| 释义 |
▪ I. bargain, n.1|ˈbɑːgɪn|
Forms: 4 bargayn, -geyne, 4–6 -gan(e, -gayn(e, 4–7 gaine, 5 bergayne, bargen, -geyn, 6 bergan, bargyn, -gin, 6– bargain.
[a. OF. bargaine, also bargaigne, -gagne, -caigne = Pr., Pg. barganha (cf. Pr. barganh, It. bargagno), pointing to a late L. form *barcāne-um, -a: see bargain v. The etymology being obscure, the development of meaning is also doubtful.]
†1.
a. Discussion between two parties of the terms on which one is to give or do something to or for the other; chaffering; bargaining. Obs.
1330R. Brunne Chorn. 270 Þe cardinals..Oft for þe pes with Philip mad bergayn. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 189 Bargeyns [C. bargeynes] and beuerages bi-gonne to aryse. c1440Promp. Parv. 24 Bargayne, licitacio, stipulacio. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. i. 139 In the way of Bargaine..Ile cauill on the ninth part of a hayre.
†b. to beat a (the) bargain: to bargain, haggle.
1664Killigrew Parson's Wed. iii. v, To beat a bargain for a score of sheep. 1667Pepys Diary 14 Aug., With a little beating the bargain, we come to a perfect agreement.
2. a. An agreement between two parties settling how much each gives and takes, or what each performs and receives, in a transaction between them; a compact.
c1340Cursor M. (Trin.) 16490 Al for nouȝt..þe bargan made hit is. c1386Chaucer Frankl. T. 502 This bargaine is ful-drive..Ye shul be paied trewely. 1464Mann. & Househ. Exp. 261 In party of payment off theyr bargeyn..v. marc. xxd. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. 19 A bargain is a bargain, and must stand without all excepcion. 1597Bacon Good & Evil (1862) 266 The second blow makes the fray, The second word makes the bargaine. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, v. ii. 134, I loue you..so clap hands, and a bargaine. 1674Owen Holy Spirit (1693) 93 An Earnest is the Confirmation of a Bargain and Contract made. 1833H. Martineau Cinnamon & P. v. 92 The colony will not long fulfil its part in this unequal bargain.
b. Sometimes applied to what one of the parties has contracted or stipulated to do or receive; or to the aspect of the compact towards one of the parties, e.g. a ‘bad bargain.’
1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) iv. xxi. 224 The seller putteth in his bargayne that he may bye again his herytage. 1593Tell-trothe's N.Y. Gift 33 Whosoever..is bound to a bad bargain. 1603Knolles Hist. Turkes (1638) 221 The best bargaine they could make therein. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 473 The buyer may condemn the seller if the cattel be not so good as his bargain. 1769Junius Lett. v. 28 This is the losing bargain.
3. a. That which is acquired by bargaining; a purchase regarded in the light of its proving advantageous or the reverse; without qualification, an advantageous purchase.
1352[see 7.] 1516Churchw. Acc. St. Marg. (Nicholls) 8 Given to the broker that did help us to the bargain of the barneston, 4d. a1619Fletcher Wit without M. v. 163 Before I buy a bargain of such Runts, I'le buy a Colledge for Bears. a1656Bp. Hall Rem. Wks. (1660) 144 How may I get a good bargain? 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xii, I had them a dead bargain, or I should not have bought them. 1812Examiner 14 Sept. 591/2 They should not trust..to buying bargains, as they will often meet..with..blind ones. 1882C. Pebody Eng. Journalism xv. 110 A couple of books..which he had picked up as a bargain.
b. In certain coalfields in England, a piece of work let to the workmen making the lowest offer. Also Comb., as bargain-letting, bargain-man, bargain-taker, bargain-work (see quot. 1851 in sense 8).
1825E. Mackenzie Hist. Northumb. (ed. 2) I. 100 These bargains are taken in partnerships, consisting of from two to eight men. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Bargain-men. 1881Instr. Census Clerks (1885) 84 Copper Miner... Bargain Man. 1897Daily News 18 Mar. 3/4 They cannot take special bits of work, known as bargains, but must go to the bargain-takers and ask them for rock to cut up. 1897Westm. Gaz. 1 Sept. 7/1 Bargain-letting recommenced to-day at Lord Penrhyn's Carnarvonshire slate quarries.
c. esp. An article of which the price is professedly reduced for the purpose of a special sale in a shop or stores; also attrib. and Comb. designating persons and things associated with the practice of offering goods for sale in this way, e.g. bargain counter, bargain-day, bargain-hunt (also as v. intr.), bargain-hunter, bargain-hunting, bargain-price, bargain-sale, bargain-seeker; bargain basement, a basement floor where bargains are displayed; also transf. and fig.
1899Chicago Daily News 25 May 19/6 There is not room in our Bargain Basement for all the bargains we have created for to-morrow. 1927Star 1 June 6/1 Selfridge's Bargain Basement. 1932Daily Express 27 June 11/3 Every railway company, every travel bureau, every steamship line has its own ‘bargain basement’. 1935Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Oct. 190 Ghostly raiment which to them is none the less resplendent through being acquired in the bargain basement of compromise and expediency. 1959Economist 10 Jan. 100/1 Any such bargain-basement nuclear deterrent as we could hope to produce and mount in this country will be minimally effective.
1888Scribner's Mag. Jan. 65/2 Ladies..in all the finery that the ‘bargain counters’ of Fourteenth Street could furnish. 1904Post Express (Rochester, N.Y.) 22 July 4 The bargain counter rates for steerage traffic. 1908G. Burgess Maxims of Methus. xvi. 14 From the bargain counter she selecteth her gloves.
1887Puck 23 Nov. 210/2 Football's too tame... You've never seen the women at Macy's on bargain-day. 1902A. Bennett Anna of 5 Towns xiii. 350 The bargain-hunt was up.., always second-hand, but always good. 1937M. Hillis Orchids on Budget (1938) iii. 39 If you must bargain-hunt, do it late in the season at a good shop.
1791J. Lackington Memoirs xix. 143 These very bargain hunters have given me double the price that I now charge. 1838Mag. Domestic Econ. III. 201 If you leave it to their integrity..you will generally be supplied with better provisions..than by becoming a ‘bargain hunter’. 1886Longm. Mag. VII. 447 Last month was a lucky one for bargain-hunters.
1792M. Wollstonecraft Rights Wom. iv. 166 Those English women whose time is spent in..shopping, bargain-hunting. 1884C. Dickens Dict. Lond. 82/1 People bargain-hunting in this market. 1938Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Yr. 1938 423/1 Endeavours to lure the impoverished, bargain hunting public of the United States to the box office.
1904Westm. Gaz. 7 Jan. 8/1 Jewellery and chiffons and laces are there, going at bargain prices.
1898C. A. Bates Clothing Bk. No. 5211 Garments for which you pay the additional price at widely advertised ‘bargain’ sales. 1907‘O. Henry’ Trimmed Lamp (1916) 114 ‘Have I ever chucked any bargain sale stuff at you, Moll?’ asked the Kid, with calm dignity.
1834Chambers's Edin. Jrnl. III. 145/3 The unrespective hands of brokers and bargain-seekers.
4. transf. A transaction that entails consequences, especially unpleasant ones; a (bad or unfortunate) ‘business.’ arch. or Obs.
c1400Rom. Rose 4932 Youthe gynneth ofte siche bargeyne, That may not eende withouten peyne. 1413Lydg. Pylgr. Sowle iv. xv. (1483) 63 One of vs thre must abye this bargeyn. c1460Towneley Myst. 22 That bargan may they ban, That ille has done. 1690Locke Hum. Und. i. iii. (1695) 20 God..would certainly make it a very ill Bargain to the Transgressor.
†5.
a. Contention or contest for the mastery; struggle, combat, fight, battle. north. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce vii. 221 He helpit hym swa in that bargane, That thai thre tratouris he has slane. c1400Destr. Troy vi. 2502 Soche bargens are bytter, þat hafe a bare ende. 1513Douglas æneis iv. Prol. 69 The meik hartis in belling..Mak fers bargane. 1556Lauder Tractate 458 Thay suld be fre..Frome toulȝe, bergane, and debait. 1606Warner Alb. Eng. xiv. xc. (1612) 365 On Brudus side the better of that bloudie bargaine went.
†b. fig. Bout, struggle, stour. Obs.
1615Crooke Body of Man 225 As in hard bargaines of trauell it often hapneth..to Women.
6. Law. bargain and sale. (See quots.)
1602W. Fulbecke 1st. Pt. Parall. 13 When an imperfect bargaine and sale is to bee perfited, the bargainee dooth not take the profites. 1641Termes de la Ley 37 By such a bargaine and sale lands may passe without livery of seisin, if the bargaine and sale bee by deed indented, sealed, and inrolled. 1876Digby Real Prop. vi. 293 A bargain and sale was where the legal owner entered into an agreement with a purchaser for the sale to him of his interest, and the purchaser paid, or promised to pay, the money for the land.
7. Phrases. Dutch or wet bargain: one concluded by the parties drinking together. into (to obs.) the bargain: over and above what is stipulated or expected; moreover, besides. † to buy the bargain dear, (ellipt.) to buy the bargain: to pay dearly for a thing. † to sell any one a bargain: to make a fool of him, to ‘sell’ him. to strike (up obs.) a bargain: to come to terms over a purchase. to be off one's bargain: to be released from an engagement. to make the best of a bad bargain: to make the best of adverse circumstances.
1352Minot Poems vi. (1795) 28 Fro thai met with Inglis⁓men, All thaire bargan dere thai boght. 1530Palsgr. 455/1, I bye the bargayne, or I fele the hurte..Le marché me cuit. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iii. i. 102 The Boy hath sold him a bargaine. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 473 If these things be true, then I will strike up the bargain. 1636Ariana 55 An excellent meanes to revenge him on..Palamede, and to have Ariana to the bargaine. 1640R. Brathwait Boulster Lect. 81 You may suspect mee that I relate these purposely to sell you a Bargaine. 1650Bp. Hall Cases Consc. 21 Before the bargaine be stricken. 1670Ray Prov. 61 Make the best of a bad bargain. a1674Clarendon Hist. Reb. I. i. 45 He paid much too dear for his Wife's Fortune, by taking her Person into the bargain. 1678Otway Friendship in F. 16, I hate a Dutch Bargain that's made in heat of Wine. 1712Arbuthnot John Bull ii. 11 Matters have not been carried on with due secrecy; however, we must make the best of a bad Bargain. 1727Pope Bathos 111 The principal branch of the alamode is the Prurient..It consists..of..selling of bargains, and double entendre. 1729Franklin Ess. Wks. 1840 II. 31 What baser wretch first corrupted him, and then bought the bargain. 1753Scots Mag. July 359/1 The bargain is to be struck at 700,000 florins. 1767Gray in Corr. Nicholls (1843) 68, I should have been glad to hear your uncles were off their bargain. 1790Boswell Johnson (1811) II. 341 Mrs. Thrale was all for..according to the vulgar phrase, ‘making the best of a bad bargain.’ 1805Windham Speeches (1812) II. 271 The recruit took the condition of a soldier, with a guinea to make it a wet bargain. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. IV. xvii. 7 Men had made up their minds to submit to what they could not help, and to make the best of a bad bargain. 1885J. Wray in Chr. Herald 22 Apr. 224/2 To give her view of things with her usual perspicacity, and with a striking emphasis into the bargain.
8. Comb., as bargain-driving. † bargain-penny, money paid ‘on account,’ by way of ratification of a bargain; † Bargain-Saturday, a hiring-day for servants; bargain-wise adv., in the manner of a bargain; bargain-work (dial.), see quot.
1902Spectator 27 Dec. 1023/2 Some men are, it might almost be said, victims of the habit of bargain-driving. 1930T. S. Eliot tr. St.-J. Perse's Anabasis 69 Manœuvres over field to ravish a woman, bargain-driving and plots. 1490Churchw. Acc. St. Dunstan's Canterb., Payde..a bargayn peny for the whyte lymyng of owr Churche. 1796Pegge Anonym. (1809) 266 Earnest money, earnest penny, or bargain penny. 1860E. Venables Isle of Wight 61 Three ‘Bargain Saturdays’ were held at Michaelmas for hiring servants. a1679T. Goodwin Wks. (1863) V. 28 We find this very covenant bargain-wise. 1851Coal-tr. Terms Northumbld. & Durh. 8 Bargain-work, work..let by proposal, amongst the workmen at a colliery, to the lowest offer.
▪ II. † ˈbargain, n.2 Obs. exc. dial.
[? same word as prec.]
A small farm-holding.
1602Carew Cornwall 37 a, A farme, or (as wee call it) a bargaine can no sooner fall in hand, then the Survey Court shall be waited on. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 81 What used to be called in this part of the country ‘a little bargain’: thirty or forty acres, perhaps, of arable land, which the owner and his sons cultivated themselves. 1881I. Wight Gloss. Bargun..a farm of small holding.
▪ III. bargain, v.|ˈbɑːgɪn|
Forms: 4 bargeyne, 4–5 -gane, 4–6 -gayne, 5 -gan, -geyn, 7 -gaine, 6– bargain.
[a. OF. bargaigne-r = Pr. barganhar, It. bargagnare:—late L. barcāneāre, barcāniāre (in Capit. Charles the Bald), which Diez proposes to refer (through *barcāne-us: see bargain n.1) to barca ‘a bark or barge, which,’ according to the definition of Isidore, ‘carries goods to and fro’; thence might arise the sense either of ‘go backwards and forwards, come and go as to a matter, be off and on’ (cf. mod.F. barguigner to hesitate, have difficulty in making up one's mind), or of ‘trade, traffic, deal.’ But difficulties attend both form- and sense-development; and the order of senses here followed is purely empirical.]
1. intr. To treat with any one as to the terms which one party is to give, and the other to accept, in a transaction between them; to try to secure the best possible terms; to haggle over terms.
c1375Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. 1871 II. 213 It is an open foly to bargayne wiþ preestis for siche preier. c1380― Wks. (1880) 472 Cardenals ben brouȝt yn bi antichrist to bargeyne bi symonye. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. cxviii. [cxiv.] 339 We cannot both bargayne and bye all in one daye. 1611Cotgr., Barguigner, to chaffer; to bargaine; or (more properly) to wrangle, dodge, haggle..in the making of a bargaine. 1634Preston New Covt. 89 They will bargaine with the Lord, he will give thee this particular, thou shalt have this. 1701Penn in Pa. Hist. Soc. Mem. IX. 56 No man living can defend us or bargain for us better than myself. 1859Jephson Brittany ix. 136 Judas bargaining with the priests.
2. a. To agree to terms asked and offered; to arrange terms, come to terms; to stipulate; to make or strike a bargain, with a person, for a thing.
1483Cath. Angl. 21/1 To bargan, pacisci. 1536MS. in Thynne Animadv. Introd. 28 John Wylkynson..hath convenanted and bargayned with Edmunde Pekham. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 20 He..bargained with one Fernando Alfonso, for certaine Hogges. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, i. i. 231 While his owne Lands are bargain'd for, and sold. 1712Addison Spect. No. 511 ⁋3 A merchant..bargained for it, and carried it off. 1751Lady Montague Lett. 56 III. 101 The marble was bespoke and the sculptor [was] bargained with. 1876J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. I. i. ii. 100 The Bishop..acted for the Christians, and bargained for nothing more than their lives.
b. with inf. or subord. clause.
1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. ii. i. 307 'Tis bargain'd..That she shall still be curst in company. 1787P. Jones in Sparks Corr. Amer. Rev. (1853) IV. 192, I..have bargained to be landed in France. 1878Simpson School Shaks. I. 46 Bagnall..bargained to sell his estates.
3. fig. to bargain for: to arrange for beforehand, to include in one's reckoning, arrangements, expectations, or forecast; to count on, expect.
1801Jane Austen Let. 3 Jan. (1952) 103 My Mother bargains for having no trouble at all in furnishing our house in Bath. 1840Marryat Olla Podr. (Rtldg.) 330 More wind than we bargained for. 1856Lever Martins Cro' M. 277, I never bargained to dispute against such odds as this. 1883Froude Short Stud. IV. i. vii. 79 In accepting Henry's money they had not bargained for exposure.
†4.
a. trans. To agree to buy or sell; to contract for. Obs. exc. in legal phr. to bargain and sell.
1488–9Act. 4 Hen. VII, xl, No..person..[shall] bye or bargeyn..any wollez than unshorne. a1716South in Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. ix. 16 The wages that sin bargains with the sinner are life, pleasure, and profit. 1768[see bargainor]. 1876[see bargainee].
b. to bargain away: to part with, or lose, as the result of a bargain.
1868Geo. Eliot F. Holt 7 The heir..had somehow bargained away the estate.
†5. (Sc.) To contend, strive, struggle, fight. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce ix. 224 To bargane with his Enymyss. c1470Henry Wallace x. 516 We sall bargane be nyne houris to morn. 1513Douglas æneis iii. iv. 52 Tak thair wapnis, and bargane every man Agane thai cruell peple. |