| 释义 |
rice grass
a. Either of two grasses of the genus Leersia, L. oryzoides (= cut-grass) and L. hexandra, which are tall perennial grasses having rhizomatous roots and growing in wet ground.
1857C. Johnson Grasses Gt. Brit. 4 Leersia oryzoides. Rice Grass... First noticed as a native of Britain in September 1844..at Henfield, Sussex. 1889J. H. Maiden Useful Native Pl. 93 Leersia hexandra,..‘Rice Grass’. A rough-leaved species, common along the watercourses of Queensland. 1973Tothill & Hacker Grasses S.E. Queensland i. 17 The coastal region provides conditions for numerous fresh⁓water streams, ponds, bogs, etc... Common grasses of these sites are water couch.., common reed.., swamp rice grass (Leersia hexandra).
b. Austral. and N.Z. In full meadow rice grass. A perennial grass, Microlæna stipoides, that grows in tufts from creeping rhizomes in semi-shaded ground. Also called weeping grass.
1889J. H. Maiden Useful Native Pl. 94 Microlæna stipoides,..‘Weeping Grass’, ‘Meadow Rice Grass’. 1973Atkinson & Bell in G. R. Williams Nat. Hist. N.Z. xv. 375/1 On Macauley Island..a combination of fire..and goats..had by 1966 reduced the vegetation to a short grassland dominated by rice grass, Microlaena stipoides, [etc.].
c. A grass of the genus Spartina, esp. S. townsendii, a tall, rhizomatous, perennial grass that grows on salt marshes and estuaries and has useful soil-binding properties. Also called cord grass, marsh grass.
The event referred to in quot. 19071 is said to have occurred in 1870.
19071st Rep. R. Comm. Coast Erosion 367/2 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 3683) XXXIV. 1 Many years ago a ship from the River Plate is said to have come in with a kind of rice grass. It was quite accidental: it came over in a wheat cargo. It sprang up near Southampton. These little plants, which are estuarine plants from Argentina, gradually spread out over Southampton Water, and the whole of Southampton Water from Carlshot Castle right up to Redbridge is entirely covered with what some people call ‘Sea Rice’ and others ‘Rice Grass’. 1907Bull. Misc. Information R. Bot. Gardens, Kew 196 In response to a letter asking whether any light could be thrown on the name ‘rice-grass’, which has now for the first time been quoted in connection with Spartina, the vernacular name hitherto given being ‘cord-grass’, Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, writes on May 2, 1907,:—‘Mr. Rankin..told me he thought the plant growing on my foreshore was Spartina stricta, and not the alterniflora. He seemed to be quite aware of the term ‘rice-grass’... Personally I have never heard this word.’ 1917Chambers's Jrnl. Mar. 207/1 One of these schemes relates to a certain form of seaweed, locally known as rice-grass, which is rapidly covering Poole Harbour. 1944J. S. Huxley On living in Revolution 72 During the last half-century a new type of rice-grass appeared in Western Europe, and has been so successful that the Dutch have used it to reclaim land from the sea. 1961M. Ashby Plant Ecol. x. 193 Wherever the vigorous rice-grass..is present it replaces most of the stages in the succession.., and may form almost a pure stand from pioneer mud-binding to the high marsh, which can be used for grazing.
d. Austral. and N.Z. Any of various grasses of the genus Tetrarrhena (see quots.).
1930A. J. Ewart Flora of Victoria 137 T[etrarrhena] accuminata R. Br., Pointed Rice Grass. Stems long and slender. Ibid. 138 T. distichophylla R. Br., Hairy Rice Grass. A tufted, branched perennial grass, creeping at the base, ascending to a height of 1 foot or more. 1962N. C. W. Beadle et al. Handbk. Vascular Plants Sydney District & Blue Mts. 529 Tetrarrhena... Wiry Rice Grass. 1962J. H. Willis Handbk. Plants Victoria I. 91 T. juncea... Forest Wire Grass (Wiry Rice Grass, Tangle Grass.) 1973Tothill & Hacker Grasses S.E. Queensland iii. 261 Tetrarrhena sp. Wiry Rice Grass. A scrambling, wiry, but fairly slender perennial.
e. U.S. In full Indian rice grass. A perennial grass, Oryzopsis hymenoides, growing in clumps in semi-arid regions of the western U.S.
1935A. S. Hitchcock Man. Grasses U.S. 415 Nearly all the species are highly palatable to stock, but are usually not in sufficient abundance to be of importance, except O. hymenoides (Indian ricegrass), which..furnishes much feed. 1968F. W. Gould Grass Systematics v. 195 Oryzopsis hymenoides (Roem. & Schult.) Ricker, Indian ricegrass.., is an important forage species.
f. U.S. In full pinyon rice grass. A perennial grass, Piptochætium fimbriatum, with stiffly erect stems and leaves that is common in open pine forests in the mountains of northern Mexico and the southwestern U.S.
1951Kearney & Peebles Arizona Flora 115 (heading) Piptochaetium. Pinyon rice grass. 1973R. H. Wauer Birds of Big Bend National Park 26 Grasses that include Pinyon Ricegrass. |