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† prevost, ‖ prévôt
[a. OF. prevost, mod.F. prévôt (prevo):—L. præpositus one appointed over others, provost.]
The French equivalent of provost, retained by Caxton in translating from Fr., and used in modern times in reference to France and the Channel Islands.
†1. The provost or president of a chapter or collegiate church; = provost 1. Obs.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 35 b/1 Whome wilt thou gyue me of thise preuostes that entende not more to empte the purse of his subgettis than [etc.]? 1838Penny Cycl. XI. 90/1 Gassendi was promoted to a canonry in the cathedral of Digne, where he was..appointed prevôt of the church.
‖ 2. a. In France: Formerly, an officer of the king or a feudal seigneur charged in his name to collect imposts and administer justice; also, a provost-marshal; now, the judge of a prevotal court.
† prevost de l'hostel, an officer of the French King's household, who had cognizance of criminal cases affecting members of the court.
1644Evelyn Diary 20 Apr., The Prevost Martial, with his assistants, going in persuite. 1670Cotton Espernon iii. xi. 538 An Archer belonging to the Prevost de l'Hostel, that the Partners had substituted, for the gathering in of this Impost. Ibid. xii. 617 He sent a Prevost to take him, wherein he was also so successful, as to have him forc'd away from his own Country. 1841James Brigand xxv, What he has done requires the chastisement of my prévôt.
b. In Guernsey: The name of the officer corresponding to the High Sheriff of an English county; also, both in Jersey and Guernsey, an estates bailiff or sergeant of a fief.[1331Precepte d'Assize (Billet d'Etat, Guernsey 9 May 1906) Ung sergeant appellé le Prevost du Roy. 1580–83Approbation des Lois (1897) 9 Les Seigneurs qui ont prévôts ou meûniers les peuvent faire arrêter par le Prévôt du Roi.] 1682Warburton Hist. Guernsey (1822) 55 The King's Prévôt is elected after the same manner as the Jurats are. His office is..to bring all criminals before them [the court]..to see the sentence executed. He executes all arrests. Ibid. 68 The private men's fiefs, most commonly the rents are received by prévôts. 1682[see prévôté]. 1857Order in Council 21 Feb., That the Prevost is the Executive Officer of Justice in the Island of Guernsey, both in civil and in criminal matters. 1862Ansted Channel Isl. iv. xxiii. (ed. 2) 525 In Jersey there is an officer called Vicomte, or Viscount, who represents the High Sheriff of an English County. The corresponding officer in Guernsey is called the Prevôt. 1908A. Hilgrove Turner in Let. to Editor, In ten of the twelve parishes of Jersey there are subordinate officers of the Royal Court called ‘The King's Prévôts’. These are furnished in turn by the various proprietors on the Crown fiefs... There are also what de Geyt calls ‘les petits Prevosts’, i.e. Prévôts of ‘Fiefs subalternes’ or private fiefs.
Hence † ˈprevostship, the office, jurisdiction, or district of a prevost; ˈprevotal [F. prévôtal] a., of or pertaining to a French prévôt; prevotal court, a French temporary criminal tribunal, from which there is no appeal; ‖ prévôté [F., = provosty], in Jersey and Guernsey, a fief held by a prévôt.
1577F. de L'isle's Legendarie A vj, The seconde [daughter]..was giuen to Iames Marquise of Baden, with the dowrye of three preuostshipps..besides a good summe of money. 1821New Monthly Mag. I. 303 Military police was established; the ordinary laws suspended; a prevotal tribunal erected at Mayence. 1839Blackw. Mag. XLV. 435 Nine years of agitations, civil war, regicide, insurrections, prevotal courts, states of siege, and then amnesty, order, prosperity, and peace. 1682Warburton Hist. Guernsey (1822) 68 There are yet other fiefs where the lord's rent is received by prévotés, which are tenements or lands, parcel of the fief, obliged by their tenure to collect the lord's rents... Such as hold by this sort of tenure are, in the old Coutumier, called prévôts-receveurs. |