| 释义 |
▪ I. rice, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.|raɪs|
Forms: 1 -hrís, 3, 6 ris (5 risse), 4–7 rys, 5–6, 9 ryss; 3–6, 9 rise, 5–7, 9 ryse (9 ryze), ryce, 6– rice; 9 reis(s, reise, reyce.
[Common Teutonic: OE. -hrís (in comb. ᵹeléafhrís), = Fris. riis, rys, MDu. and Du. rijs, OS. *hrîs (dat. rise), OHG. hriis (MHG. rîs, G. reis), ON. hrís (Norw., Sw., and Da. ris): the stem may be an ablaut-variant of that represented by Goth. hrisjan to shake.]
†1. collect.
a. Without article: Twigs or small branches on growing trees or bushes. Obs.
c1205Lay. 740 Ich eou wlle leden forð to mine lauerde i þon wode rime, þer he vnder rise lið. c1305Land Cokayne 8 What is þer in paradis, Bot grasse and flure and grene ris? 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1698 Rocheres roungen bi rys, for rurde of her hornes. c1480Henryson Mor. Fab. 1327 The rosis reid arrayit on rone and ryce [v.r. rys]. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. Prol. 35 Baith foullis, flouris, and rice Recomfort was. 15..Tayis Bank 109 Quhair ron & ryss raiss in aray.
†b. So with the. Obs.
a1250Owl & Night. 1664 Foweles..sungen al so uale wise Þat blisse wes among þe ryse. c1450Holland Howlat 89 The Howlet wylest in wyce, Raikit vnder the rys. c1500World & the Child 268, I am ryall arayde to reuen [? read rennen] vnder the ryse. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. III. 233 With buglis blast quhill rairdit all the ryce.
2. collect.
a. Twigs, small branches, or brushwood, cut and used for various purposes. stake and rice (see stake n.).
a1225Ancr. R. 100 Leswe þine ticchenes bi heordmonne hulen of ris & of leaues. a1250Owl & Night. 586 Þar þornes boþ & ris i-draȝe, Bi hegge & bi þicke wode. 1471–2Durh. MS. Cell. Roll, Pro le fellyng del Ryss pro emendacione sepium, ij s. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. III. 227 Trynchis [he] gart mak..And stoibbit thame with ryce. 1594in N. & Q. (1881) 6th Ser. III. 428 None shall gett Ryce in Bardengill on paine of xijd a burthen. 1612Naworth Househ. Bks. (Surtees) 37 For cutting ryse at Netherton, and dyking. 1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. 330 Rice, the shrouds or tops of Trees, or fellings of Coppices. 1789Davidson Seasons 51 Now weir an' fence o' wattl'd rice, The hained fields inclose. 1821Carlyle Early Lett. (1889) II. 13 As a man cutting rice would wish to do. 1829J. Hunter Hallamsh. Gloss., Rice, sticks used in gardens to support pease and beans or any deciduous plants. 1894Heslop Northumb. Gloss s.v., The brushwood used to bed in with stones in the weiring of rivers is called rice.
b. The stems of peas or beans. (E. Anglian.)
1889Macm. Mag. Sept. 360 Olly..pulled the rice..and I sat and stripped the peas.
3. a. A single twig or small branch.
a1250Owl & Night. 1636 Þe nihtegale iherde þis An hupte uppon on blowe ris. 13..Cursor M. 5614 (Gött.), A kist of rises did scho be wroght. 1507–8Durh. Acct. Rolls III. 660 Pro fossacione ejusdem, cum lez Stakes et Ricez. 15..Christ's Kirk xv. in Bann. MS., Heich Hucheoun with a hissill ryss, To red can throw thame rummill. 1578Lyte Dodoens 473 Garden Smilax hath long and small branches..taking holdfast when they be succoured with rises or long poles. 1814Scott Wav. lviii, I saw him whisk away through amang the reises. 1839Wilson Tales Borders V. 322 (E.D.D.), Like a squirrel, swinging frae ae ryss to anither. 1894Heslop Northumb. Gloss. s.v., When tall hedges are cut down a rice is generally run alongside.
†b. Without article, in phr. on (or in) rice. Obs.
c1300in Wright Lyric P. v. 26 Hire rode is ase rose that red is on rys. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 1015 As whyte as lylye or rose in rys. a1400Pistill of Susan 72 Þe rose ragged on rys. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 854 The blude of thair bodeis.., As roise ragit on rise, Our ran thair riche vedis.
†c. So upon, on, or in the rice. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 138 He hadde a gay surplys, As whit as is the blosme vpon the rys. a1500London Lickpenny ix, Hot pescods.., Strabery rype, and cherryes in the ryse. 1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 237 The cowschet crowdis and pirkis on the rys. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) i. 4 Welcum, oure rubent roiss vpoun þe ryce!
4. A reel or winder. (Cf. reed n.1 9 a.)
1611Florio, Naspo, a rice or reele for silke or yarne. 1611Cotgr., Tournette, a Rice, or Yarwingle to wind yarne on. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xxi. (Roxb.) 265/2 Upon this Barrell the wyer is turned as it is drawn of the Rice through the seuerall degrees of holes. 1895R. Marsden Cotton Weaving viii. 272 The hanks are placed upon light, collapsible hexagon reels termed rices. 1953A. Jobson Househ. & Country Crafts xi. 124 The winder worked in conjunction with a wrap wheel, or an adjustable wool winder, which was a stand to which were attached rices or runners. 1957Simpson & Weir Weaver's Craft (ed. 8) viii. 94 It is a great saving of time if a ‘rice’ or ‘swift’ is available, in which case the wool may be taken directly from the skeins to the warping board.
5. attrib., as rice-bloom, rice-bush, rice-dike, rice-hedge, rice-wood; † rice-bank, a mound faced with brushwood; rice creel, a frame for holding rices (sense 4); rice-knife (see quot. 1894).
1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 524 Than..rakit [they] hame to ther rest, through the rise blwmys. 1642Rel. of Action bef. Cirencester 4 The streets were barricadoed up with..waggons of bavins or Rice-bushes. 1665Manley Grotius' Low-C. Wars 424 For taking the Bridge,..he raised against the Wall a Tower, which is called a Rice-Bank. 1847Halliw. s.v. Rise, Rise-dike, a hedge made of boughs and twigs. Ibid., Rise-wood, small wood cut for hedging. 1881N. & Q. 6th Ser. IV. 53/2 When a fence is made of stakes with dead thorns twined in, it is called a ‘rice-hedge’. 1894Heslop Northumb. Gloss. s.v., Rice-knife, a light slasher with a hooked point, used for cutting hedges. 1895R. Marsden Cotton Weaving viii. 272 They are very light, and easily revolve with the pull of the thread. This is termed the rice creel.
▪ II. rice, n.2|raɪs|
Forms: α. 3–6 rys, 5 rysz, ryzs, 5–6 ryse, rysse; 4–5 ris, 6–7 rise, rize. β. 5–7 ryce, 6– rice.
[ME. rys, etc., = Fris. rys, Du. rijst, † rijs, rys, MLG. riis, rîs, MHG. rîs (G. reis), MSw. riis (Sw. and Da. ris), a. OF. ris (F. riz), ad. It. riso, repr. L. *orizum, var. of oriza, oryza, a. Gr. ὄρυζα (also ὄρυζον), probably of Oriental origin. Sp. and Pg. arroz is from Arab. aruz(z, uruz(z.]
1. The seeds of the plant Oryza sativa, forming one of the important food-grains of the world.
α1234Close Roll 18 Hen. III (1905) 381 Dimidiam centenam de rys; et j. centenam piperis. 1299Durh. MS. Burs. Roll, In C et v li. de Rys, xxjs. vjd. 1390Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 22 Pro vj lb. floure de rys. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxx. 134 Þai ete milet and rysz. c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 16 Take ryse and wasshe and grynde hem smalle. 1535Coverdale Gen. xxv. 34 Then Iacob gaue him bred and that meace of ryse. 1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions ii. viii. 166 Their drincke is a bruage that thei make sometyme of Rize, sometyme of Barlie. 1626Bacon Sylva §49 Rize is in Turky and other Countries of the East, most fed upon. 1653Greaves Seraglio 22 Broth of Rise and pulse dressed after divers fashions.
βc1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 14 Floure of ryce þou grynd. c1440Promp. Parv. 433/1 Ryce, frute, risia, vel risi. 1541Elyot Cast. Helthe 13 Ryce with almond milk. 1582Munday Eng. Rom. Life vi. 65 One to fetch milke, an other to make ready Rice for the pottage. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 240 Wot you forsooth why Rice is so generally eaten and so valuable? 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 35 For Corn, they have Rice the Staff of the Land. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet in Aliments, etc. i. 250 Rice, nourishing, good in Hæmorrages. 1801Encycl. Brit. Suppl. II. 462 Rice is a favourite substitute for bread in years of scarcity. 1867H. Macmillan Bible Teach. v. (1870) 103 Rice..furnishes the chief article of diet for the largest proportion of the human race.
2. The rice-plant, Oryza sativa.
1562Turner Herbal ii. (1568) 41 Nether cocle nor tares are in any poynt like unto ryse. Ibid. 72 b, Rys is to looke to lyke vnto Lolium or darnel. 1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl. App., Rice, the English name of a genus of plants, known among botanists by that of Oryza. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xviii. (1794) 252 The Rice is almost the only plant to be found in the second order of this class. 1832Tennyson Pal. Art 114 Many a tract of palm and rice. 1866Treas. Bot. 826/1 The Common Rice is a marsh-plant.
3. With pl. A kind or variety of rice.
1681Knox Ceylon iii. 9, I have hitherto spoken of those Rices that require to grow in Water. 1826Ainslie Mat. Indica I. i. i. 340 Supposing the rices of different crops to have very different effects.
4. a. In full, wild rice. An aquatic North American grass, Zizania aquatica, or its seeds.
1775A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada (1901) 242 The women brought me a further and very valuable present, of twenty bags of rice. 1814Lunan Hort. Jamaic. II. 242 The seeds..are a good substitute for rice, and for this reason it is called wild rice in America. 1858Homans Cycl. Comm. 1633/2 The wild rice, or water oat, Zizania aquatica, which grows along the muddy shores of our tide-waters. 1874J. W. Long Amer. Wild-fowl viii. 135 Almost the entire surface is covered with the dense growth of the wild oats or rice. 1950Chicago Tribune 18 Mar. 10/3 New rice will stir in the lake's dark bed.
b. petty rice (see petty a. 5).
5. attrib.
a. In sense ‘made, prepared, or derived from rice’, as rice-arrack, rice ball, rice-beer, rice bran, rice brandy, rice-bread, rice-broth, rice bun, rice-cake, rice cracker, rice-cream, rice-dust, rice-flake, rice flour, rice gin, rice meal, rice-meat, rice mould, rice noodle, rice oil, rice pancake, rice polish, rice porridge, rice pottage, rice pudding, rice-salad, rice-slop, rice soup, rice spirit, rice-starch, rice wine, etc.
1875Encycl. Brit. II. 628 A nauseous and unpalatable spirit.., which goes by the name of *rice arrack.
1850New England Farmer II. 322/1 *Rice Balls.—Pour upon half a pound of rice three pints of boiling milk [etc.]. 1974G. Jenkins Bridge of Magpies ix. 141 His contribution consisted of some rice balls and bright sticky sweets.
1795tr. Thunberg's Trav. (ed. 2) IV. 76 The Seuki Colic, which proceeds from the use of Sacki, or *Rice-beer. 1898Westm. Rev. May 514 The women made rice-beer for their partners to drink.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., *Rice-bran. 1970Simon & Howe Dict. Gastron. 327/1 Rice bran is the first major by-product removed from the rice kernel during the milling process.
1937M. Covarrubias Island of Bali v. 109 Arak, distilled *rice brandy. 1971R. Purvis Treasure Hunting in Brit. Columbia ix. 114 Old rice-brandy flasks are considered..rare collectors' items.
1704in Churchill's Voy. II. 187/2 They are very eager after our Wheat or *Rice Bread. 1796New Ann. Reg. 147 In this manner pure rice-bread may be made. 1867A. Bowman New Cookery Bk. 533 Wheat and Rice Bread.
1707Floyer Physic. Pulse-Watch 250 They first forbid Eggs,..but allow *Rice-Broth.
1889J. Whitehead Steward's Handbk. 420/1 Ground *Rice Buns. 1963A. L. Simon Guide Good Food & Wines 222/1 Rice Buns.
1683P. Lorrain tr. Muret's Rites Funeral 242 This being done, all the company sit down to eat *Rice-cakes in the Church it self. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 269 To make Rice Cake. 1862S. St. John Forests of Far East II. 42 A particular kind of rice-cake sent in very hot.
1970J. Kirkup Japan behind Fan 3 Peppery *rice crackers wrapped in seaweed. 1973Sunday Bull. (Philadelphia) 7 Oct. (Parade Suppl.) 28/3 Fredericks is a six-meals-a-day man, and so paused two hours after breakfast for an ounce of Gruyere cheese, some brown rice crackers and a glass of milk.
1665May Accomplish'd Cook 285 To make *Rice Cream. 1747tr. Astruc's Fevers 241 Let him eat of rice-cream, that nothing may be wanting to nourish him properly.
1866Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 248/2 The refuse of R[ice], which..is known as Rice-meal and *Rice-dust.
1947J. Steinbeck Wayward Bus i. 5 Boxes of cornflakes, *riceflakes, grapenuts, and other tortured cereals. 1970Simon & Howe Dict. Gastron. 327/1 There are rice flakes..that may be eaten cold.
1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 269 Put in half a pound of *rice flour. 1849Diss. Silk-manuf. (Shanghai) 38 Mix also some rice-flour with their food. 1878Amer. Home Cook Bk. 15 Mix the rice-flour smoothly with the water. 1959A. K. Lang in H. Q. Masur Murder most Foul (1973) 71 His pushers would..cut the strong brown heroin with lactose or rice flour. 1971Fashion Panorama (Ceylon) Apr.–June 30 The pounding of rice flour continued.
1969Listener 12 June 814/1 The village chief himself asked us to a dinner of dried deer and shrimp crackers, chicken and lettuce, sweet potato and duck and *rice gin.
1789G. White Selborne ii. lviii. 280 The dogs..are fed for the table with *rice-meal and other farinaceous food. 1854Simmonds Comm. Products Veg. Kingd. 303 Rice-meal is commonly used for feeding pigs.
1681Grew Musæum ii. §i. iv. 200 From the Kernel it self..they press out a Milk, which they always mix and eat with their *Rice-Meats.
1906Mrs. Beeton's Bk. Househ. Managem. 1044 (heading) Whole *rice mould. 1922‘R. Crompton’ More William ii. 31 Rice-mould! Every single day. I hate it, don't you?
1965H. Burke Chinese Cooking for Pleasure 17/2 *Rice noodles with prawn and chicken. 1980Times 6 Dec. 11/3 Chicken..and rice noodle Army-style as a change from rice.
1970Simon & Howe Dict. Gastron. 327/1 *Rice oil is the oil extracted from rice bran and polish. 1972Guardian 25 Sept. 1/6 Rice oil—a widely used foodstuff.
1728E. Smith Compl. Housew. (ed. 2) 89 To make *Rice Pancakes.
1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., *Rice-polish. 1970Simon & Howe Dict. Gastron. 327/1 Rice polish is the final layers removed from the rice kernel during the polishing process.
c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta iii, Will you poison her with a mess of *rice porredge?
1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 528 *Rice pottage made with good milk..is of easie digestion. 1594Handmaids Kitchin 34 The Almonds..strained to make the Rice pottage withal. 1853A. Soyer Pantroph. 349 The Dauphin took for his dinner a rice pottage.
c1500Respublica iii. iii, Whares *Rice⁓puddingcake? [= Respublica]. 1709W. King Useful Trans. in Philos. iii. 53 Of these I shall discourse at large, when I treat of butter'd Wheat,..Rice-Pudding, and Oatcakes. 1728E. Smith Compl. Housew. (ed. 2) 82 A Rice Pudding. 1837Lockhart Scott IV. viii. 259 He sat at table while we dined, but partook only of some rice pudding. 1948Good Housek. Cookery Bk. 427 Fruit Rice Pudding. As for Rice Pudding, adding a cupful of seeded raisins..to the milk and rice. 1966F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 75 Yer cudden knock de skin off a rice puddn, you are a weakling.
1973‘I. Drummond’ Jaws of Watchdog ix. 122 Melons were sliced into, prawns shelled, *rice-salads scooped out.
1922Joyce Ulysses 391 She queasy for a bowl of *riceslop.
1747H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 78 A *Rice Soop. 1797J. Woodforde Diary 8 May (1931) V. 34 We had for Dinner, some Rice Soup..rost Beef &c. 1827M. Wilmot Jrnl. 27 Aug. in More Lett. (1935) 297 The supper for all begun with a cup of rice soup, which was handed round to each. 1909J. Joyce Let. 20 Dec. (1966) II. 277, I would like roast beef[,] rice-soup, [etc.]. 1963A. L. Simon Guide Good Food & Wines 220/2 Rice Soup.
1967O. Wynd Walk Softly i. 9 Crack a couple of bottles of *rice spirit over two bows on the same day. 1978Nagel's Encycl.-Guide: China 1447 Rice spirit, known as yellow wine, is drunk warm, from little china bowls.
1854Pereira's Polarized Light (ed. 2) 155 Wheat-starch, Portland arrow-root, and *rice-starch. 1861Bentley Man. Bot. 697 Starch of good quality, known as..Patent Rice Starch,..prepared from rice.
1845Encycl. Metrop. XXV. 1290/2 The Chinese make *rice wine perfumed. 1894Outing XXIV. 207/1 Their faces showed signs of rice wine.
b. In sense ‘producing rice’, ‘used for growing rice’, as rice-clearing, rice-country, rice-field, rice-flat, rice-ground, rice lake, rice land, rice paddy, rice plantation, rice-pond, rice swamp, rice terrace.
1895Conrad Almayer's Folly vi. 116 Finding shelter under that man's roof in the modest *rice-clearing.
1776Adam Smith W.N. i. xi. (1904) I. 182 Rice in some *rice countries, the common and favourite vegetable food of the people. 1975Country Life 2 Jan. 9/2 Georgia [USA] proved good rice country.
1704in Churchill's Voy. II. 263/1 A..Valley, full of *Rice-fields. 1776Adam Smith W.N. i. xi. (1904) I. 181 A rice-field produces a much greater quantity of food than the most fertile corn-field. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1937/1 The watered rice-fields of ‘the East’.
1882Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan X. 44 The river, after making a bend round some *rice flats, turns in and sweeps right under the high bank. 1905‘L. Hope’ Indian Love 57 The velvet rice-flats lie so emerald green.
1625Purchas Pilgrimage II. 1764 marg., *Rice grounds. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) I. 371 The roads adjoining to the rice grounds. 1840J. Buel Farmer's Comp. 197 Water meadows and rice grounds profit by periodical floodings.
1820J. D. Doty Let. 27 Sept. in Wisconsin Hist. Coll. (1876) VII. 199 The Indians around Sandy Lake, in the month of September, repair to *Rice Lake to gather their rice. 1831J. M. Peck Guide for Emigrants 14 A third [boat] may start from the rice lakes at the head of the Mississippi. 1870J. W. McClung Minnesota 235 It is finely watered by Rum River passing out of Mille Lac through numerous small marshy rice lakes.
1776Adam Smith W.N. i. xi. (1904) I. 182 The rent of *rice lands cannot regulate the rent of the other cultivated land. 1880Encycl. Brit. XIII. 574/2 The rising grounds which skirt the rice-land are tilled by the hoe.
1933N. Waln House of Exile i. 18 *Rice paddies roughened by dead stubble. 1945Newsweek 24 Sept. 50 Calling themselves members of ‘The Rice Paddy Navy’, American naval personnel—disguised as Chinese—set up more than fifty weather stations in unoccupied China. 1977J. Cleary High Road to China v. 186 The road that ran through the rice paddies.
1787in Documentary Hist. Amer. Industr. Society (1910) I. vii. 323 Great Encouragement will be given to an Overseer of a sober industrious Character, to manage a *Rice and Lumber Plantation, about Thirty Miles from Charles-Town. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) VII. 694 The funds..chiefly in rice plantations and negroes. 1831Audubon Ornith. Biog. 286 The rice plantations of the Carolinas. 1957P. Worsley Trumpet shall Sound iv. 81 Another cult-leader..was interested in government schemes for establishing rice-plantations. 1975Guardian 2 Jan. 38/1 In Colonial days each [estate] was a prosperous rice plantation.
1874J. W. Long Amer. Wild-fowl ii. 49 When two persons are hunting in company in a *rice-pond.
1731Pennsylvania Gaz. 29 Apr.–6 May 2/2 These *Rice Swamps are flat low Grounds, by the Sides of Rivers or Runs. 1779Ann. Reg. 31 A bluff, rising considerably above the level of the rice-swamp. 1843Whittier Christian Slave xiv, From the low rice-swamp..Rises to Heaven that agonizing cry. 1957M. Banton W. Afr. City i. 21 The first clearing of rice swamps in the Scarcies involved much arduous and dangerous work.
1952Oxf. Jun. Encycl. VI. 378/1 (caption) *Rice terraces in Bali, Indonesia. 1973D. May Laughter in Djakarta iii. 52 They were driving right past the rice terraces... Women were..thinning out the young rice on several of the terraces.
c. Miscellaneous, as rice-bag, rice-barn, rice-basket, rice-boat, rice-corn, rice-crater, rice-crop, rice cultivation, rice diet, rice-harvest, rice husk, rice kernel, rice kettle, rice-measure, rice-mill, rice-plant, rice-port, rice-pot, rice sack, rice shoot, rice-straw, etc.; rice-white adj.
1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 20 Red flannel petticoat, or *rice-bag drawers.
1901Chambers's Jrnl. Aug. 538/1 Nearer the water a few small houses..and a higher two-storied *rice-barn.
1854Zoologist XII. 4269 The *rice-basket is invaded.
1755Acts Gen. Assembly Georgia (1881) 53 That this Act do not extend to decked Pettiaguas or *Rice Boats.
1681Knox Ceylon iii. 11 Thus much concerning *Rice-corn.
1926T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (1935) iv. xlvi. 266 Two raised each smaller cauldron and tilted it, letting the liquid splash down upon the meal till the *rice-crater was full, and the loose grains at the edge swam in the abundance.
1813Ainslie Mat. Med. Hindostan 271 An almost continual succession of *rice crops throughout the year. 1965‘Lauchmonen’ Old Thom's Harvest ii. 24 We aint gwine get no water to plant ricecrop. 1973‘B. Mather’ Snowline iii. 34 A tidal wave in the Bay of Bengal last year that..ruined the rice crop.
1841M. Edgeworth Let. 14 Mar. (1971) 584 Entertaining accounts by master of agricultural-different processes in different parts of the world—*Rice cultivation—Irrigation—India.
1960I. A. Stanton Dict. for Med. Secretaries 44/2 *Rice diet, a diet consisting of rice, sugar, fruit and fruit juice.
1732J. Barbot Churchill's Voy. V. iii. xiii. 197/2 The *rice-harvest is usually in September. 1881Encycl. Brit. XII. 747/2 In British Burmah there is but a single rice harvest in the year.
1965H. Burke Chinese Cooking for Pleasure 12/2 Chinese pickled eggs..[are] bought ready to eat. One simply cracks and removes their outer casing of *rice husks and clay. 1975Country Life 16 Jan. 153/3 A pillow of rice-husks.
1970Simon & Howe Dict. Gastron. 326/1 The edible *rice kernel is found in a hard shell-like hull surrounded by several layers of bran.
1895Conrad Almayer's Folly v. 86 The fire was burning in the cooking shed, with the *rice kettle swinging over it.
1936Burlington Mag. Jan. 40/2 The great Imperial *rice-measure from the Metropolitan Museum.
1842Bonar & McCheyne Mission to Jews (1843) 58 We visited a *Rice-mill which is in the course of erection.
1778in Pinkerton's Voy. (1811) IX. 716 The *rice-plant grows to the height of three or four feet. 1840Penny Cycl. XVII. 45/2 The Rice plant is therefore an undoubted native of India.
1903Conrad Typhoon i. 6 Outlandish names of lumber-ports, of *rice-ports, of cotton-ports.
1862Mrs. Mason Civilizing Mountain Men i. ii. 24 Holding in his hand a wicker *rice-pot, which shone in the dimness like a great bowl of gold. 1895Conrad Almayer's Folly iv. 81 He eyed..the aged statesman sitting..by his domestic rice-pot. 1978L. Dee tr. Hsia Chih-Yen's Coldest Winter in Peking vii. 133 They took these scraps, even the burnt crusts in the rice pots, and made them into ‘nutrition supplements’.
1970‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Cookie Bird iii. 33 You all meet over the trolleys with your long-grain *rice sacks at the mainline Cash & Carry.
1895Conrad Almayer's Folly xi. 216 In the middle of a shadowless square of moonlight, shining on a smooth and level expanse of young *rice-shoots, a little shelter-hut perched on high posts,..seemed very small. 1966‘A. Hall’ 9th Directive xxv. 229 The flooded earth where the tender rice-shoots stood. 1973‘B. Mather’ Snowline xiv. 167 Village women..were dibbling rice shoots into the monsoon-flooded paddy.
1719De Foe Crusoe i. (Globe) 208 A Place where I had laid a great Parcel of *Rice Straw. 1887C. A. Moloney Forestry W. Afr. 451 In many districts rice⁓straw is almost the only food which cattle have.
1871G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 216 In returning the sky in the west was in a great wide winged or shelved rack of *rice-white fine pelleted fretting.
6. Comb.
a. With agent-nouns, denoting persons, implements, or machines, as rice-cleaner, rice-cooker, rice-eater, rice-farmer, rice-grower, rice-huller, rice-husker, rice-miller, rice-planter, rice-seller, rice-stirrer.
1858Simmonds Dict. Terms, *Rice-cleaner, one who husks paddy, and sifts and prepares it for sale as rice.
1974Daily News (Tanzania) 27 Sept. 8/4 (Advt.), Complete Akai stereo system,..*rice-cooker, crockery, cutlery, imported suits. 1977South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 22 July 1/5 My daughter was taking a broken rice-cooker to a repair shop.
1859Cornwallis New World I. 307 The Chinese immigrants consisted entirely of males... So much for the *rice-eaters.
1961Nat. Geogr. Mag. Aug. 242/1 Practically all the people of Laos,..about two million of them—are *rice farmers. 1977P. Theroux Consul's File 127 The Malay rice-farmers met and decided to bring their problem to a bomoh—a medicine-man.
1863Trevelyan Compet. Wallah (1866) 145 Informing us that the Chinese *rice-growers even now cast their bread on the waters.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1937/2 Ewbank's *rice-huller (English patent, 1819).
1901Kipling Kim iv. 106 They could hear the old lady's tongue clack as steadily as a *rice-husker.
1851in Illustr. Lond. News 5 Aug. (1854) 119/3 *Rice..miller.
1775Amer. Husbandry I. 66 It concerns only those who have dealings with London, these are the tobacco and *rice planters. 1838J. J. Audubon Ornith. Biogr. IV. 318 In South Carolina the Golden-eye is abundant during winter, when it at times frequents the reserves of the rice-planters. 1856Olmsted Slave States 409, I left town yesterday..with a letter..to Mr. X., a rice-planter. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1938/1 Rice-planter, an implement for sowing rice. 1949C. S. Murray This our Land iv. 74 With favorable prices, and slave labor comparatively cheap, quite a few rice planters piled up large fortunes.
1871C. Kingsley At Last vi, Old Coolies..find it convenient to turn *rice-sellers.
1900Proc. Zool. Soc. Dec. 861 On *rice⁓stirrers and other articles of household use.
b. With vbl. ns. or ppl. adjs., as rice-chewing, rice-cleaning, rice-dressing, rice-eating, rice-growing, rice-planting, rice pounding.
1884Sat. Rev. 7 June 752/1 The ordeal of *rice-chewing is applied to priests accused of unchastity.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 1068 *Rice cleaning. Various machines have been contrived for effecting this purpose. 1841Penny Cycl. XIX. 500/1 Several large rice-cleaning establishments.
1901Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 125/1 An English firm..erected a *rice-dressing mill on the shores of the Caspian.
1840Penny Cycl. XVII. 46/1 The natives..have rather a contempt for *rice-eating districts.
1873Drury Useful Pl. India (ed. 2) 324 The most fertile province for *rice-growing. 1946Nature 5 Oct. 462/1 A rice-growing village neither very rich nor very poor. 1972Country Life 28 Dec. 1796/2 Rice growing is another highly photogenic occupation.
1852W. G. Simms Sword & Distaff xxx. 210 It's lucky I do know something of *rice planting. 1903‘P. Pennington’ Woman Rice Planter (1913) i. 1 You have asked me to tell of my rice-planting experience. 1962E. Snow Red China Today (1963) xxviii. 212 Of numerous rice-planting machines invented by peasants the most popular is operated by two people. 1965‘Lauchmonen’ Old Thom's Harvest i. 8 He..dream about them blasted ricefields and riceplanting.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1938/1 *Rice-pounding Machine.
7. Special combs.: rice and peas = peas and rice s.v. pea1 1 d; rice bowl, (a) a dish out of which rice is eaten; (b) an area in which abundant quantities of rice are grown; also attrib.; rice-bunting, the rice-bird or bobolink; rice-Christian, one, esp. an Asian, who adopts Christianity for material benefits; rice-convert = rice-Christian above; rice crispies = Rice Krispies below; also sing.; rice cut-grass, rice embroidery (see quots.); rice-flower, (a) an East Indian plant; (b) one or other of the various species of the Australian genus Pimelea; rice-grain, (a) Astr. pl., granular markings observed on the surface of the sun; (b) used attrib. to describe a type of decoration on porcelain in which perforations are made and allowed to fill with melted glaze; rice-hamster (see quot. and hamster); Rice Krispies, proprietary name of a breakfast cereal made from rice; rice powder, a face powder with a pulverized rice base; hence rice-powdered adj.; rice-rat, an American rodent feeding upon rice; rice-sand (see quot.); rice sapper, an Indian beetle injurious to growing rice; rice-shell (see quot.); † rice sparrow = rice-bird 2; rice-stitch, (a) (see quot.); (b) a type of cross-stitch (see quots.); rice table, tafel = rijsttafel; rice-troopial, -weevil, -wheat (see quots.)
1947E. N. Burke Stories told by Uncle Newton II. 8 Some people call the midday meal ‘lunch’ but we always called it dinner on Sundays. As usual it consisted of a half moon of *rice and peas; a few blocks of yams, [etc.]. 1958B. Hamilton Too Much of Water iv. 74 He swore that all three must come to a real Barbadian breakfast..at Fair Hope. ‘Maan,’ he said, ‘I give you flying fish an' pepper-pot, an' pudding and souse, an' rice and peas.’ 1969Daily Tel. 11 Jan. 14/1 To bring tears to ex-patriate Jamaican eyes just mention..rice an' peas.
1922W. S. Maugham On Chinese Screen li. 206 The coolie's *rice bowl has its rough but not inelegant adornment. 1943Sun (Baltimore) 10 June 12/2 Hunan and Hupeh, ‘rice bowl’ provinces of East Central China. 1950P. Bottome Under Skin xx. 166 On my tray there was a little porcelain bowl... She said, ‘This is my rice bowl—my mother gave us each one.’ 1950Times 25 Apr. 7/2 In Cambodia and Laos, and even in Cochin-China, important as a rice-bowl area, the situation is better. 1969Commerce (Bombay) 26 July 153/1 Agrarian unrest..has been a hardy annual for more than two decades now in Thanjavur district—Tamil Nadu's ‘rice bowl’ which has 1·4 million acres under paddy cultivation. 1972‘M. Hebden’ Killer for Chairman i. iv. 52 She moved an empty rice bowl on the table. 1975Times 4 Mar. 1/6 According to reports from Cambodia, once the rice bowl of Indo-China, civilian deaths from starvation are increasing. 1979Times of India 17 Aug. 14/3 Waters in Kuttanad, the rice bowl of Kerala, have been severely polluted by massive application of pesticides in paddy fields.
1783Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. i. 188 *Rice Bunting, Emberiza oryzivora. 1893Newton Dict. Birds i. 46 What is commonly called in books the Rice-Bunting, Dolichonyx oryzivora.
1816Q. Rev. XV. 352 We are sneeringly told, that these Missionaries only make *rice-Christians in India. 1836Card. Wiseman Lect. Cath. Relig. (1847) I. 226 It is a well-known fact that the new Christians in India are called Rice-Christians. 1883Encycl. Brit. XVI. 518/1 The Propagation Society is now proclaiming the gospel in nearly six hundred and fifty villages in the Tinnevelly district, amongst not merely food-seeking ‘rice Christians’ but those who have had the courage to face severe persecution for joining the Christian church. 1941A. J. Cronin Keys of Kingdom (1942) iv. vii. 179 The wisdom of Father Chisholm's determination to have no rice-Christians in his flock was now apparent. 1959P. Fleming Siege at Peking iii. 40 The missions, whose less spiritually minded adherents were known as ‘rice-Christians’, thus tended to become centres of privilege. 1973Listener 31 May 721/2 ‘Rice Christians’, people who were outcasts in China..willing to come into the hands of the Church and the reformers.
1956‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death ii. 36 The fourteen-year-old at the breakfast table..can devour the Black Mass with her *rice crispies. 1963Guardian 5 Oct. 5/6 The mouse..eats a Rice Crispy like a sandwich. 1977P. B. & J. S. Medawar Life Sci. i. 14 The sound—as of innumerable mice eating Rice Crispies—that sometimes accompanies long-distance telephone calls.
1926T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (1935) ix. xcix. 548 We wanted no *rice-converts. Persistently we did refuse to let our abundant and famous gold bring over those not spiritually convinced.
1874A. Gray Less. Bot. 607 Leersia oryzoides,..*Rice Cut-grass.
1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 424/1 *Rice Embroidery..is a white Embroidery upon washing materials, in which the principal stitch used is..Rice Stitch.
1704in Churchill's Voy. II. 326/2 The *Rice-flower is called..from its Scent, which is like Rice when it comes boiling hot out of the Pot. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 387/1 The Rice-flowers are beautiful evergreens about three feet high, and bear rose-coloured, white, and yellow blooms.
1878Newcomb Pop. Astron. iii. ii. 239 This structure of the *rice-grains has been seen only by Professor Langley. 1884Proctor in Longman's Mag. Apr. 590 We may describe the solar rice-grains, in fact, as mighty metallic clouds. 1910Encycl. Brit. V. 746/1 Sometimes the perforations are left clear, but in the rice-grain pattern the incisions are generally fllled up with the melted glaze so that they become like so many windows in the walls of the piece. 1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 238/2 ‘Rice-grain’ decoration, a decoration used on Chinese porcelain in which small perforations in the body are filled with transparent glaze; a technique adopted from Persian pottery, popular during the 18th cent. 1971L. A. Boger Dict. World Pott. & Porc. 285/2 The rice grain pattern is characteristic of the Ch'ien Lung period, 1736–1795. 1974Savage & Newman Illustr. Dict. Ceramics 139 (caption) Persian pottery bowl with rice-grain piercing, 17th century.
1792Kerr Anim. Kingd. 245 *Rice Hamster, Mus Cricetus phæus. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XII. 461/1 The phæus, or rice-hamster, has the upper parts of the body of a hoary ash-colour.
1936Trade Marks Jrnl. 30 Sept. 1212/1 Kellogg's *Rice Krispies... A food made of rice, for human consumption. Kellogg Company of Great Britain Limited,..London,..merchants. 1961Esquire Aug. 57 She'd..pour the milk over the Rice Krispies, to wake up the fellow. 1967Trade Marks Jrnl. 24 May 685/1 Rice Krispies... Cereal preparations principally of rice, being breakfast foods. Kellogg Company of Great Britain Limited,..Manchester; manufacturers. 1971R. K. Smith Ransom (1972) i. 22 A bowl of Rice Krispies with sliced bananas. 1975New Yorker 7 July 32/1 Harry prepared his breakfast in the kitchen—Rice Krispies with skimmed milk, and Sanka sweetened with saccharin.
1874M. T. Nash tr. Cazenave's Female Beauty i. 28 Various means are proposed as protection against them [sc. alterations produced by tan and sunburn]... That which I prefer most is a little pure *rice powder. 1892C. Campbell tr. Baroness Staffe's Lady's Dressing-Room iii. 335 If you buy your rice-powder, be careful not to choose it perfumed with orris-root. 1934M. Verni Mod. Beauty Culture xlii. 416 A simple and useful face powder is made in the following way—2 oz. of pure rice powder. 2 dr. of french chalk. ½ dr. of oxide of zinc. 1972R. Corson Fashions in Makeup xv. 355 Rice powder and powdered arrowroot starch were commonly used to remove shine from the skin.
1922Joyce Ulysses 523 As they are now, so will you be, wigged, singed,..*ricepowdered. 1955T. Sterling Evil of Day iii. 33 Mrs. Sheridan's rice-powdered hand made a familiar gesture.
1884Encycl. Brit. XVII. 5/1 The *Rice-rat of America.
1883Sunday Mag. Aug. 510/2 Then another bed [of sand].., rough and large-grained, called ‘*rice-sand’, and exactly like unboiled rice.
1889E. T. Atkinson Indian Insect Pests 1 The *Rice Sapper (Leptocorisa acuta)... In Tinnevelly it is called the munju vandu, or rice-juice sucker or sapper.
1838J. J. Audubon Ornith. Biogr. IV. 33 Those beautiful shells, which, on account of their resemblance to grains of rice, are commonly named *rice-shells. 1855Ogilvie Suppl., Rice⁓shell, the species of the genus Oliva. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 387/1 Rice-shell..in Australia..denotes the shell of various species of Truncatella, a small marine mollusc.
1704in Churchill's Voy. II. 357/2 The *Rice Sparrows are no bigger than our ordinary Sparrows.
1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 424/1 *Rice Stitch..resembles Rice loosely scattered over a flat surface. 1934M. Thomas Dict. Embroidery Stitches 169 Rice stitch.., a Canvas Stitch usually worked in a thick thread for the large crosses and a fine thread for the smaller stitches. 1960G. Lewis Handbk. Crafts 87 Rice stitch has as its foundation a large cross, with the two arms double the size of the simple cross stitch, and when it has been made 4 short stitches are worked across all four corners of the main cross. 1976P. Clabburn Needleworker's Dict. 227/1 Rice stitch.., variation of cross stitch much used in modern canvas work and needlepoint.
1909Webster, *Rice table. 1926A. Huxley Jesting Pilate ii. 184 The only truly Rabelaisian feature of Javanese diet is the Rice Table.
1943D. Welch Maiden Voy. xiv. 114 Mr MacDonald decreed we should have rice tafel.
1836Penny Cycl. V. 29/2 The ‘rice-bunting’ of Pennant and of Wilson, ‘*rice-troopial’ of authors.
1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. vi. (1818) I. 174 The *rice-weevil (Calandra Oryzæ, F.) is very injurious to the useful grain after which it is named. 1879E. A. Ormerod in Entomologist XII. 51 The history of its near ally the Sitophilus oryzæ, or rice weevil.
1879Encycl. Brit. X. 451/1 To these [crops] in some districts are added spelt, buckwheat, millet, *rice-wheat (Triticum dicoccum).
▪ III. rice, v. Cookery.|raɪs|
[f. rice2.]
trans. To press (food) through a coarse sieve to produce granular shapes. So riced ppl. a., ˈricing vbl. n.
1923J. Conrad Handbk. Cookery 16 If the potatoes are not to be used at once..it is a good idea either to rice them in a ricer or to mash them. 1926I. C. Smith Blue Bk. Cookery xxiii. 331 Riced Potatoes. Boil the potatoes. While still hot, press them through a potato-ricer. 1933Sun (Baltimore) 27 Feb. 3/7 Boiled stuffed capon, with riced potatoes, cauliflower, [etc.]. 1947M. Given Mod. Encycl. Cooking II. 1502 Put hot, freshly boiled, peeled potatoes into a ricer... Rice the potatoes directly into a hot serving dish. 1957M. McCarthy Memories Catholic Girlhood 224 A salad..sprinkled with riced egg yolk. 1966Vogue Nov. 148/2 Mashed, riced, boiled or baked potatoes. 1969R. & D. De Sola Dict. Cooking 191/2 Ricer, utensil for ricing cooked vegetables and fruits by forcing them through a perforated container. |