| 释义 |
rotor|ˈrəʊtə(r)|
[Irreg. for rotator.]
1. Math. (See quot. 1873.)
1873Clifford in Lond. Math. Soc. Proc. IV. 381, I propose to use the name rotor (short for rotator) to mean a quantity having magnitude, direction, and position, of which the simplest type is a velocity of rotation about a certain axis. 1882Nature XXVI. 218 Such a displacement is the same as a rotation about the polar of the given line, and is hence called by Clifford a Rotor.
2. The rotating part of a dynamo or motor.
1903St. James's Gaz. 7 Feb. 17/2 Both the rotor, and what is usually known as the stator of the motor, are constructed so as to be capable of rotation about a common axis.
3. A rotor arm.
1920V. W. Pagé Useful Hints for Motorists iii. 89 The distributor head and rotor are made of bakelite. 1959Motor Man. (ed. 36) viii. 215 Before replacing the rotor, which should also be cleaned with a petrol-damped rag and dried with a soft cloth, apply a few drops of engine oil to lubricate the cam bearing. 1975tr. Melchior's Sleeper Agent iii. 212 Someone's been monkeying with the jeep... The rotor! Someone's pinched the distributor rotor.
4. A cylinder mounted vertically on a ship and designed to be rotated on its axis, so that the Magnus effect will provide a forward propulsive force in a cross-wind.
1924Public Opinion 14 Nov. 483/3 Very little electric power is required to work the rotors. 1924Glasgow Herald 17 Nov. 4 The navigational importance of Herr Anton Flettner's ‘rotor’ as an auxiliary. 1925Ibid. 6 Feb. 9 These towers—technically called rotors—are supported on strong internal masts, about which they are revolved by small electric motors. 1943[see Magnus effect]. 1957Encycl. Brit. XIX. 577/2 The inventor states that it is not intended to drive ships solely by wind rotors, but that they shall serve as an auxiliary power upon steam and motor vessels.
5. A hub with a number of radiating arms that is rotated in an approximately horizontal plane to provide the lift for a helicopter or other rotary-wing aircraft.
1930Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XXXIV. 915 The wings of the aeroplane and the rotor of the autogiro. 1945Tee Emm (Air Ministry) V. 56 Note the main rotor, that is the big propeller affair on top... Get rid of any assumption that because the rotor is above the aircraft it is also above you. 1973R. Lewis Blood Money viii. 107 The helicopter..dropped lower towards the surface of the tarn until finally the downthrust of air from the rotors churned the water into a maelstrom.
6. The rotating vessel in a centrifuge.
1939Industr. & Engin. Chem. Sept. 1073 The rotor or bowl must be removed for cleaning when it becomes filled with bowl cake. 1958M. G. Larian Fund. Chem. Engin. Operations (1959) xiv. 566 The centrifuge is shown in Fig. 24. It consists of a tubular bowl rotor enclosed in a stationary casing. 1978Nature 14 Sept. 147/1 Brain homogenates..are centrifuged at 100,000g for 18 h in a Beckman 42.1 rotor.
7. A part of an encoding or decoding machine, rotation of which changes numerous electrical circuits and thereby the code.
1946U.S. Patent 2,402,182 3 The selected ratchet and pawl mechanism..then rotates the rotors one step while the contacts carried by the rotors are disengaged. 1973H. Gruppe Truxton Cipher xviii. 189 That moment in '42 when he had handed over the Truxton Cipher rotors to the Russians. 1979Books & Bookmen Jan. 31/1 The object was to enable the recipient of the message to set the rotors of his own machine for deciphering that particular message.
8. A large eddy in which the air circulates about a horizontal axis. [a. G. rotor, introduced in this sense by J. Küttner 1938, in Beiträge zur Physik der freien Atmosphäre XXV. 108.]
1949Q. Jrnl. R. Meteorol. Soc. LXXV. 54 The crests of waves may be capped by clouds under suitable conditions of humidity. Beautiful examples are the Helm Bars.., and the ‘Rotors’ associated with the Moazagotl. 1955Tellus VII. 367 The stationary lee-waves produced by a big mountain often break up into turbulent whirls or ‘rotors’ in the lower layers of the air flow. 1960Aeroplane XCVIII. 390/3 They moved downwind into the downdraught and at 2,500 ft. dropped into the rotor and its turbulence, which became especially violent from 1,500 ft. down to the ground. 1979Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 15 June 6/10 It was believed that wind conditions against the cliff face caused what was known in the sport as a ‘rotor’. ‘The wind spins across from the hill face and grabs you,’ he said.
9. attrib. and Comb., as rotor arm, the part of the distributor of an internal-combustion engine which, by its rotation, successively makes and breaks electrical contacts so that each sparking plug fires in turn; rotor blade, each of the radiating arms of the rotor of a helicopter or other rotary-wing aircraft; rotor cloud, a turbulent cloud in a rotor (sense 8) in the lee of a mountain; rotor disc, (a) the space swept out by rotor blades as they rotate; (b) the rotor head; rotor head, hub, the structure at the upper end of a shaft of a rotorcraft, to which the rotor blades are attached; rotor ship, a ship whose motive power is derived from cylindrical rotors. See also rotorcraft.
1919Fraser & Jones Motor Vehicles xviii. 195 The rotor arms are placed at right angles to each other and project from both sides of the shaft. 1964[see distributor 2 a (ii)]. 1968Listener 25 July 109/1, I stopped the jeep in the middle of the crowd while Kim automatically removed the rotor arm and padlocked the gears.
1931De la Cierva & Rose Wings of Tomorrow viii. 118 This was the only Autogiro that ever broke a rotor blade in flight. 1947Times 16 Apr. 2/1 An airscrew which can be extended to the dimensions of a rotor blade such as that used in helicopters has long been sought. 1973R. Lewis Blood Money viii. 106 Crow heard the chatter of rotor-blades and saw the helicopter coming in.
1959Gloss. Meteorol. (Amer. Meteorol. Soc.) 487 Rotor cloud, a turbulent, altocumulus-type cloud formation found in the lee of some large mountain barriers. 1967R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Atmospheric Sci. 609/1 The moazagotl condition is set up by a standing wave established when the warm chinook or foehn-type air flows down the lee slope of the mountain range, initiating a series of undulations with eddies, the rising air of which develop cumuloform rotor clouds. 1974T. Beer Atmospheric Waves iv. 182 The base of the rotor cloud is near the level of the crest while the top may be several thousand feet higher.
1944H. F. Gregory Anything Horse can Do xiv. 145 The direct-control Autogiro is controlled by tilting the rotor disk in the desired direction. Actually it is accomplished by rocking the hub. 1976B. Jackson Flameout (1977) iv. 54 Klein bent to stare at the forward stages of the compressor rotor. All the wing-like blades were rooted in the rotor disk.
1931De la Cierva & Rose Wings of Tomorrow vi. 93, I propose to overcome the inequality of lift by building into the rotor head a device for changing the angle of incidence of the blades as they made their circle. 1958Lambermont & Pirie Helicopters & Autogyros of World 32 The rotor head..was controlled by feathering and impressed flapping.
1931De la Cierva & Rose Wings of Tomorrow viii. 118 The rotor hub is almost entirely a machine shop product. 1949Electronic Engin. XXI. 292/2 The testing tower..was erected to provide a means of testing rotor hubs and blades independently of helicopter aircraft.
1924Glasgow Herald 17 Nov. 4 (heading) The rotor ship. Ibid. 12 Dec. 8 The Rotor ship is apparently a thing devoid of beauty. It reminds one of a match-box with two cigarettes placed vertically on top. 1926Ibid. 27 Apr. 11 The big new rotorship Barbara will be launched at Bremen tomorrow. Her tonnage is 3000, and she has three rotors, each measuring nearly 100ft. in height and 13ft. in circumference. 1949O. G. Sutton Sci. of Flight iv. 84 The idea of a rotor-ship does not seem to have appealed to ship-builders in general and it is now regarded as a scientific curiosity and no more. 1957Encycl. Brit. XIX. 578/1 An ordinary sailing vessel requires to take down all her canvas in a hurricane, but the rotor ship could continue sailing, with more stability for manoeuvring. |