| 释义 |
▪ I. rother Obs. exc. dial.|ˈrɒðə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 hriðer, hryþer, 1–2 hryðer, 4 riþer. β. 2–3 reðer, 4 reþer, 5–6 rether. γ. 2–3 reoðer, 3 roþer, 3– rother, 5 rodder, 6 rowder. δ. 1 hruðer, 3 ruðer, ruþer, 4, 6 ruther, 5 rudder.
[OE. hríðer, hrýðer, = OFris. (h)rither, reder (NFris. ridder, redder young ox, WFris. rier heifer), a derivative from the stem hríð- (found in hríðfald, -hiorde), = OS. hrîth, for earlier *hrinþ-, which is also represented by OHG. hrind (G. rind), MLG. and MDu. rind-, rint (Du. rund). The shortening of the vowel before the ending -ther (as in mother, brother) prob. took place in later OE., with subsequent variation due to the influence of r.
It is not clear whether OE. hrýðer is a mere variation of hríðer, or represents an original ablaut variant *hrunþ-.]
1. An ox; an animal of the ox kind; pl. oxen, cattle, neat.
α805–31Charter in O.E. Texts 444 An hriðer duᵹunde. 971Blickl. Hom. 199 He..ongan sceotan wiþ þæs þe he ᵹeseah þæt hryþer stondan. c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 100 Ᵹenim cealfes scearn oþþe ealdes hryþeres wearm & leᵹe on. c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 341 Armenta, hryðera heorde. a1122O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1012, Hi..hine þa þær oftorfodon mid banum & mid hryðera heafdum. c1400Trevisa's Higden (Rolls) III. 205 Senewes of schepe and of reþeren [β. riþeren].
βc1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 37 Ðet oref..beð shep and reðeren and get and swin. a1290Leben Jesu (Horstm.) 853 Fond he þer inne..Schep and reþren, and coluerene eke. c1306Pol. Songs (Camden) 220 Upon a retheres hude forth he wes y-tuht. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 13 Þis ilond..bringeþ forþ..reþeren and oþer bestes. a1400–50Alexander 1239 Meliager with his men..Raschis with rethere & rydis bot a quyle [etc.]. 1509Will of Myll (Somerset Ho.), Duos Retheres et viginti oues.
γc1225Leg. Kath. 60 Þe riche reoðeren & schep..brohten to lake. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 300/11 Garganes reoþeren and oþure bestes I-nowe..to heore lesewe heom drowe. 13..K. Alis. 4719 Men to heom threowe drit and donge, With foule ayren, with rotheres lunge. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. i. (Bodl. MS.), Bestes þat eteþ grete gras and herbes as roþeren. 1474Waterf. Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 311 Rodders or ony othre marchaundise. 1607Shakes. Timon iv. iii. 12 It is the Pastour Lards the rothers [em. for Brothers] sides. 1875Parish Dict. Sussex Dial., Rother,..a horned beast.
δc1050in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 275 Þæron næs orfcynnes nan mare buton vii hruðeru. c1205Lay. 8106 Islaȝene weoren to þon mele twælf þusend ruðeren. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 1209 King cassibel..sacrefize to hor godes..Vourti þousend of ruþeren. 1485Waterf. Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 319 The said bouchers bye the same rudders in thar names. 1518in Trans. Kilkenny Arch. Soc. Ser. ii. IV. 112 An Indentur..vpon ij rudders to be payed..yerly to Gerald Erle of Kildare.
2. attrib. and Comb., as rother-cattle, rother-driver, rother-herd, rother-soil.
c1000ælfric Gen. xlv. 10 Eowre sceap and eower hryðer⁓heorda. c1000― Hom. I. 322 Amos hatte sum hryðer-hyrde. c1175Lamb. Hom. 97 Amos het a reoðer heorde. 1396Chancery Warrants file 560 Quatre boefs, pris de quarante soulds, [stolen] de Johan ap Jakke, retherdryver. 1578Lyte Dodoens 752 The leaves of Elme are good fodder for rother cattell. 1602Carew Cornwall 23 Beastes seruing for meate onely, are Pigs, Goates, Sheepe, and Rother cattell. 1670Blount Glossogr. (ed. 3) s.v., Hence Rother-soyle, also used in Hereford shire, for the soyle or dung of those beasts.
▪ II. rother
obs. form of rudder. |