| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈrolling, vbl. n.1 Obs. rare.
[f. roll v.1]
An enrolling, enrolment; an entering upon a roll.
1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 9801 Syker ys, þat yn rolle ys leyde, For þan may hyt neuer be wyþseyde; Þe rollyng fordoþe croppe and rote. 1465Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 298 My mastyr paid for the rollenge [of his patent], iij.s. iiij.d. a1550Vox populi 43 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 269 By roulyng and by dating. 1552Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 32 That thair be Commissaris deput..to vesy the rolling of the futmen.
▪ II. rolling, vbl. n.2|ˈrəʊlɪŋ|
[f. roll v.2
The sense is not clear in the following passage:
a1440York Myst. xxx. 234 Do rappe on the renkis, Þat we may rayse with oure rolyng.]
I.
1. a. The action of turning something over and over, or of causing it to roll; † bowling.
1451J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (E.E.T.S.) 93 Þat þe onyment of vertue whech was with-inne him schuld be stered & rolled..þat aftyr þat rollyng it schuld haue þe mor odour. 1483–4Durh. Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 414 In 1 hoggeshede vini..cum cariag..et rollyng. 1583Burgh Rec. Edin. (1882) 265 Proclamatioun to be maid discharging..all catchpulling, rolling, playing, drinking and taverning. 1615Crooke Body of Man 629 The Muscles of the Tongue are assistant vnto it in..his Functions of Speaking, Tasting and Rowling of the Meate. 1645Tombes Anthropol. 13 The rowling in sugar doth make the stomache swallow bitter pills. 1770in J. Bulloch Pynours (1887) 76 To put a total stop to the rolling of all sorts of Casks. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 635 The body is..then dipped and rolled in the hot liquor... This is technically called rolling off, or roughing. 1862Ansted Channel Isl. ii. xi. 286 The only reason why all are not rounded is that the work of rolling and wearing is still going on upon recently fallen material.
b. Short for log-rolling. U.S.
1819[see rolling bee]. 1848in H. Howe Hist. Coll. Ohio 358 Many times were we called from six to eight miles to assist at a rolling or raising, and cheerfully lent our assistance to the task. 1922D. T. Herndon Centennial Hist. Arkansas I. 209 The trees were felled, cut, or burned into lengths so that they could be handled, and then the neighbors were invited to the ‘rolling’.
c. slang. Robbing. Cf. roll v.2 5 f.
1939C. R. Cooper Designs in Scarlet i. 21 The ‘rolling’ or robbing of a man with whom they had been in company, on their alleged promise of sexual intercourse. 1948Sun (Baltimore) 5 Jan. 9/5 Some of the more heavily doped victims of the fraulein ‘rolling’ racket have met the dawn clad in nothing more substantial than a pair of shorts. 1969Jeremy I. iii. 24/1 ‘Rolling’ occurs most often in the lavatories of cinemas. 1973Times 3 Apr. 14/7 Tony Bogle, a youth worker with Law's association, said: ‘Mugging has been with us a long time. When the skinheads used to do it, they called it rolling.’
d. With back: see roll v.2 5 h.
1944Ann. Reg. 1943 287 [An] organisation..strongly in favour of subsidies and the ‘rolling back’ of prices. 1979Daily Tel. 2 Nov. 1 Stronger control of the economy and a rolling back of Socialist extravagance.
†2.
a. A bandaging, enswathing, or binding up.
b. A ligature or bandage. Obs.
c1450M.E. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 233 Ȝyf þe skyn be broke.., [use] oþer medycynes, and ȝyf hyt nede, as on þe leg, rollyngges. 1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. L j b, Howe many maners of lygatures or rollynges ben there? 1575Turberv. Faulconrie 264 This ligature and rolling of the member must be continued..xxx dayes. 1662Merrett tr. Neri's Art of Glass xxxviii, Rouling but once at a time, and letting it dry a little before the second rouling. 1676Wiseman Surg. Treat. (J.), By this rolling, parts are kept from joining together.
3. a. The operation of compressing, smoothing, or levelling a surface by means of a cylinder or roller; an instance of this.
1671Grew Anat. Pl. (1684) 27 That which is sometimes also effected in Rowling of Corn. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xv. (Roxb.) 24/2 Of the severall parts of a Book... Rowling, the printing the edges of the couer. 1765A. Dickson Treat. Agric. (ed. 2) 340 When land is laid down in grass for hay, rolling is of use in smoothing the surface. 1786Abercrombie Gard. Assist. 185 Give a good rolling after rain. 1801Farmer's Mag. Apr. 129 After the..land has been effectually cleaned, by its harrowings, rollings, and pickings. 1837Penny Cycl. VII. 503/1 Copper for the purpose of rolling leaves the smelting works in cakes. 1868Joynson Metals 79 It is usually subjected to repeated hammerings and rollings at a low heat.
b. rolling up (Printing), preparing a lithographic plate for printing (see quots.).
1937Discovery Oct. 300/1 Rolling up follows. The stone is kept damp, and the ink roller passed over it and the design charged with ink. 1967E. Chambers Photolitho-Offset xvii. 260 The transferred image requires strengthening before printing and the non-printing areas require fully desensitising to guarantee clean printing in the white areas. This operation in plate preparation is termed ‘rolling up’. 1968Canad. Antiques Collector June 6/2 The [lithographic] stone having been coated with ‘etch’ is left for 24 to 48 hours and then the original drawing is completely removed (washed out) and the crayons, inks, etc. replaced by the special printing inks required in the process. This stage is called ‘rolling up’ and is accomplished with a hand-made leather covered roller.
II.
4. The action (on the part of something) of turning over and over, revolving, etc., or of moving onwards in this way.
c1440Promp. Parv. 436/2 Rollynge, or turnynge a-bowte, volucio. 1548Elyot, Petaurum,..a kynde of game vsed in old tyme, wherin men by rollyng of wheles were cast vp alofte. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xiii. (1614) 182 Their rolling thorow the deepe and hidden vaults of the earth. 1662Hibbert Body Divinity i. 174 In an unconstant man there is..uncertain rollings of spirit. 1860Pusey Min. Proph. 386 The swift changes of man's condition in the rolling-on of time. 1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. i. §110 This motion is what we call rolling, or simple rolling, of the moveable body on the fixed.
b. Of the eyes: The action of moving or turning to and fro in the sockets.
1566J. Alday tr. Boaystuau's Theat. World Q iv b, He had reproued..the mouing or rowling of their eyes. 1610Attersoll in N. & Q. 9th Ser. IV. 104 Many vse in their teaching,..hemming in the throat, rouling of the eyes [etc.]. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. xli. (1739) 105 Not only the opening of the eye, but also the rowling of it about. 1728Young Love of Fame vi. 49 Mark well the rollings of her flaming eye. 1844Kinglake Eothen xviii, The peculiar rolling of his eyes which I had remarked. 1848Dickens Dombey xxxi, The Native..who alarms the ladies..by the rolling of his eyes.
c. Wandering, roaming. rare.
1624Bp. R. Montagu Gagg To Rdr. 14 Let him come..to the poynts controverted, without rowling, rambling, raving.
d. Surfing. With over. (See quots.)
1962T. Masters Surfing Made Easy 65 Rolling over, rolling beneath the board to get past larger broken waves. 1965J. Pollard Surfrider ii. 20 For the big ones start ‘rolling over’. This is done by dropping underneath your board and hanging on by the ‘rails’, the sides, when a wave has broken and the white water is coming towards you.
5. a. A curve or spiral; a turning or folding.
1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. A iv, Flames in rowlings rounde, to sweepe the starres, the mouth dooth cast. 1611Cotgr., Roulement, a rowling, turning, foulding vp or inwards. 1660H. Bloome Archit. E j, Voluta hath a Circle, or rowling about of one part. 1883Huxley Pract. Biol. 96 The movements which occur in contraction; the coiling up of the stalk; the rolling in of the disc.
b. = making vbl. n.1 8 b. Also, a hand-rolled cigarette. N. Amer. colloq.
1913Collier's 1 Feb. 28 Forty ‘rollings’ in each 5 cent muslin sack [of tobacco]. 1940Amer. Speech XV. 213/1 The day before payday, the camp's ‘smoking’ has become scarce and ‘rollings’ or ‘makings’ are at a premium. 1956H. S. M. Kemp Northern Trader 89 The tobacco was medium cut, suitable for pipe or the ‘rollings’. 1965Sun (Vancouver) 31 Dec. 27/1 (heading) ‘Rollings’ are safer... Dr. E. R. Threthewie..said..that home-made cigarettes burn at a lower temperature..[which] reduces the amount of cancer-producing substances produced. 1973B. Broadfoot Ten Lost Years xix. 216 Enough money for rollings. You know, roll your own tobacco.
6. a. An oscillation or swinging from side to side in the nature of a partial revolution about the centre of gravity; spec. of ships (cf. roll v.2 22).
1635A. Stafford Fem. Glory (1869) 18 The rowling of the Cradle, put her in mind that she was newly enter'd into the tempest of this life. a1661B. Holyday Juvenal (1673) 232 This is called (as a long continuance at sea..taught me) the rowling of the ship. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780), Rolling, the motion by which a ship rocks from side to side like a cradle. 1836Miss Maitland Lett. Madras (1843) 24 Nothing but rolling by day and by night: but we are all looking forward to a week at the Cape to set us right again. 1847W. C. L. Martin Ox 37/2 A grinding of the teeth, and a rolling about as if from extreme agony or colic. 1887J. Ball Nat. S. Amer. 3 Forced to hold on with both hands during the rolling of the ship.
b. A turning movement of an aeroplane or motor vehicle about the direction of motion.
1911G. H. Bryan Stability in Aviation ix. 166 Devices such as fins or bent-up planes..may cause serious rolling when the aeroplane is suddenly struck by a side wind. 1922Encycl. Brit. XXX. 18/1 French pilots again pointed the way in the art of ‘rolling’, a manoeuvre in which the aeroplane is rolled about its longitudinal axis. 1930Morning Post 21 July 4/4 Sidesway or rolling occurs at right angles to the propeller shaft. 1974H. Ashley Engin. Anal. Flight Vehicles i. 4 Rolling is accomplished by ailerons and/or spoilers, placed near each wing tip and deflected in an antisymmetrical manner.
7. Of waves, etc.: The action of moving in a swelling or heaving manner.
1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 158 The motion and rowling of the sea. 1651Jer. Taylor Serm. for Year (1678) 306 The wave of a Tide, which retired..and yet came farther upon the strand at the next rolling. 1832Marryat N. Forster xxiv, The rolling of the surf. 1863Sat. Rev. 6 June 729 When all this is brought into connexion with the rolling back of the stream, and the miraculous passage of the Israelites.
8. The sound produced by the motion of a wheeled vehicle, by the rapid, continuous beating of a drum, or by thunder.
1611B. Rich Honestie Age (Percy Soc.) 18 Your eares againe shall be so incumbred with the rumbling and rowling of coaches. 1811Busby Dict. Mus. (ed. 3) s.v., Rolling, that rapid pulsation of the drum by which the sounds..beat upon the ear with a rumbling continuity of effect. 1881Besant & Rice Chapl. Fleet i. vi, The noise..began in the early morning with the rolling of the carts.
b. Of canaries: (see roll v.2 18 e).
c1890tr. Russ's Canary Birds 99 They either depart from the ‘rolling’, or they do not achieve the desired duration and roundness of the melodies.
III. 9. attrib. and Comb., as rolling action, rolling axis, rolling contact, rolling drag, rolling friction, rolling instability, rolling motion, rolling movement, rolling oscillation, rolling resistance, rolling stability; (sense 1 b) rolling bee; rolling chamber, a compartment for water-ballast extending across the beam of a ship; rolling-house, U.S. an inspection warehouse to which tobacco was conveyed by rolling; rolling moment, the moment acting on an aircraft about its longitudinal axis; rolling paper U.S. (usu. pl.), paper for making hand-rolled (esp. marijuana) cigarettes; † rolling pear (see quot. 1672); rolling-road, U.S. (see quot.); rolling-room, a room at the Mint in which the metal is rolled into strips; rolling-table, a table on which fleeces are rolled up.
1915A. Fage Aeroplane v. 68 We ignored the *rolling action due to the difference between the relative wind speeds of the wings.
1953New Biol. XIV. 66 Stability can be related to any of the three axes—the *rolling axis (parallel to its direction of flight), the yawing axis.., and the pitching axis.
1819W. Keyes Jrnl. 21 May in Wisconsin Mag. Hist. (1920) III. 463 Attended a *rolling bee this morning.
1900Geogr. Jrnl. Jan. 34 The ship has a *rolling chamber to keep her steady.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 581 Trusting to the surface or *rolling contact, to produce the rotation and traverse of the cylinder.
1976National Observer (U.S.) 25 Sept. 17/1 ‘A lot of the problem is overcoming *rolling drag,’ he says, a problem compounded because the aerobike's pedals are connected only to its propeller and not to its wheels.
1859*Rolling friction [see rolling resistance].
1884Cent. Mag. Jan. 446/2 The commonest mode of moving tobacco was yet more naked; the cask was strongly hooped, and then rolled..to the inspector's warehouse, known for this reason as a ‘*rolling-house’.
1921Rep. & Mem. Aeronaut. Res. Comm. No. 745. 6 If, whenever one wing goes down due to a ‘bump’,..the wing tends to go down further, the motion shows ‘*rolling instability’. 1950Gloss. Aeronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) i. 22 Rolling instability, the instability whereby the motion of the aircraft takes up an increasing oscillation after a rolling disturbance and does not settle down to a horizontal position.
1914Techn. Rep. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut. 1912–13 117 Measurements of..*rolling moment, for varying angles of yaw. 1939L. Bairstow Appl. Aerodynamics (ed. 2) iv. 188 Since L denotes rolling moment and p the angular velocity of roll. 1974H. Ashley Engin. Anal. Flight Vehicles i. 4 At high speeds, rolling moment may be exerted simply by differential rotation of two all-movable horizontal stabilizers.
1923Rep. & Mem. Aeronaut. Res. Comm. No. 846. 1 It was found necessary..to augment considerably the damping of the *rolling motion.
1912Techn. Rep. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut. 1911–12 103 The one claim that is made for the ‘lower centre of gravity aeroplane’ is that, although it rolls, the *rolling movement is a steady one. 1958D. Piggott Gliding iii. 16 The ailerons control rolling or banking movements about the longitudinal axis.
1915A. Fage Aeroplane vi. 86 If the moments of inertia of the machine about the longitudinal and normal axes be small, the yawing and *rolling oscillations will be rapid. 1971Aeronaut. Jrnl. LXXV. 297/2 The ability of an aircraft to maintain the desired direction of motion depends mostly on the roll response to aileron, the steadiness of the motion being influenced by the dutch-roll mode, which is a combined yawing and rolling oscillation.
1977Rolling Stone 5 May 81/4 (Advt.), Includes *rolling papers and free legal-highs catalogue. 1979Christian Science Monitor (Eastern ed.) 21 Nov. b2/2 The sale of rolling papers at supermarkets and the open sale of drug paraphernalia at head shops tend to signal children that the drug culture must be okay.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. September 74 Emperours-pear, Cluster-pear,..*Rowling-pear. 1672Grew Anat. Plants (1682) 15 Some Apples mend their Taste by Scoaping and Pears by Rowling, especially that called the Rowling Pear.
1859Rankine Steam Eng. 17 By the rolling of two surfaces over each other without sliding, a resistance is caused, which is called sometimes ‘rolling friction’, but more correctly *rolling resistance.
1696–1715Laws of Maryland iv. (1723) 10 His Excellency..hath caused Four *Rolling Roads to be made and cleared for the Rolling or Transporting Tobacco or Goods by Land. 1884Cent. Mag. Jan. 447/1 The road, which went round about to avoid hills, was called a ‘rolling-road’.
1815Ann. Reg., Chron. 84 The silver or *rolling room.
1921Rep. & Mem. Aeronaut. Res. Comm. No. 745. 6 In still air, the test for rolling instability would be given by a jerk on the ailerons sufficient to depress one wing. If, after subsequent return of the control column the aeroplane tends to resume an even keel, there is ‘*rolling stability’. 1938Aircraft Engin. Jan. 15/1 The effect on rolling stability of lowering the flaps..is quite small.
1900H. Lawson Over Sliprails 32, I was slipping past to the *rolling-tables, carrying three fleeces to save a journey.
†b. rolling hose or rolling stockings, stockings of which the tops could be rolled up or down on the leg. Obs. (Cf. roll-up n. 1.)
1683Lond. Gaz. No. 1834/4 A pair of new rowling Worsted Stockings. 1686Ibid. No. 2155/4 A Parcel of Rouling Silk Hose..supposed to be stolen. 1704Ibid. No. 4067/7 A dark-coloured Coat, and rolling Stockings.
c. Naut. in rolling-chock, -cleat, -rope, tackle, applied to devices used to strengthen the yards against the strain produced by the rolling of the vessel.
1762Falconer Shipwreck ii. 248 They furl the sail, and pointed to the wind The yard, by rolling tackles then confin'd. 1769― Dict. Marine (1780), Rolling-tackle, a pulley or purchase fastened to that part of a sail-yard which is to the windward of the mast, in order to confine the yard close down to..leeward when the sail is furled. 1840R. H. Dana Before Mast xxv, We were hard at work..getting rolling⁓ropes on the yard,..and making other preparations for a storm. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict., Rolling-Chock, or Rolling-Cleat, a piece of wood fastened to the middle of an upper yard, with a piece cut out of its centre so that it may half encircle the mast, to which it is secured by an iron parrel. Ibid., Rolling-Tackles, tackles sometimes attached to a lower yard, to steady it in a heavy sea.
▪ III. rolling, ppl. a.|ˈrəʊlɪŋ|
[f. roll v.2]
1. a. That turns over and over, esp. so as to move forward on a surface or down a slope.
c1500More Fortune in Songs, Carols, etc. (E.E.T.S.) 78 The rollyng dise in whom your lukk doth stonde. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. vi. 31 That Goddesse [sc. Fortune] blind, that stands vpon the rolling restlesse Stone. 1611Bible Ecclus. xxxiii. 5 His thoughts are like a rolling axeltree. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 66 Sisyphus that labours up the Hill The rowling Rock. 1742Gray Eton 29 What idle progeny succeed To chase the rolling circle's speed? 1847Emerson Repr. Men, Goethe Wks. (Bohn) I. 382 Nature will be reported... The rolling rock leaves its scratches on the mountain. 1882Minchin Unipl. Kinemat. 71 The length of the arc..measured on the surface of the rolling body.
b. That moves or runs upon wheels.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Voluens, Plaustra voluentia, rollynge wagons. 1648Hexham ii, Een Rol-wagen, a Roling wagon, to carry wares or commodities upon. 1853–[see rolling stock]. 1891Daily News 7 July 2/5, I have not thought it necessary to make rolling-load tests personally.
c. Of a person, his opinions: Changeable, shifting, variable, inconstant. Now rare or Obs.
1561T. Norton tr. Calvin's Inst. iii. 179 Faith is not contented with a doutfull and rowling opinion. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xix. (1614) 219 Of which you have heard their rolling opinion before. 1652N. Culverwel Treat. i. ix. (1661) 58 Had I met with this in a fluctuating Academick, in a rowling Sceptick. 1731Rape of Helen Pref. p. vi, A man that has a rolling fancy, and can adapt his conceptions with pompous words and sounding epithets, is sure to carry the prize.
d. Of time or seasons: Steadily moving onwards, elapsing; also, moving round, recurring.
1695Prior Ode pres. to King ii, Oft as the rolling Years return. 1700Rowe Amb. Step-Mother i. i, Rolling Time, that gathers as it goes. c1760Smollett Ode to blue-ey'd Ann 19 When rolling seasons cease to change. 1835Wordsw. On Death J. Hogg 13 Nor has the rolling year twice measured..its steadfast course, Since [etc.]. 1850Tennyson In Mem. li, Ye watch..the rolling hours With larger other eyes than ours.
e. Progressive; increasing, accumulating. Also, renewable; subject to periodic review; responsive to changing conditions.
1719W. Wood Surv. Trade 41 The 17 or 18 millions lost..by the French Trade..would by a continued rolling Encrease, have added more than sufficient to double the 56 Millions. 1887Times 22 Apr. 7/6 He established rolling annuities which do credit to the ingenuity of the right honourable gentleman. 1959Daily Tel. 8 July 10/3 Western policy, particularly as foreseen by Mr. Macmillan and Mr. Selwyn Lloyd, can be expressed as ‘rolling negotiations’. 1960Guardian 27 Oct. 1/5 His successful efforts to secure a three-year rolling programme for major [road] improvements. 1962Listener 10 May 796/2 Nor is rolling planning, by which long-term targets are modified each year in the light of changing circumstances, any answer. 1971Guardian 31 Mar. 13/6 The new rolling three year contract which gives the Authority an opportunity to warn a company to do better. 1972Times 14 Sept. 18/5 The Post Office..has a five-year rolling programme (meaning that it is regularly reviewed) to spend {pstlg}3,000 m on overall improvements and developments. 1978Broadcast 9 Jan. 17/2 We disagree with their suggestion that the present system of rolling contracts be replaced by fixed term contracts. 1981Listener 26 Feb. 290/3 Radio London..cannot compete with LBC as a news station offering a ‘rolling’ format—regular bulletins linked by expanded news items..and local information.
f. Staggered, rotating; esp. of strikes, power-cuts, etc., that take place in different places in succession. orig. U.S.
1961Webster s.v. Rolling adj., The economy was going through a rolling adjustment in which first one industry and then another was affected. 1969Age (Melbourne) 24 May 3/8 The secretary of the Trades Hall Council..condemned threats of further rolling strikes. 1974Ebony Feb. 36/1 If this phase fails, we will have no choice except to turn to mandatory cutbacks, and then perhaps rolling blackouts. 1979‘A. Hailey’ Overload iv. xi. 351 ‘If we do have a serious oil shortage, almost certainly there will be rolling blackouts. You know what those are?’.. ‘I think so. It means electric power will be off in different places for hours at a time.’
2. a. Revolving, rotating; turning on, or as on, an axis; moving round a centre.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. i. 387 Let them deny..End and beginning to th' Heav'ns rowling roundnes. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. v. 2 Who so list..search the courses of the rowling spheares. 1670Milton Brut 2 Goddess of Shades.., who at will Walk'st on the rowling Sphear. 1678R. Cudworth Intell. Syst. 882 Vulgar Opinion..supposes the Fixed Stars..to be the Utmost Wall, or Arched Roof, and Rowling Circumference thereof. 1707Prior Simile 6 Didst Thou never see..A Squirrel spend his little Rage In jumping round a rowling Cage? 1784Cowper Task v. 814 The God Who..wheels his throne upon the rolling worlds. 1848Dickens Dombey xxix, Aldermen and knights to boot: at whose sage nod..the rolling world stands still.
b. Of the eyes: Moving to and fro or up and down in the sockets.
1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 245 When I..cast my rolling eyes from corner to corner,..I see a liuely..image. 1598Drayton Heroical Ep. iii. 29 Whilst I behold thy Globe⁓like rowling Eye. 1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. ii. iv, Thy..rowing eye that, smiling, tells the truth. 1875Buckland Log-bk. 195 Great rolling eyes. [1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 862 The ocular muscles have been implicated, causing rolling movements of the globes.]
Comb.1848Buckley Iliad 305 The Trojans first drove back the rolling-eyed Greeks.
c. Turning round, turned over, in a coil or fold.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 790 Bolde burnez wer þay boþe with berdles chynnez, Royl rollande fax to raw sylk lyke. 1611Cotgr., Volute, the rolling shell of a Snayle. 1842Fraser's Mag. Dec. 657/1 To a white satin vest, fancy sprig, rolling collar, 1l. 15s. 1876Encycl. Brit. IV. 496/2 To this old manner of forming shutters must be added the rolling shutters of Clark..and others. 1883Cent. Mag. Sept. 725 The rolling scrolls, borrowed from the Romans.
d. Of thoughts: Revolving. rare—1.
1677Sedley Ant. & Cl. Wks. 1722 I. 165 Her rowling Thoughts on some dire Mischief bent.
e. Swinging, swaying.
1755Johnson, A Wallow, a kind of rolling walk. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 580 Extreme vertigo, a rolling gait, and lateral nystagmus.
3. a. Heaving, surging, swelling, flowing strongly and steadily onwards.
1633T. James Voy. 29 There came a great rowling Sea. 1642H. More Song of Soul ii. cxxix. Wks. (Grosart) 31 Woods rent from hence, its rowling rage bestows In other places that were bare before. 1721Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 28 Herrings..like best to play..In rowan ocean, or the open bay. 1773Wesley Jrnl. 23 Mar., We had..a strong gale, and a rolling sea. 1848Dickens Dombey iv, Think of the pitch-dark nights, the roaring winds, and rolling seas. 1850Tennyson In Mem. cxxix, Thy voice is on the rolling air.
fig.1695Ld. Preston Boeth. i. 31 Toss'd on the rowling Waves Of giddy Chance. 1781Cowper Conversat. 557 Its head is guarded as its base is sure; Fix'd in the rolling flood of endless years.
†b. Of sands: Moving, shifting. Obs. rare.
1632Lithgow Trav. vi. 293 A fiery faced plaine, scorch'd with burning heate, and deepe rolling Sand. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 32 Afrique, where the greatest part is rowling sands, which permit no foundation of Towns nor long stations.
c. Ascending or moving in curls or rolls.
1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 21 A tremulous Motion and Agitation of rowling fumes. 1667Milton P.L. i. 671 A Hill..whose griesly top Belch'd fire and rowling smoak. 1728Pope Dunc. i. 248 He..lights the structure..: The rolling smoke involves the sacrifice. 1770Goldsm. Des. Vill. 191 Round its breast the rolling clouds are spread. 1906Temple Bar Jan. 18 The old man looked..through the window at the rolling mist.
4. a. Producing a continuous swelling sound; reverberating, resounding. Also fig.
1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nat. Paradox ii. 37 Seeing..the Rowling Thunder grumble, and the stormy clowds burst under his feet. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xix. (Roxb.) 154/2 The manner of which beatings [of a drum] is performed by..down right and rowling blows. 1781Cowper Expost. 499 Thy Druids.., while the victim..bled to death, Upon the rolling chords rung out his dying breath. 1842Tennyson Sir Galahad vii, A rolling organ-harmony Swells up, and shakes and falls. 1847De Quincey Span. Mil. Nun ii, Then came a rolling fire of thanks to St. Sebastian.
†b. Fluent, voluble. Obs.
1579G. Harvey Letter-Bk. (Camden) 71 The rowlinge tongue..of..ouer fine Cambridge barber. 1586J. Hooker Hist. Irel. in Holinshed II. 94/2 He was..in countenance amiable,.. a rolling tongue and a rich utterance.
c. Continuously sounded or trilled.
1863A. M. Bell Princ. Speech 191 There is a difficulty..to unaccustomed organs, in producing a rolling or vibrated R. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 151 Its rolling notes recall those of the Carolina wren, but are stronger.
5. Of prairie-land, etc.: Having a succession of gentle undulations; wavy, undulating. Also transf. of mountainous scenery. Orig. U.S.
1819Schoolcraft Lead Mines 26 The lands lie rolling, like a body of water in gentle agitation. 1835W. Irving Tour Prairies xvi, The land was high and undulating, or ‘rolling’, as it is termed in the West. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 154 A rolling, rugged down, flecked with patches of..heath. 1903G. B. Shaw Man & Superman iii. 71 Rolling slopes of brown with olive trees instead of apple trees in the cultivated patches. 1914Chesterton Flying Inn xxi. 252 Before the Roman came to Rye or out to Severn strode, The rolling English drunkard made the rolling English road. 1949Boston Sunday Globe 1 May (Fiction Mag.) 3/2 This was rolling prairie with mottes of timber and brush thickets. 1977Time 14 Mar. 48/2 (Advt.), The majestic mountain views of Trinchera Peak and Mount Blanca..stand as silent sentinels protecting the rolling foothills.
6. In special collocations:
a. Denoting that the thing in question rolls or is rolled in some way, as rolling barrel, rolling book, rolling bridge, rolling chair, rolling coulter, rolling croquet, rolling cultivator, rolling ground, rolling hitch, rolling lamp, rolling library, rolling pendulum, rolling plant, rolling purchase, rolling refinery (slang), rolling road, rolling table, † rolling trench (cf. rolled ppl. a. 1 c), rolling weed, rolling wheel (see quots.). rolling boil Cookery, a continuous rapid boil. rolling lift bridge, a type of bascule bridge (see quot. 1930).
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 238/1 Barrel, a cylindrical vessel moving on an axis, for..making gunpowder. In the latter case it is partially filled with bell-metal balls, and is called a *rolling-barrel.
1969Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 5 Sept. 31 Heat fermented barley mash..to a ‘*rolling boil’ in a portable boiler above the stove. 1972K. Lo Chinese Food i. 20 This soup is then brought to a rolling boil.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 244 An expression proper unto the paginall books of our times, but not so agreeable unto volumes or *rolling bookes in use among the Jews.
1666Lond. Gaz. No. 36/1 The preparations of Waggons, *Rowling bridges and other Instruments of Warr. 1771Encycl. Brit. II. 16/1 These rolling-bridges consist of a number of cylindrical rollers which turn easily on pivots. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 763/2 Rolling Bridge, one whose roadway traverses longitudinally on piers..or on rails.
1700Dryden Ovid's Met. xv. 339 By slow degrees he [sc. a child] gathers from the ground His legs, and to the *rolling chair is bound. 1819Lady Morgan Autobiog. (1859) 275 This it was which sent me (dressed up in my rolling chair) to thank him on the eve of his departure. 1886W. J. Tucker E. Europe 114 His Excellency,..entering his rolling-chair, was wheeled off to bed.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Rolling-colter, a sharp-edged wheel which is attached to the beam of a plow, and cuts downwardly through the grass and soil.
1877Encycl. Brit. VI. 609/2 *Rolling croquet, in which the balls are sent together in nearly the same line, is made by trailing the mallet after the balls as soon as the stroke or tap is made.
1975N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Sept. 18/1 (Advt.), Yet the fact remains that the Lilliston-Lehman *rolling cultivator continues along in a class by itself.
1883W. H. Parker Recoll. Naval Officer iii. 22 On the third day toward sunset we succeeded in anchoring on the ‘*rolling ground’ just outside the harbour [of Rio de Janeiro], and the most dangerous anchorage we could have selected. 1959Internat. Hydrogr. Bull. VIII. 241 Subsequently when anchored in other offshore rolling grounds on the New Zealand coasts, Lachlan's ship's company comforted themselves with the memory that this was not so bad as the Zephyr.
1769W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine s.v. hitch, A *rolling-hitch. 1841Dana Seaman's Man. 40 A bend, sometimes called a rolling hitch, is made by two round-turns round a spar and two half-hitches round the standing part. 1883Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships R. Navy (Admiralty) (1886) 87 Q. What is a rolling-hitch used for..? A. Bending a small rope to a large one, putting a tail jigger on a backstay. 1976Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 719/2 A rolling hitch properly tied will never slip.
1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) IX. 517/1 *Rolling Lamp:..though the whole machine be rolled along the ground,..the flame will always be uppermost.
1920R. Frost Let. 19 Sept. (1972) 94, I ran into the *rolling library at Manchester Vt and had a good talk with Miss Frank who seemed to have been getting experience as well as selling books.
1930F. J. Taylor Mod. Bridge Constr. viii. 124 Of the two types of bascule bridge, it may be well to deal with the Rolling Lift or Scherzer type first. The motion of this type of bridge is similar to that of a rocking chair as it rolls back at the same time as the end rises... The majority of *rolling lift bridges at the present day are of the single-leaf class. 1933Discovery Apr. 129/2 The scheme must..provide for rail and road cross-river traffic by means of viaducts and rolling lift bridges.
1849Craig s.v., *Rolling-pendulum, a cylinder caused to oscillate in small spaces on a horizontal plane; it has been applied to no important practical purpose.
1864Webster, *Rolling-plant, the locomotives and vehicles of a railway.
1869Boutell Arms & Armour viii. 141 Of these cross-bows..there were three varieties, severally named—the hind's foot, the lever, and the *rolling purchase [arbalète à tour].
1975L. Dills CB Slanguage Dict. 51 *Rolling refinery, truck hauling gas or oil (SW). 1976Perkowski & Stral Joy of CB 174 Rolling refinery, a truck hauling gasoline or oil.
1969‘D. Rutherford’ Gilt-Edged Cockpit vii. 117 Its tests on the ‘*rolling road’ completed..the driver had taken it up to Silverstone. 1970Daily Tel. 11 Feb. 14/5 A full diagnostic centre, including such refinements as a ‘rolling road’, to give engine and brake tests under simulated high speeds, involves considerable investment.
1971Timber Trades Jrnl. 14 Aug. 71 (Advt.), Stenner VB 42in *rolling table log bandsaw machine, 20ft tables, VG type feed gear, with all electrics and control gear.
1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 797 The Turks..with a *rowling trench drew neerer and neerer unto the castle. 1641Milton Animadv. Pref., As if he had the surety of some rouling trench, [he] creeps up by this meanes to his relinquish'd fortresse of divine authority.
1888Cent. Mag. Jan. 453/2 A ‘tumble-weed’ or ‘*rolling-weed’—one of those globular perennials of the plains that.. goes rolling around over the prairies at the mercy of the blast.
1863S. R. Graves Yachting Cruise Baltic 48 These rocks..are ground together by a heavy *rolling-wheel worked by simple machinery.
b. Denoting that the thing causes rolling or flattening, as rolling girth, rolling machine, rolling muscle, rolling stroke.
This sense approximates to the attributive use of the vbl. n., and is not always distinguishable from it.
1612S. Sturtevant Met. (1854) 76 The brasse plate and the *rowling girth are necessarie..additions in the Engine of the Printing Presse.
1832H. Martineau Hill & Valley (1843) 83 The roller and his catcher stand on each side of the *rolling-machine. 1885C. G. W. Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iv. 229 For modern work [in bookbinding], the rolling machine is..better than the hammer.
1615Crooke Body of Man 629 There are three kinde of Muscles..which wee may call Locutorij, Gustatorij and Cibi reuolutores, the Speaking, the Tasting and the *Rowling Muscles.
1874J. D. Heath Croquet Player 35 The *Rolling or Following Stroke. Ibid., It is a mistake to suppose that a very great amount of force is required for rolling strokes.
Hence ˈrollingly adv.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Volutatim, with tumblynge and tossynge; rollingely. Ibid., Volubiliter, rollingely; roundely. [Hence in later Latin and Italian Dicts.] a1839Galt Demon of Destiny viii. (1840) 52 Waves on waves Rose rollingly. a1842Maginn Shaks. Papers (1859) 152 Which may be rollingly Englished, Ladies [etc.].
▸ rolling news n. Broadcasting news reports broadcast 24 hours a day; freq. attrib., esp. designating a service, channel, or station devoted to this.
1982Economist 25 Sept. 36 *Rolling news... It chose LBC..then rushed it onto the air..to develop a radio news service as well as Britain's first all talk station. 1997M. Kieran Media Ethics iii. 45 The constant pressures of deadlines and time constraints of rolling news services can exacerbate the tendency merely to report without really finding out and conveying what exactly is going on.
▪ IV. rolling, pres. pple. colloq.|rəʊlɪŋ|
[f. roll v.2 20.]
Short for rolling in money, wealth, etc.
1905H. A. Vachell Hill ix. 186 He's going to marry a girl who is simply rolling. 1921G. O'Donovan Vocations xiii. 193, I wish the dear nuns would share some of their poverty with us. They must be rolling. 1922C. Sidgwick Victorian xxi. 163 He isn't a bad old thing at all and he's simply rolling. 1936R. Lehmann Weather in Streets iii. 352, I ought to get quite a decent screw—these film people are rolling. 1967E. Lemarchand Death of Old Girl iii. 31 She was rolling, and insisted on making him a decent allowance. 1976Listener 6 May 574/4 Cyril at the forge, who started out shoeing plough-oxen for shillings, but who is now rolling due to horse-trials at Badminton and polo at Cirencester. |