Trichoptera.
1891Moullin Surg. 131 In the *rhabdo-sarcomata the muscle takes the form of transversely striated fibrils, or of elongated spindle-cells, also striated.
1893Lunds Univ. Arsskrift XXIX. xii. 1, I have prepared..a series of longitudinal and transverse sections through the *rhabdosoma of several species. 1910Encycl. Brit. XII. 366/2 It is the general practice of palæontologists to regard each graptolite polypary (rhabdosome) developed from a single sicula as an individual of the highest order. 1935Twenhofel & Shrock Invertebr. Paleontol. iv. 90 The Dendroidea include graptolites with fan-shaped rhabdosomes composed of branches or stems joined together into a trellis-like framework by means of transverse bars. 1966McGraw–Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VI. 259/2 The Ordovician graptoloids have been subdivided into a large number of genera, based mainly on the branching and form of rhabdosome.
1885Challenger Rep., Narr. Cruise I. i. 218 The occurrence of the following organisms was noted during the trip... *Rhabdospheres, Coccospheres.
[1965Ann. Inst. Pasteur CIX. 633 The viruses possessing RNA, helical symmetry and a naked nucleocapsid, the order of Rhabdovirales is subdivided into two suborders according to the rigidity or flexibility of the virion.] 1966Progress Med. Virol. VIII. 404 *Rhabdovirus group. This group was recently proposed to include members whose structure is rod-shaped but is more like a bullet, flat at one end and rounded at the other. 1976Jrnl. Gen. Virol. XXXII. 369 Rhabdoviruses infecting plant and vertebrate cells differ in their morphology. |