| 释义 |
presidial, a. and n.|prɪˈsɪdɪəl|
Also rare præsidial.
[a. F. présidial (15th c. in Godef. Compl.), as n. a provincial court, as adj. belonging to such a court, ad. late L. præsidiālis = præsidālis, f. præses, -idem, the governor of a province, esp. (in 14th c.) of one of the second rank: see præses and -al1. In sense 4, f. L. præsidium, Sp. presidio garrison, fort.]
A. adj.
I.
1. French Hist. Of or pertaining to a province, provincial. presidial court, a court of justice having jurisdiction within certain limits, formerly established in France in towns or cities not having a parlement: see B. So presidial seat = F. siège présidial.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Presidiaux, The Offices of a Presidiall Seat, or Court. 1613in Crt. & Times Jas. I (1849) I. 267 To translate, by way of punishment, the presidial seat of justice, which is there [Nismes], to Beaucaire. 1661Cressy Refl. Oathes Suprem. & Alleg. 66 Fossart..was sentenced by the presidial Court of Justice in Caen publickly and bare-headed to acknowledge that the said propositions were false. 1706tr. Dupin's Eccl. Hist. 16th C. II. iv. xix. 305 note, Presidial Courts are usually held in Cities, in which there are no Parliaments which are what in France they call Sovereign Courts. 1815Paris Chit-Chat II. 158 A man..who continued to talk of Metz, and of the Presidial Court.
†2. Of a Roman province: Under a præses (but sometimes vaguely or incorrectly used). Obs.
a1654Selden Eng. Epin. ii. (1683) 6 A good part of the Isle conquered, and into a presidial Province reduced. 1731Hist. Litteraria II. 59 The Consulares, Correctores, and Præsides had the Government of one single Province, which from the quality of its Governour was called Consular, Correctorial, or Presidial. 1771Macpherson Introd. Hist. Gt. Brit. 264 They were succeeded in the presidial provinces by new levies of hardy and uncorrupted barbarians.
3. Of or pertaining to a president or the action or function of presiding. rare.
[1598Florio, Presidiale, of or pertaining to a president, or presidencie, presidiall, of a garrison.] 1656Blount Glossogr., Presidial, pertaining to a Lieutenant, Vice-Roy, chief Ruler or President. 1685Cotton tr. Montaigne III. 495 Judgment holds in me a presidial seat, at least it carefully endeavours to make it so. 1769De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. II. 98 The Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London have a Right Presidial in Southwark, and hold frequent Courts at St. Margaret's-hill in the Borough. 1891Harper's Mag. Jan. 215/1 Watching the scene with a suave, presidial gaze, as if he were the patron of the ball. 1918C. G. Robertson Bismarck v. 285 Bismarck persuaded the King of Bavaria to write to the King of Prussia, inviting him..to take the Imperial Crown and exercise as Emperor his Praesidial rights in the Confederation.
II.
4. †a. Of, pertaining to, or occupied by a garrison; fortified; = presidiary a. (obs.) b. Of or pertaining to a presidio.
[1598: see sense 3.] c1645Howell Lett. i. xxxix, There are three Presidiall Castles in this Citie. 1650― Giraffi's Rev. Naples i. Ded., Naples, commanded by a Viceroy, and three præsidiall Castles. 1652Ibid. ii. 10 They plac'd presidiall forces of their own there. 1883Century Mag. XXVI. 203 A second class of pueblos, called, in the legal phrase of California's later days, ‘Presidial Pueblos’, had originated in the settlement of the presidios.
B. n. French Hist. A presidial court of justice in France: see A. 1.
1683Apol. Prot. France ii. 15 He cites them before the Presidial of Nismes. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour, France IV. 6 Under these supreme courts, there are others for smaller matters, established in all the considerable towns of the kingdom, and distinguished by the name of presidials. 1820A. Ranken Hist. France VII. iii. ii. 339 There shall be..a presidial in the town of Rhodes.
Hence preˈsidially adv. rare.
1611Cotgr., Presidialement, presidially; within presidiall Iurisdiction, or compasse. |